Thesis--University of Delhi. / Bibliography: p. [343]-348.

Thesis (MA (Counselling Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Catholic University of America, 1937. / Bibliography: p. 262-274.

No description available.

This thesis charts the stakeholder communities, physical environment and daily life of two little studied Qādiriyya Sufi shrines associated with Shaikh ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī (1077 – 1165 AD), a 12th century Ḥanbalī Muslim theologian and the posthumous founder of one of the oldest Sufi orders in Islam. The first shrine is based in Baghdad and houses his burial chamber; and the second shrine, on the outskirts of the city of ‘Aqra in the Kurdish region of northern Iraq, is that of his son Shaikh ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (died 1206 AD). The latter was also known for lecturing in Ḥanbalī theology in the region, and venerated for this as well as his association with Shaikh ʿAbd al-Qādir. Driven by the research question “What shapes the identity orientations of these two Qādiriyya Sufi shrines in modern times?” the findings presented here are the result of field research carried out between November 2009 and February 2014. This field research revealed a complex context in which the two shrines existed and interacted, influenced by both Sufi and non-Sufi stakeholders who identified with and accessed these shrines to satisfy a variety of spiritual and practical needs, which in turn influenced the way each considered and viewed the two shrines from a number of orientations. These overlapping orientations include the Qādirī Sufi entity and the resting place of its patron saint; the orthodox Sunnī mosque with its muftī-imams, who are employed by the Iraqi government; the local Shīʿa community’s neighbourhood saint’s shrine and its destination for spiritual and practical aid; and the local provider of welfare to the poor of the city (soup kitchen, funeral parlour and electricity-generation amongst other services). The research findings also revealed a continuously changing and adapting Qādirī Sufi scene not immune from the national and regional socio-religio-political environments in which the two shrines exist: a non-Sufi national political class vying to influence and manipulate these shrines for their own purposes; and powerful national sectarian factions jostling to do the same. The mixture of stakeholders using and associating with the two shrines were found to be influential shapers of these entities, both physically and spiritually. Through encountering and interacting with each other, most stakeholders contributed to maintaining and rejuvenating the two shrines, but some also sought to adapt and change them driven by their particular orientation’s perspective.

In this thesis I develop a psychosocial approach to prejudice and discrimination among the Mexican-origin population in the U.S. state of Arizona. I argue that although the Mexican-origin population has been oppressed and discriminated against by the dominant white population for centuries, this minority group has its own history of intra-group prejudice and discrimination. Moreover, I argue that the attitudes and behaviours of Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans, and the interactions between them, are influenced by three main elements: 1) structural factors (such as exploitation and inequality); 2) dominant ideologies (such as colonisation and white supremacy/superiority) and; 3) cultural commonalities between Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans (in particular, the Spanish language). Within this context, I employed approximately thirty free association narrative interviews, notes based on ethnographic and participant observations, amongst other data sources (such as newspaper articles and informal interviews), to reveal much about the unconscious dynamics and processes under which Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans interact. In the first half of the thesis I describe the social and political context of Arizona, which includes the history of the Mexican-origin population in that state as well as the implementation of the anti-immigration law, Senate Bill 1070 and its effects on the Mexican-origin population. In addition to this, I describe the methodology I used to conduct this research (participants, types of interviews and analysis of the collected data). In the second half of the thesis, I analyse prejudice and discrimination coming from ‘outside’ and ‘inside’ the Mexican-origin population with the use of psychoanalytic (Freud, Klein, Dalal), sociological (Douglas, Jimenez, Clarke) and post-colonial theories (Fanon, Memmi, Bhabha). In conclusion, I argue that the phenomenon of prejudice and discrimination among Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans in Arizona cannot be reduced to psychological nor sociological explanations but that it needs to be addressed and approached by several disciplines.

Orientador: Symone Cristina Teixeira / Banca: João Carlos da Rocha / Resumo: O trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico e hábitos alimentares e de higiene de jovens, com idade entre 18 e 24 anos, livres de cárie, beneficiando a odontologia no sentido de estudar dados relacionados à saúde e não a doença como já bem relatado na literatura. Através de exame clínico simples foram selecionados os alunos livres de cárie (88) que então responderam a um questionário com questões sobre o perfil socioeconômico da família, os hábitos alimentares, de higiene, de rotina ao consultório odontológico e incentivo dos responsáveis da infância até os dias atuais. O perfil socioeconômico mais prevalente foi entre os estratos A a B2, com o nível de escolaridade dos pais entre médio completo e pós-graduação. Em relação à água fluoretada e a informações sobre saúde bucal 93% responderam ter tido acesso. As escovações foram relatadas no mínimo de 1 a 3 vezes por dia, chegando até a 5 vezes. Os consultórios particulares foram os mais visitados, com um intervalo de 3 a 6 meses entre as consultas por motivo de prevenção. A escovação foi supervisionada pelos pais até os 7 anos de idade por 63,64% dos entrevistados. Desta forma, os dados colhidos durante esta pesquisa podem auxiliar na formação, reorientação ou adaptação de políticas públicas de saúde através da organização do serviço, planejamento de estratégias para os trabalhos principalmente de educação, atenção e prevenção em saúde bucal, trazendo benefícios não só a odontologia, mas à toda população / The objective of this study was to characterize the socioeconomic profile and eating and hygiene habits of young people., aged 18 to 24 years old, caries-free, benefiting dentistry in order to study data related to health and not the disease as already reported in the literature. Through a simple clinical examination, caries-free students were selected (88), who then answered a questionnaire with questions about the family's socioeconomic profile, eating habits, hygiene, routine dental appointments, and indulcement of parents or guardians for childhood to the present day. The most prevalent socioeconomic profile was between the strata A and B2, with the level of schooling of the parents between full middle and postgraduate. Regarding fluoridated water and oral health information, 93% said they had access. Brushing has been reported at least 1 to 3 times a day, up to 5 times. Private practices were the most visited, with a 3-6 month interval between consultations due to prevention. Brushing was supervised by parents up to 7 years of age by 63.64% of the interviewees. Therefore, the data collected during this research can help in the formation, reorientation or adaptation of public health policies through the organization of the service, planning strategies for the work mainly education, attention and prevention in oral health, bringing benefits not only dentistry, but the entire population / Mestre

The purpose of this qualitative exploratory study was to explore, with former study abroad participants, their perceptions of how their experience abroad has influenced them. The results of the study provide recommendations to prospective study abroad participants and to those that develop and advise for programs. Ultimately, the recommendations inform these constituents of the challenges that occurred while abroad, how participants learned to manage the challenges, and how their attitudes have changed since returning from study abroad. The study is based on the following three assumptions: 1) Participants in the study are potentially still learning and growing from the experience; 2) Participants understand and acknowledge that one can reflect on such an experience; 3) The participants are able and feel comfortable speaking and writing about their experience and the overall influence of studying abroad. With the use of a purposive sampling strategy, data was obtained from former study abroad participants through interviews, critical incident responses, and a focus group. Eighteen participants completed the interview process and also submitted a critical incident response. The focus group was comprised of five additional individuals. The findings of the study stated: 1.) An overwhelming majority of participants described dealing with cross-cultural issues - developing relationships with locals, overcoming language barriers, and understanding values, traditions and ways of life. 2.) All participants indicated that they learned to overcome the challenges faced through conversation with others, specifically with friends and other students, local community residents, and family members. 3.) All participants said they saw an increase in their open-mindedness towards embracing new experiences and perspectives since returning from the study abroad experience. The main recommendations of the study were the following: 1.) The learning outcomes associated with study abroad experiences should be prioritized throughout the program development phase and advisement process. Reflective practice should also be incorporated in order to further a participant’s learning and development; and 2.) prospective study abroad students should have access to a variety of stakeholders and content in order to support them in the study abroad decision-making process. Finally, participants should willingly engage in the decision-making process to ensure that they are making an informed decision.

No description available.

No description available.