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<p>The study is divided into three parts – the development of wage labour towards becoming the dominant norm in society, how this norm is challenged in a specific geographical context, and lastly a study of two unemployed individuals and their everyday activities, what and especially why certain behaviour occurs. The main purpose with the text is to study unemployed people in a specific geographical context in a overall society where wage labour is thought to be the norm. Questions that is being asked is how the unemployed individual works in a society where wage labour is the dominant activity for the day. This is connected to a study of Möllevången, a district of Malmö, where the wage labour norm can be thought of as being challenged. Employment and unemployment is categorised as part of the same activity, in a perspective they share the same functions, the demand for spending time in the system and they constitute, in principle, the only ways of earning a living, the wage or unemployment benefit, which both comes with similar demands towards the individual.</p>

The study is divided into three parts – the development of wage labour towards becoming the dominant norm in society, how this norm is challenged in a specific geographical context, and lastly a study of two unemployed individuals and their everyday activities, what and especially why certain behaviour occurs. The main purpose with the text is to study unemployed people in a specific geographical context in a overall society where wage labour is thought to be the norm. Questions that is being asked is how the unemployed individual works in a society where wage labour is the dominant activity for the day. This is connected to a study of Möllevången, a district of Malmö, where the wage labour norm can be thought of as being challenged. Employment and unemployment is categorised as part of the same activity, in a perspective they share the same functions, the demand for spending time in the system and they constitute, in principle, the only ways of earning a living, the wage or unemployment benefit, which both comes with similar demands towards the individual.

Författare: Sebastian Malmborg och Max BergHandledare: Karin Staffansson PauliBakgrund: I media framställs Möllevången som ett delområde i en pågående gentrifieringsprocess. Begreppet gentrifiering associeras med negativitet och segregation.Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att granska om den utveckling som skett på Möllevången är att klassas som gentrifiering och vilka effekter det medför på det givna området.Metod: Undersökningen bygger på sju intervjuer som är riktad till de intressenter författarna anser vara mest relevanta kring utvecklingen av Möllevången. Utöver detta har två enkätundersökningar utförts som riktar sig till de boende och fastighetsmäklare.Slutsatser: Författarna anser att Möllevången är i en pågående gentrifieringsprocess. Gentrifieringen är av naturlig karaktär och kommer därför till största sannolikhet fortlöpa. De goda effekter gentrifieringen av Möllevången medför innefattar förbättrade kommunikationsmöjligheter, ökad lokalservice, förbättrad näringslivsstruktur och ökade lokala skatteintäkter. Till följd av detta sker en allmän standardhöjning av området och dess tillhörande fastigheter och lägenheter belägna i Möllevången. De negativa effekter gentrifieringen av området medför en ökad segregation i form av bortträngningseffekter, främst gällande mindre kapitalstarka befolkningsgrupper och näringslivsverksamheter. Detta medför en stor risk för att områdets kultur rubbas, vilket är det som gör området unikt och attraktionskraftigt.Nyckelord: Gentrifiering, Möllevången, Malmö, Segregation, Citytunneln. / Title: The development of the neighborhood Möllevången- A survey about gentrification.Authors: Sebastian Malmborg & Max BergSupervisor: Karin Staffansson PauliBackground: The term gentrification is a current topic that often is associated with negativity and segregation. The media often associates the area Möllevången as an area that is in an ongoing gentrificationprocess.Method: This survey is based on seven interviews addressed to the operators of Möllevången. Two surveys were designed targeting the residents and realtors.Conclusions: The authors consider that Möllevången is under an ongoing natural gentrificationprocess, and is therefore most likely to proceed. The good effects caused by a gentrification of Möllevången includes improved communications, increased local services, improvement of the businesstructure and increased local tax revenues. As a result of the gentrification the general standard increases and so will properties and apartments located in the area. The negative effects caused by gentrification of Möllevången leads to higher levels of segregation in the form of displacement mainly concerning the low income group populations and traders with low turnovers. This causes a high risk of the area´s culture to be disturbed, which makes the area unique and attractive.Key Words: Gentrification, Möllevången, Malmö, Segregation, Citytunneln

I denna fallstudie fördjupas kunskapen om hur trygghetsskapande arbete bedrivs mellan offentliga och privata aktörer i Malmö. Fallet vi har valt att undersöka är området Möllevången i Malmö, och fokus kommer vara på samverkansplattformen “Samverkan Möllan” och föreningen BID Malmö. Möllevången eller “Möllan” har under de senaste årtiondena utvecklats från ett arbetarkvarter till en multikulturell nöjeskärna i Malmö. Trots Möllevångens goda egenskaper så rapporteras otrygghet i området. Otryggheten grundar sig främst i att ordningsstörningar, nedskräpning och öppen narkotikaförsäljning är frekventa i området. Både privata och offentliga organisationer har tillsammans börjat arbeta för att göra Möllevången tryggare och i förlängningen förebygga brottslighet. BID Malmö är en privat aktör som utgörs av fastighetsägare. “Samverkan Möllan” är en mötesplattform som startats av Malmö stad där flera offentliga och privata aktörer, däribland BID Malmö deltar för att diskutera frågor kopplade till Möllevången. Genom kvalitativa observationer och en intervju har trygghetsskapande arbete mellan offentliga och privata aktörer sammanfattats i fem teman: relationsskapande över gränserna, trygghet &amp; trygghetsskapande insatser, områdesspecifika behov &amp; problemlösning, spridning och delning av information och balansera makten &amp; ekonomiska intressen. Två sätt som BID Malmö planerar att arbeta trygghetsskapande på Möllevången har även identifierats: situationellt utifrån broken windows-teorin och genom samverkan med olika organisationer. / In this case-study, we advance knowledge about how safety-enhancing work is conducted between public and private actors in Malmö. The case we have chosen to explore is Möllevången in Malmö, and the focus will be on the collaboration platform “Samverkan Möllan” and the association BID Malmö. Möllevången or "Möllan" has evolved over the past decades from a working-class neighborhood to a multicultural entertainment hub in Malmö. Despite Möllevången's positive qualities reports of feelings of unsafety in the area persist. The feeling of unsafety mainly stems from frequent disturbances, littering and open drug dealing. Both private and public organizations have begun collaborating to make Möllevången safer and, in the long term, prevent crime. BID Malmö is a private actor consisting of property owners. Samverkan Möllan is a meeting platform initiated by the city of Malmö where multiple public and private actors, including BID Malmö, participate to discuss issues related to Möllevången. Through qualitative observations and an interview, the safety-enhancing work between public and private actors has been summarized into five themes: building relationships across boundaries, safety &amp; safety-enhancing measures, area-specific needs &amp; problem-solving, distribution and sharing of communication and balancing power &amp; economic interests. Two ways in which BID Malmö plans to work to improve safety in Möllevången have also been identified: situationally based on the broken windows theory and through collaboration with different organisations.

Entrepreneurship among immigrants is steadily increasing in Europe and is playing an increasingly important role in the social and economic structure of European cities. In Malmö, Möllevången the ethnic businesses are continuingly thriving in the Swedish society. They fill a versatile and in many ways unique feature. They also fill gaps in the market; help to give new life to downturn urban areas, offering new products and services. But the questions are, are these immigrants forced to become entrepreneurs or have they chosen to be? What factors lie behind? How did they start their business in the beginning? To answer these questions, a qualitative method was used, where the semi- structured interviews with 5 respondents from different backgrounds were recorded, such as Iraq, Iran, Palestine, Poland and Serbia. The analysis and conclusion of this study showed that ethnic entrepreneurs both chose and were forced to enter self-employment. The five respondents mentioned several factors that had motivated them to self-employ, which are language barriers, discrimination, traditions, low wages, education and to be your own boss. The respondents did not follow theories used in this study about how entrepreneurs start their own business, but instead followed other stages that we call “Stages of starting your own for ethnic entrepreneurs”.

Syftet med studien är att sätta ord på förändringarna som sker på Möllevången i Malmö genom att testa om det skulle kunna förklaras med ordet gentrifiering. Samt hur dessa förändringar har påverkat och kommer att påverka människor.Metoden för genomförandet kommer till största del att bestå av djupgående intervjuer med människor som bor och vistas i området. Detta för att uppmärksamma vilka förändringar som sker, har skett och hur de upplevs. Sedan kommer berättelserna från intervjupersonerna att jämföras med gentrifieringen som den beskrivs av samhällsvetare och författare.Resultatet visar att det med högsta sannolikhet pågår en gentrifiering av Möllevången men att denna uppfattas olika av olika människor och inte behöver vara negativ. / The study aims to put into words the changes that occur on Möllevången in Malmö by testing whether it could be explained by the word gentrification. And how these changes have affected and will affect people. The method of implementation will largely consist of in-depth interviews with people who live and reside in the area. This is to pay attention to the changes taking place, the changes that have taken place and how they are perceived. Then come the stories of the interviewees which are compared with gentrification as outlined by social scientist and authors. The result shows that the highest probability is an ongoing gentrification of Möllevången but this is perceived differently by different people and not necessarily negative.