• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 12
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 18
  • 18
  • 11
  • 11
  • 5
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Marital disruption is associated with shorter salivary telomere length in a probability sample of older adults.

Whisman, Mark A., Robustelli, Briana L., Sbarra, David A. 05 1900 (has links)
Marital disruption (i.e., marital separation, divorce) is associated with a wide range of poor mental and physical health outcomes, including increased risk for all-cause mortality. One biological intermediary that may help explain the association between marital disruption and poor health is accelerated cellular aging.
2

Práticas parentais e recursos do ambiente de famílias nucleares, monoparentais e recasadas e o comportamento de crianças durante a transição para o ensino fundamental / Parental practices and home environment resources of nuclear, single-parent and remarried families and behavior children during the transition to elementary school

Leme, Vanessa Barbosa Romera 05 May 2011 (has links)
A literatura sobre separação e recasamento indica que tais eventos são fontes de estresse para toda a família, especialmente quando os filhos passam por um momento de transição ecológica, tal com a entrada no primeiro ano, quando são exigidas, tanto das crianças quanto dos pais, novas habilidades para lidar com as demandas do novo contexto. A partir do Modelo Bioecológico do Desenvolvimento Humano, os objetivos do estudo foram: a) comparar as práticas parentais de mães de famílias nucleares, de famílias monoparentais e recasadas em transição recente e de famílias monoparentais e recasadas estáveis; b) comparar as habilidades sociais, os problemas de comportamento e a competência acadêmica das crianças das diferentes famílias; c) comparar os recursos do ambiente das diferentes configurações familiares que podem contribuir para o desempenho escolar das crianças; d) investigar possíveis preditores das habilidades sociais, dos problemas de comportamento e de competência acadêmica. Participaram da pesquisa 160 mães (33 que estavam casadas, 33 que estavam separadas há menos de três anos e 33 separadas há mais de três anos, 31 que estavam recasadas há menos de três anos e 30 recasadas há mais de três anos), cujos filhos passavam pela transição para o primeiro ano do ensino fundamental em cinco escolas públicas municipais. As 22 professoras das crianças participaram como informantes. Os dados foram coletados com as mães individualmente nas suas residências ou locais de trabalho; responderam a um questionário sobre caracterização familiar, a um inventário de práticas parentais, a um inventário de habilidades sociais e de problemas de comportamento, a um inventário de recursos do ambiente familiar e a um questionário sobre o nível socioeconômico. Em seguida, foram coletados os dados com as professoras das crianças cujas mães atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. As professoras responderam a um inventário de habilidades sociais, de problemas de comportamento e de competência acadêmica. Os resultados das análises de variância indicaram que, comparadas às demais famílias, as mães de famílias nucleares apresentaram mais práticas parentais positivas, mais recursos do ambiente familiar e seus filhos apresentaram mais habilidades sociais de autocontrole e cooperação com pares e menos problemas de comportamento. Já as famílias monoparentais em transição recente em relação às outras, apresentaram menos recursos do ambiente familiar e as crianças pertencentes a essas famílias apresentaram menos habilidades sociais e mais problemas de comportamento. As análises de regressão indicaram que as práticas parentais negativas e a qualidade da relação da criança com o pai biológico foram as variáveis que tiveram maior poder preditivo sobre as habilidades sociais, os problemas de comportamento e a competência acadêmica das crianças, nos ambientes familiar e escolar. Para as avaliações das mães, essas variáveis contribuíram para explicar de 48% a 61% da variância dos comportamentos e da competência acadêmica das crianças no modelo final de predição, enquanto que para as avaliações das professoras, os valores ficaram entre 9% e 17%. Destaca-se que, para as mães e para as professoras, as crianças, independentemente de terem passado por transições familiares, apresentaram muitas habilidades sociais e não se diferenciaram quanto à competência acadêmica. Tais resultados sinalizam recursos individuais que podem funcionar como fatores de proteção. / The theory on separation and remarriage indicates that such events are sources of stress for the whole family, especially when children are undergoing ecological transition such as entering the first year, when new skills are required of both children and parents for dealing with the demands of the new context. Taking into account the Bioecological Model of Human Development, the study aimed: a) to compare the parental practices of mothers in nuclear, single-parent, remarried families in recent transition and single-parent and remarried stable families, b) to compare the social skills, behavior problems and academic competence of children from different families, c) to compare the home environment resources of different family configurations which may contribute to the academic performance of the children, d) to investigate possible predictors of social skills and behavior, academic competence problems. The participants were 160 mothers (33 mothers were from nuclear families, 33 from single-parent families separated for less than three years, 33 from single-parent families separated for more than three years, 31 from remarried families for less than three years and 30 from remarried for more than three years) whose children attended the first year of elementary public school. The 22 teachers of the children participated as informants. Data were collected through individual interviews with the mothers in their homes or workplaces. Mothers answered a questionnaire about family characteristics, an inventory of parental practices, an inventory of social skills and behavior problems, an inventory of home environment resources and a questionnaire of socioeconomic status. Then the data were collected with the teachers of children whose mothers met the inclusion criteria. The teachers answered to an inventory of social skills, behavior problems and academic competence. The results of variances analysis indicated that mothers from nuclear families had more positive parental practices, and they had more home environment resources. The analysis also indicated that children from nuclear families had more social skills of self-control and cooperation with peers and had less behavior problems than children and mothers from other families. Mothers from families which recently become single-parent had less home environment resources. The children from these families also had less social skills and had more behavior problems than children and mothers from other families. Regression analysis indicated that negative parental practices and the quality of the relationship between child and biological father were the variables with more predictive power about social skills, behavior problems and academic competence of children in family and in school environment. According to the mothers, these variables contributed to explain 48% to 61% of the variance in behavior and academic competence of children in the final model prediction. To the teachers ratings, the values were between 9% and 17%. Globally, the study highlights the importance of the fact that, for mothers and teachers, children from different families had many social skills and dont differ in terms of academic competence. These results indicate that individual resources should function as protective factors.
3

Marital separation : an experimental investigation of the efficacy of a self-help guide

Jones, Rosemary, n/a January 1984 (has links)
The present study examined the efficacy of a self-help guide in the area of marital separation and divorce. The guide itself was written after an extensive series of interviews with people undergoing separation and professionals such as lawyers and counsellors who deal with separating people as part of their working day. The experiment demanded firstly a thorough investigation of two major areas viz.(a) the new Family Law Act and its effects, and (b) the current trend to self-help in many areas of our society. The particular style of self-help under investigation was help through reading-bibliotherapy. A factor analysis was performed in order to determine which facets of separation most required attention from those who have separated or are about to separate. Methodology involved using three groups matched for certain characteristics to test for changes after bibliotherapeutic interventions. The failure to find statistically significant results was discussed in terms of methodological problems. Socially significant results emerged as implications for welfare practice, and possible legal changes were examined.
4

Práticas parentais e recursos do ambiente de famílias nucleares, monoparentais e recasadas e o comportamento de crianças durante a transição para o ensino fundamental / Parental practices and home environment resources of nuclear, single-parent and remarried families and behavior children during the transition to elementary school

Vanessa Barbosa Romera Leme 05 May 2011 (has links)
A literatura sobre separação e recasamento indica que tais eventos são fontes de estresse para toda a família, especialmente quando os filhos passam por um momento de transição ecológica, tal com a entrada no primeiro ano, quando são exigidas, tanto das crianças quanto dos pais, novas habilidades para lidar com as demandas do novo contexto. A partir do Modelo Bioecológico do Desenvolvimento Humano, os objetivos do estudo foram: a) comparar as práticas parentais de mães de famílias nucleares, de famílias monoparentais e recasadas em transição recente e de famílias monoparentais e recasadas estáveis; b) comparar as habilidades sociais, os problemas de comportamento e a competência acadêmica das crianças das diferentes famílias; c) comparar os recursos do ambiente das diferentes configurações familiares que podem contribuir para o desempenho escolar das crianças; d) investigar possíveis preditores das habilidades sociais, dos problemas de comportamento e de competência acadêmica. Participaram da pesquisa 160 mães (33 que estavam casadas, 33 que estavam separadas há menos de três anos e 33 separadas há mais de três anos, 31 que estavam recasadas há menos de três anos e 30 recasadas há mais de três anos), cujos filhos passavam pela transição para o primeiro ano do ensino fundamental em cinco escolas públicas municipais. As 22 professoras das crianças participaram como informantes. Os dados foram coletados com as mães individualmente nas suas residências ou locais de trabalho; responderam a um questionário sobre caracterização familiar, a um inventário de práticas parentais, a um inventário de habilidades sociais e de problemas de comportamento, a um inventário de recursos do ambiente familiar e a um questionário sobre o nível socioeconômico. Em seguida, foram coletados os dados com as professoras das crianças cujas mães atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. As professoras responderam a um inventário de habilidades sociais, de problemas de comportamento e de competência acadêmica. Os resultados das análises de variância indicaram que, comparadas às demais famílias, as mães de famílias nucleares apresentaram mais práticas parentais positivas, mais recursos do ambiente familiar e seus filhos apresentaram mais habilidades sociais de autocontrole e cooperação com pares e menos problemas de comportamento. Já as famílias monoparentais em transição recente em relação às outras, apresentaram menos recursos do ambiente familiar e as crianças pertencentes a essas famílias apresentaram menos habilidades sociais e mais problemas de comportamento. As análises de regressão indicaram que as práticas parentais negativas e a qualidade da relação da criança com o pai biológico foram as variáveis que tiveram maior poder preditivo sobre as habilidades sociais, os problemas de comportamento e a competência acadêmica das crianças, nos ambientes familiar e escolar. Para as avaliações das mães, essas variáveis contribuíram para explicar de 48% a 61% da variância dos comportamentos e da competência acadêmica das crianças no modelo final de predição, enquanto que para as avaliações das professoras, os valores ficaram entre 9% e 17%. Destaca-se que, para as mães e para as professoras, as crianças, independentemente de terem passado por transições familiares, apresentaram muitas habilidades sociais e não se diferenciaram quanto à competência acadêmica. Tais resultados sinalizam recursos individuais que podem funcionar como fatores de proteção. / The theory on separation and remarriage indicates that such events are sources of stress for the whole family, especially when children are undergoing ecological transition such as entering the first year, when new skills are required of both children and parents for dealing with the demands of the new context. Taking into account the Bioecological Model of Human Development, the study aimed: a) to compare the parental practices of mothers in nuclear, single-parent, remarried families in recent transition and single-parent and remarried stable families, b) to compare the social skills, behavior problems and academic competence of children from different families, c) to compare the home environment resources of different family configurations which may contribute to the academic performance of the children, d) to investigate possible predictors of social skills and behavior, academic competence problems. The participants were 160 mothers (33 mothers were from nuclear families, 33 from single-parent families separated for less than three years, 33 from single-parent families separated for more than three years, 31 from remarried families for less than three years and 30 from remarried for more than three years) whose children attended the first year of elementary public school. The 22 teachers of the children participated as informants. Data were collected through individual interviews with the mothers in their homes or workplaces. Mothers answered a questionnaire about family characteristics, an inventory of parental practices, an inventory of social skills and behavior problems, an inventory of home environment resources and a questionnaire of socioeconomic status. Then the data were collected with the teachers of children whose mothers met the inclusion criteria. The teachers answered to an inventory of social skills, behavior problems and academic competence. The results of variances analysis indicated that mothers from nuclear families had more positive parental practices, and they had more home environment resources. The analysis also indicated that children from nuclear families had more social skills of self-control and cooperation with peers and had less behavior problems than children and mothers from other families. Mothers from families which recently become single-parent had less home environment resources. The children from these families also had less social skills and had more behavior problems than children and mothers from other families. Regression analysis indicated that negative parental practices and the quality of the relationship between child and biological father were the variables with more predictive power about social skills, behavior problems and academic competence of children in family and in school environment. According to the mothers, these variables contributed to explain 48% to 61% of the variance in behavior and academic competence of children in the final model prediction. To the teachers ratings, the values were between 9% and 17%. Globally, the study highlights the importance of the fact that, for mothers and teachers, children from different families had many social skills and dont differ in terms of academic competence. These results indicate that individual resources should function as protective factors.
5

Psychological, Social, and Immunological Outcomes following Marital Separation

Hasselmo, Karen Elizabeth, Hasselmo, Karen Elizabeth January 2017 (has links)
Close relationships play an integral role in human health (Coan & Sbarra, 2015). It follows, then, that the dissolution of an important relationship can have a variety of negative health consequences (Amato, 2010; Kitson & Morgan, 1990; Sbarra, Law, & Portley, 2011), and social loss confers vulnerability to a range of morbidities and early mortality. Disrupted marital status is one of the strongest sociodemographic predictors of stress-induced physical illness (Somers, 1979) and marital disruption has long been reported as one of life's most stressful events (Bloom, Asher, & White, 1978). Robust evidence links divorce or separation to poorer health outcomes; however, the exact mechanisms through which relationship dissolution influences our health so profoundly are not yet fully elucidated (Sbarra, Hasselmo, & Bourassa, 2015). The current study investigated how changes in psychological responses to divorce are associated with changes in immune responding in recently-separated adults (N = 55). I followed participants over an average of five months, collecting psychological distress measures at three visits, each one month apart, and immune measures at two visits, five months apart. To assess how variability in social engagement is associated with immunological responses following the end of a marriage, I incorporated naturalistic, observational data using a new methodology. I found that an objectively derived composite of social behaviors including (a) time spent with others; (b) time spent socializing/entertaining; (c) time spent in substantive conversation; and (d) time spent receiving positive support predicted concurrent immune outcomes over and above the effects of psychological distress and/or loneliness, and that psychological distress may exert indirect influence on immune outcomes through social integration. Furthermore, attachment style revealed differential longitudinal associations between social integration and immune outcomes. This research expands current knowledge on the immune-relevant outcomes of divorce and separation, and includes new methodology for naturalistically-derived measures of social engagement in determining how this common life stressor is associated with health over time.
6

19th century emigration from Cornwall as experienced by the wives 'left behind'

Trotter, Lesley Jane January 2015 (has links)
The 19th century is recognised as a period of mass emigration from Cornwall, with a significant proportion of the male population leaving to work overseas, mainly in the mining industry. Less appreciated is that many of these migrants were married men who left wives and children behind in Cornwall. This study seeks to shed some light on the experiences of these women, known as 'married widows'. It adopts a multi-faceted approach, which draws upon crowd-sourcing and digital resources, in combination with more traditional methodologies. Scattered and fragmentary qualitative evidence (drawn from correspondence, newspapers, remittance and poor law records, supplemented by personal testimony recorded in family histories) is examined within a quantitative framework produced by an innovative database created from census records and a longitudinal study of outcomes. This thesis describes how tens of thousands of wives were 'left behind' in the mining communities of Cornwall, and the wide range of resources they drew upon in the absence of their husbands. It examines the interaction between the wives and the State in the form of the Poor Law and the Courts, identifying a pragmatic response to the needs of the emerging transnational nuclear family. Male migration from Cornwall is revealed to vary widely in type, intent and duration, leading to great diversity of experiences and outcomes for the wives 'left behind'. The establishment of temporary male labour emigration from the Cornish mining communities is shown to have occurred earlier than in many other emigration centres, creating greater potential for cultural acclimatisation to the challenges of spousal separation. The findings of this study challenge existing, generalised, perceptions of the wives as passive victims in the Cornish emigration story. Levels of destitution or desertion appear low compared to the scale of the phenomenon, and wives are shown as active participants and influential voices in family strategies. Nonetheless, this study highlights the vulnerability and greater risks faced by the wives 'left behind', and identifies financial and emotional insecurity as common elements of their experience. This thesis demonstrates a methodology and reveals insights that might be applied to the study of wives 'left behind' in other parts of the British Isles, and a comparator for existing studies of those elsewhere in the world.
7

Separação amorosa e individuação feminina: uma abordagem em grupo de mulheres no enfoque da psicologia analítica / Separation from love relationships and womens individuation: an approach into a group of women in the focus of the Analytical Psychology

Parisi, Silvana 22 May 2009 (has links)
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a compreensão da separação amorosa vivenciada pela mulher de meia idade relacionada ao processo de individuação através de um trabalho realizado em grupo vivencial sob o enfoque da Psicologia Analítica. O método utilizado na pesquisa foi qualitativo sob a perspectiva simbólico arquetípica. Foram realizados oito encontros de grupo com sete participantes na faixa etária de quarenta a cinqüenta e cinco anos que estavam vivenciando uma separação amorosa. No grupo foram utilizados recursos expressivos, contos e mitos para favorecer a elaboração simbólica. A partir do material coletado observou-se uma grande diversidade de experiências em relação à perda como sentimentos de tristeza, solidão, desamparo, raiva, desejos de vingança, sensação de vazio e desorganização. Um tema comum manifestado pelas participantes foi a sensação de perda de identidade no relacionamento anterior ou em decorrência da separação. Identificou-se que esta perda estava associada a conteúdos inconscientes projetados no parceiro e na conjugalidade que ainda não haviam sido reintegrados à consciência. Verificou-se que em alguns casos a identidade estava alicerçada no vínculo simbiótico mantido com o parceiro. Reconhecer a raiva que estava na sombra do relacionamento, recolher as projeções depositadas no parceiro e ter que enfrentar a solidão se revelaram como oportunidades de diferenciação necessárias ao processo de individuação. Na compreensão dos dados, foi utilizado o referencial de mitos e contos para estabelecer algumas amplificações e analogias. Alguns padrões arquetípicos femininos mostraram estar ativados ou negligenciados na psique das participantes: a traição acionou uma Hera raivosa e vingativa em algumas mulheres, enquanto Afrodite parecia abandonada pelo desinteresse manifestado por algumas participantes para novos relacionamentos. Por outro lado a separação constelou arquétipos de deusas mais independentes em algumas mulheres que investem em trabalho e estudos. Observou-se que a temática da descida ao mundo inferior expressa nos mitos de Inana e de Core-Perséfone era constelada na vivência depressiva de algumas participantes, uma experiência necessária à elaboração do luto e ao enraizamento no Self feminino simbolizado pelo encontro com a deusa escura reprimida na cultura patriarcal. O grupo vivencial se mostrou eficaz para favorecer a elaboração do luto pela perda amorosa através da criação de um espaço ritual, permitindo a constelação de uma nova coniunctio. Os recursos expressivos e os contos e mitos utilizados facilitaram a expressão simbólica das participantes e mobilizaram as forças curativas da psique para iniciar a cicatrização das feridas ocasionadas pela perda. Constatou-se no grupo uma apropriação da própria trajetória de vida possibilitando assumir a responsabilidade pelo processo de individuação. São sugeridos novos estudos e o desenvolvimento de trabalhos em grupos vivenciais de mulheres e também de homens para lidar com a separação amorosa em consultórios e instituições de saúde, visando contribuir para a área de relações de gênero. / This thesis sought to understand the separation from a love relationship as experienced by middle-aged women related to the individuation process through experiential group work in the focus of Analytical Psychology. The method used in the research was qualitative, under a symbolic archetypal perspective. Eight group meetings were held with seven participants aged from forty to fifty-five who were undergoing separation from love relationships. Expressive resources, tales and myths were used in the group in order to favor the symbolic development. The material gathered showed a large diversity of experiences in relation to the loss, such as feelings of sadness, solitude, distress, anger, wishes of revenge, a feeling of emptiness and derangement. A common matter expressed by the participants was the feeling of loss of identity in the past relationship or as a result of the separation. It was identified that this loss was associated to unconscious contents projected in the partner and in the conjugality that had not yet rejoined their consciousness. It was verified that, in some cases, the identity was grounded on the symbiotic relationship had with the partner. To recognize the anger that was in the shadows of the relationship, to bring in the projections deposited in the partner and have to face solitude revealed to be opportunities of differentiation that are necessary for the individuation process. The referential of myths and tales was used in the understanding of the data, in order to establish some expansions and analogies. Some feminine archetypal standards were shown to be activated or neglected in the psyche of the participants: betrayal turned some women into an angry and vengeful Hera, while Aphrodite looked abandoned by the lack of interest for new relationships expressed by some participants. On the other hand, the separation constellated archetypes of more independent goddesses in some women who invest on their career and education. It was noted that the thematic of the descent to the underworld expressed in the myths of Inanna and Core-Persephone was constellated on the depressive life experience of some participants, a necessary experience for the elaboration of mourning and rooting into their feminine Self, symbolized by the meeting with the dark goddess repressed in the patriarchal culture. The experiential group was shown to be efficient to favor the elaboration of mourning for the loss of their love mate through the creation of a ritual space, allowing the constellation of a new coniunctio. The expressive resources and tales and myths used facilitated the symbolic expression and mobilized the healing forces of the psyche to start the healing of the wounds caused by the loss. The group demonstrated an appropriation of their own trajectories of life, allowing them to take responsibility for the individuation process. New studies are suggested, as well as the development of experiential group work with women and man to handle the separation from love relationships in clinical settings and health institutions, seeking to contribute to the gender relationship area.
8

Comportamento infantil, separação conjugal e habilidades sociais educativas parentais /

Villas Boas, Ana Carolina Villares Barral. January 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Alessandra Turini Bolsoni-Silva / Banca: Edna Maria Marturano / Banca: Olga Maria Piazentim Rolim Rodrigues / Resumo: A literatura sobre a separação conjugal tem documentado uma série de consequências negativas da separação para o desenvolvimento dos filhos, como a emergência de problemas de comportamento. Porém, as pesquisas também evidenciam que nem todas as crianças são igualmente afetadas pela separação dos pais e que não é a separação em si que pode trazer consequências negativas, mas outras variáveis a ela relacionadas, como as práticas educativas parentais. Pesquisadores sugerem que, quando os pais que têm a guarda da criança são capazes de prover um ambiente de cuidado positivo, podem prevenir o surgimento de problemas de comportamento e favorecer o desenvolvimento de um repertório socialmente habilidoso, sugerindo que muito do que a criança aprende está relacionado às habilidades sociais educativas parentais (HSE-P). Esse estudo teve por objetivo: a) descrever o comportamento de filhos de pais separados em idade pré-escolar quanto à existência de problemas de comportamento e de comportamentos socialmente habilidosos; b) descrever as habilidades sociais educativas parentais e investigar possíveis relações com o comportamento infantil; c) caracterizar o relacionamento da família com o pai da criança, após a separação conjugal. Participaram da pesquisa 43 mães separadas com crianças de ambos os sexos (26 meninos e 17 meninas), na faixa etária entre quatro e seis anos. As mães responderam a um Questionário Sociodemográfico... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Studies about marital separation have documented several negative consequences of separation to child's development, such as behavior problems. However, researchers also have found evidence that not all children are affected by parental separation, and that it's not the separation itself that produces deleterious effects, but others variables as parental practices. Researchers suggest that when a custodial parent can provide a positive parenting environment they can prevent behavior problems and contribute to the development of social skills, linking child's behavior to parental social educational skills (HSE-P). The present study aimed to describe preschool children's behavior problems and social skills after theirs parents' separation, maternal HSE-P and its relations to child's behavior, and characterize nonresident fathers' relationship with the family. The sample includec 43 separated mothers and their preschool children aged 4-6. Mothers answered a Social-Demographic Questionnaire, an interview about the HSE-P, and about the relationship with the Ex-Partner, Rutter's ECI A2 and a Social Skills Responses Questionnaire. Results demonstrated that most children presented evidence of behavior problems but also of social skills. Mothers reported the frequent use of coercion to express negative feelings, promote consequences for undesirable behaviors and establish rules to their children, which in turn reacted presenting mostly behaviors problems. Despite coercive interactions, mothers and children also engaged in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
9

A criança e as relações parentais no contexto da separação conjugal: um estudo de caso / Child and parental relationships in the marital separation context: a case study

Fritsch, Caroline de Abreu Prola 29 April 2016 (has links)
This present study aimed to investigate the comprehension and the fantasies of children related to the marital separation from their parents, contextualizing them with the established parental relationship. Therefore, a qualitative exploratory study was taken, the research was done by a study of multiple cases with three families having children of six years old, and whose parents have been divorced for not longer than two years, at the moment of this research. In order to collect the data with the children, the following projective tests were used: Fables Test – pictorial version and the procedure of Family Cartoons with Stories. The parents were individually interviewed for a Sociodemographic Data Interview and Interview about Marital Separation and Children. The main reference while examining the data was the content analysis. Based on the data received, it was possible to perceive differences on the perception of the children towards the meaning that parental relationships took on the postdivorce context. Two participants stated that parents were destined a position characterized by affection, whilst three of them said the mother had a conflictive position. In such way, on this study, on the eyes of the child the mother figure was understood by the children as source of safety, replacing the care. Related to the fantasies of the children on their parents post-divorce scenario, the fantasy of aggression dislocated to the environment prevailed and the fantasy of family aggression as well. There could be also pointed the fantasies of abandonment and death, showing the impact of the children in relation to the marital separation. It could be comprehended that the possible consequences for the children who had its parents separated are shown through emotional disorder, yet, the quality of the affection among the parents figure and the children acts as a mediator when great changes are faced, in the case of a separation, characterizing the emotional disorder of the children as temporary or expected to the moment of crisis the family experienced. In this way, it is emphasized the need of listening to the children on the marital separation process, enabling a space for distress, doubts and fantasies to be freely expressed. Even though there is connection, affection, and concern from the parents the marital separation occurrence can make the children feel fear and anxiety, since they are found in a situation passive over happenings prior to the decision of separation. / O presente estudo objetivou investigar a compreensão e as fantasias das crianças acerca da separação conjugal de seus pais, contextualizando-as nas relações parentais estabelecidas. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo exploratório qualitativo composto por um estudo de casos múltiplos com três famílias de crianças com seis anos, cujos pais estavam separados conjugalmente há no máximo dois anos, no momento da pesquisa. Para o levantamento de dados com as crianças, foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos projetivos: Teste das Fábulas – versão pictórica e o procedimento de Desenhos de Família com Estórias. Os pais foram acessados individualmente para uma Entrevista de Dados Sociodemográficos e uma Entrevista sobre a Separação Conjugal e os Filhos. A referência central na análise dos dados foi a análise de conteúdo. Com base nos dados, foi possível perceber diferenças na percepção das crianças a respeito dos significados que as relações parentais assumiram no contexto do pós-divórcio. Para dois dos participantes, aos pais foi destinada uma posição caracterizada pela afetividade, ao passo que para três deles a figura das mães ocupava uma posição de conflito. De modo singular, neste estudo, para uma criança a figura materna foi compreendida pelos filhos como continente, ocupando o lugar do cuidado. Com relação às fantasias das crianças no contexto pós-divórcio de seus pais, foram predominantes a fantasia de agressão deslocada para o ambiente e a fantasia de agregação familiar. Foram presentes também as fantasias de abandono e de morte, sinalizando o impacto da separação conjugal para os filhos. Entende-se que as possíveis repercussões para a criança da separação dos pais podem se manifestar através de desorganizações emocionais, no entanto a qualidade do apego entre as figuras parentais e as crianças atua como mediadora no momento de grandes mudanças, que se constitui a separação, caracterizando a desorganização emocional da criança como transitória ou esperada para o momento de crise que a família vivenciou. Desta forma, ressalta-se a necessidade de realizar uma escuta da criança no processo de separação dos pais, viabilizando um espaço para vazão de angústias, dúvidas e fantasias. Uma vez que mesmo com o envolvimento, afeto e preocupação dos pais o evento da separação conjugal pode gerar medo e ansiedade na criança, pois ela se encontra em uma posição passiva sobre os eventos posteriores à decisão de separação.
10

Separação amorosa e individuação feminina: uma abordagem em grupo de mulheres no enfoque da psicologia analítica / Separation from love relationships and womens individuation: an approach into a group of women in the focus of the Analytical Psychology

Silvana Parisi 22 May 2009 (has links)
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a compreensão da separação amorosa vivenciada pela mulher de meia idade relacionada ao processo de individuação através de um trabalho realizado em grupo vivencial sob o enfoque da Psicologia Analítica. O método utilizado na pesquisa foi qualitativo sob a perspectiva simbólico arquetípica. Foram realizados oito encontros de grupo com sete participantes na faixa etária de quarenta a cinqüenta e cinco anos que estavam vivenciando uma separação amorosa. No grupo foram utilizados recursos expressivos, contos e mitos para favorecer a elaboração simbólica. A partir do material coletado observou-se uma grande diversidade de experiências em relação à perda como sentimentos de tristeza, solidão, desamparo, raiva, desejos de vingança, sensação de vazio e desorganização. Um tema comum manifestado pelas participantes foi a sensação de perda de identidade no relacionamento anterior ou em decorrência da separação. Identificou-se que esta perda estava associada a conteúdos inconscientes projetados no parceiro e na conjugalidade que ainda não haviam sido reintegrados à consciência. Verificou-se que em alguns casos a identidade estava alicerçada no vínculo simbiótico mantido com o parceiro. Reconhecer a raiva que estava na sombra do relacionamento, recolher as projeções depositadas no parceiro e ter que enfrentar a solidão se revelaram como oportunidades de diferenciação necessárias ao processo de individuação. Na compreensão dos dados, foi utilizado o referencial de mitos e contos para estabelecer algumas amplificações e analogias. Alguns padrões arquetípicos femininos mostraram estar ativados ou negligenciados na psique das participantes: a traição acionou uma Hera raivosa e vingativa em algumas mulheres, enquanto Afrodite parecia abandonada pelo desinteresse manifestado por algumas participantes para novos relacionamentos. Por outro lado a separação constelou arquétipos de deusas mais independentes em algumas mulheres que investem em trabalho e estudos. Observou-se que a temática da descida ao mundo inferior expressa nos mitos de Inana e de Core-Perséfone era constelada na vivência depressiva de algumas participantes, uma experiência necessária à elaboração do luto e ao enraizamento no Self feminino simbolizado pelo encontro com a deusa escura reprimida na cultura patriarcal. O grupo vivencial se mostrou eficaz para favorecer a elaboração do luto pela perda amorosa através da criação de um espaço ritual, permitindo a constelação de uma nova coniunctio. Os recursos expressivos e os contos e mitos utilizados facilitaram a expressão simbólica das participantes e mobilizaram as forças curativas da psique para iniciar a cicatrização das feridas ocasionadas pela perda. Constatou-se no grupo uma apropriação da própria trajetória de vida possibilitando assumir a responsabilidade pelo processo de individuação. São sugeridos novos estudos e o desenvolvimento de trabalhos em grupos vivenciais de mulheres e também de homens para lidar com a separação amorosa em consultórios e instituições de saúde, visando contribuir para a área de relações de gênero. / This thesis sought to understand the separation from a love relationship as experienced by middle-aged women related to the individuation process through experiential group work in the focus of Analytical Psychology. The method used in the research was qualitative, under a symbolic archetypal perspective. Eight group meetings were held with seven participants aged from forty to fifty-five who were undergoing separation from love relationships. Expressive resources, tales and myths were used in the group in order to favor the symbolic development. The material gathered showed a large diversity of experiences in relation to the loss, such as feelings of sadness, solitude, distress, anger, wishes of revenge, a feeling of emptiness and derangement. A common matter expressed by the participants was the feeling of loss of identity in the past relationship or as a result of the separation. It was identified that this loss was associated to unconscious contents projected in the partner and in the conjugality that had not yet rejoined their consciousness. It was verified that, in some cases, the identity was grounded on the symbiotic relationship had with the partner. To recognize the anger that was in the shadows of the relationship, to bring in the projections deposited in the partner and have to face solitude revealed to be opportunities of differentiation that are necessary for the individuation process. The referential of myths and tales was used in the understanding of the data, in order to establish some expansions and analogies. Some feminine archetypal standards were shown to be activated or neglected in the psyche of the participants: betrayal turned some women into an angry and vengeful Hera, while Aphrodite looked abandoned by the lack of interest for new relationships expressed by some participants. On the other hand, the separation constellated archetypes of more independent goddesses in some women who invest on their career and education. It was noted that the thematic of the descent to the underworld expressed in the myths of Inanna and Core-Persephone was constellated on the depressive life experience of some participants, a necessary experience for the elaboration of mourning and rooting into their feminine Self, symbolized by the meeting with the dark goddess repressed in the patriarchal culture. The experiential group was shown to be efficient to favor the elaboration of mourning for the loss of their love mate through the creation of a ritual space, allowing the constellation of a new coniunctio. The expressive resources and tales and myths used facilitated the symbolic expression and mobilized the healing forces of the psyche to start the healing of the wounds caused by the loss. The group demonstrated an appropriation of their own trajectories of life, allowing them to take responsibility for the individuation process. New studies are suggested, as well as the development of experiential group work with women and man to handle the separation from love relationships in clinical settings and health institutions, seeking to contribute to the gender relationship area.

Page generated in 0.5178 seconds