The aim of the diploma thesis is the simulation of air valves and difusers using CFD. The goal of this thesis is to determinate the type of air valve and diffusor, which would ventilate the room of a detached house the best – considering the speed of the airflow and the age of the air. Outcome of this work is the design of the air conditioning system for a detached house with application of the air valve and difuser which is evaluated as the ideal option for the ventilation in the room.

This diploma thesis presents a design of an emergency ventilator machine used in specialized hospital departments. Aim of the thesis was to evaluate the knowledge resulting from the analysis of current products and apply this knowledge in the final solution. The new conceptual design is focused on improving the continuity of the body of the ventilator with the respect to the stand part and the unification of the aesthetic aspect of the medical device while considering ergonomic and technological parameters.

Introduction: The number of patients dependent on prolonged mechanical ventilation is still increasing (Chau et al., 2017). Once the child's condition is stabilized, it is possible for him to be discharged to home care and transferred to a home mechanical ventilator. The care of this patients is very difficult, therefore, it is important to prepare family caregivers on all necessary care (Borought a Dougherty, 2016). The aim of thesis: The aim of this thesis was to find out what is included in the educational process in intensive care unit. Secondarily, to get opinion of caregivers on the quality of the education process and finally to present problems, that family caregivers face at home. Methodology: The research was based on the qualitative study. Data collection was conducted by semi-structured interviews with family caregivers, who take care of children on home mechanical ventilation. A total of 9 respondents participated in the research survey. Data analysis was performed in open coding steps followed by categorization and subcategorizations. Result: The research identified important aspects about the education of family caregivers. We found that caregivers perceive the education very positively. However, they also met with several problems - lack of staff time to educate them in hospital, or...

The main reason for choosing the topic of study, is an increasing number of long-term ventilator-dependent patients undergoing weaning proces from artificial pulmonary ventilation at intensive care units. The content of the chapters include anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system, pathophysiology and some diseases associated with the ventilator-dependence. Also, the development and charakteristics of the OCHRIP - NIP and DIOP, the weaning procedure and the role of the nurses in the weaning proces. This study presents goals and hypothesis of investigation, as well as a variety of methodologies used. The study presents two aims of the research. Firstly, to map the experience and knowledge of nurses when disconnecting patients from artificial lung ventilation. Secondly, to find out how nurses perceive the care of these patients, including their view on the possibilities for further development of weaning process care. The research was carried out at ARO, ICU, NIP and DIOP bed units at five hospitals and two faculties of Intensive Care. It involved an anonymous questionnaire of 147 respondents (nurses) and students. The main finding of the research is that nurses have sufficient knowledge and experience in weaning from mechanical ventilation, notwithstanding they underestimate their own...

Despite the advantages of using NIV, healthcare professionals are not in agreement about precisely when to commence NIV (Elliott, Confalonieri& Nava 2002:1159; Lightowler, Wedzicha, Elliott&Ram 2003: [4]; Garpestad &Hill 2006:147), which adds to the underutilisation of NIV. The aim of this study was to collaboratively develop a clinical pathway for NIV. Two main objectives were identified, namely (i) to identify the components of a clinical pathway for NIV, and (ii) to develop a clinical pathway for NIV that can be implemented in the CCU. The research design utilised for this study was qualitative, contextual, explorative and descriptive in nature. The study consisted of three phases, namely Phase 1: Components of the clinical pathway, Phase 2: Literature control, and Phase 3: Development of the clinical pathway. The objectives of the study were met, and a clinical pathway for NIV was developed. / Dissertation (MCur)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Nursing Science / unrestricted

Oxygen supplementation has been an important part of respiratory failure treatment in all fields of clinical medicine, especially on intensive care units (hereinafter referred to as ICU). Oxygen therapy is a life-saving measure but indiscriminate administration of oxygen can cause lung and nerve damage and consequently increase morbidity and mortality (1). In clinical practice we often encounter mechanically ventilated patients with high partial pressures of oxygen in arterial blood (5) which should direct our attention to possible consequences and have reliable data how is oxygen treatment managed. This thesis focuses on the exposure to toxic concentrations of oxygen on the resuscitation ward. The aim of this thesis is to determine whether patients are exposed to high concentrations of oxygen. Two other aims of this study are to find out how long are patients in a state of hyperoxemia and whether medical staff reacts to measured partial pressures of oxygen (hereinafter referred to as paO2) values in these patients by reducing oxygen fraction (hereinafter referred to as FiO2) on the ventilator. The research part of this thesis is a quantitative observational retrospective research. The inclusion criteria were hospital admission from 1st July to 1st October 2019, at least two paO2 values greater...

Background: Mechanical ventilation and sedation are common in intensive care and can be stressful for the patient as many experience physical and mental complications such as delirium. Nurses in intensive care play an important role in assessing the need for pain relief and sedation. The care environment and communication opportunities are also factors that affect patients' experiences. Aim: The aim of the study was to make patients' experiences of having been mechanically ventilated and/or sedated in an intensive care unit visible. Method: A literature study was chosen to get a picture of the current state of knowledge. Based on a thematic analysis method 15 articles were analyzed. Results: The analysis resulted in the following themes: physical and mental reactions with the subtheme fear/anxiety and pain, the importance of the environment with the subtheme security and communication and memories with the subtheme confusion and dreams. Conclusion: It is a difficult experience to be mechanically ventilated and/or sedated in an intensive care unit. Communication difficulties were a prominent experience that affected many patients. Continued research: Continued research is necessary in the subject matter of the study. There is also a need for research on the care environment and communication aids for intensive care patients. / Bakgrund: Mekanisk ventilation och sedering är vanligt förekommande inom intensivvården och kan vara påfrestande för patienten då många upplever fysiska och psykiska komplikationer som till exempel delirium. Specialistsjuksköterskor inom intensivvård har en viktig roll vid bedömning av behov av smärtlindring och sedering. Även vårdmiljö och kommunikationsmöjligheter är faktorer som påverkar patienters upplevelser. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att synliggöra patienters upplevelser av att ha varit mekaniskt ventilerade och/eller sederade på en intensivvårdsavdelning. Metod: En litteraturstudie valdes för att få en bild av det aktuella kunskapsläget. Utifrån tematisk analysmetod analyserades 15 artiklar. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i följande teman: fysiska och psykiska reaktioner med subtema rädsla/ångest och smärta, omgivningens betydelse med subtema trygghet och kommunikation samt minnen med subtema förvirring och drömmar. Slutsats: Det är en svår upplevelse att vara mekaniskt ventilerad och/eller sederad på en intensivvårdsavdelning. Kommunikationssvårigheter var en framträdande upplevelse som påverkade många patienter. Fortsatt forskning: Fortsatt forskning är nödvändig inom ämnet som studien berör. Det finns även behov av forskning kring vårdmiljön samt kommunikationshjälpmedel för intensivvårdspatienter.

Bakgrund: Att vårda intensivvårdspatienter som genomgår respiratorbehandling utan eller med lättare sedering börjar alltmer bli vanligare på intensivvårdsavdelningarna. Anledningen till varför denna behandlingstyp blir vanligare är för att minska på komplikationer som sederingen kan medföra. Patienternas upplevelser är av stor vikt då deras upplevelser tidigare har redovisats enbart ett fåtal gånger och kräver ständig uppdatering. Ramverket Fundamentals of Care och integrerad vård har varit utgångspunkten i litteraturöversikten.  Syfte: Att belysa intensivvårdspatienters upplevelser under respiratorbehandling utan eller med lättare sedering. Metod: En beskrivande litteraturöversikt med en systematisk ansats har utförts. Elva artiklar, varav sju var kvalitativa och fyra av mixad metod, av hög och medelhög kvalitet som svarade på syftet har utgjort analysenheterna. Analysen av artiklarna är baserad på kvalitativ innehållsanalys.  Huvudresultat: Fyra huvudfynd har tagits fram; smärta och obehag, vikten av delaktighet och vårdpersonalens närvaro, kommunikationshinder och stöd samt en främmande situation vilka belyser några av de upplevelser som intensivvårdspatienterna hade från intensivvårdstiden.  Slutsats: Mer tekniska och avancerade kommunikationshjälpmedel behövs för en förbättrad kommunikation och det är viktigt att göra patienten delaktig i sin vård. Smärta och obehag behöver generellt lindras mer och närstående är viktiga för intensivvårdspatienten. En bättre fysisk, psykosocial och relationell hälsa kan gynnas av mer positiva upplevelser från intensivvårdstiden. Fortsatt forskning inom omvårdnad anses vara viktigt och bör utvecklas om intensivvårdspatienter ska kunna få bättre upplevelser av att genomgå respiratorbehandling och vara utan eller med lättare sedering. / Background: Caring for intensive care patients undergoing mechanical ventilation without or with light sedation is becoming more common in the intensive care units. The reason is to reduce the complications that sedation can cause. Patients' experiences are of great importance and have previously been reported a few times and require constant update. The literature review is based on the framework Fundamentals of Care and integration of care. Purpose: To elucidate intensive care patients' experiences during mechanical ventilation without or with light sedation. Method: A descriptive literature review with a systematic approach has been conducted. Eleven articles constituted the analytical units. The analysis of the articles is based on qualitative content analysis. Main results: Four main findings have emerged; pain and discomfort, the importance of participation and the presence of care staff, communication barriers and support as well as an unfamiliar situation that highlights some of the experiences that the intensive care patients had from the intensive care period. Conclusion: More technical and advanced communication tools are needed for improved communication and it is important to involve the patient in their care. More relief is generally needed for pain and discomfort and relatives are important for the intensive care patient. Better physical, psychosocial and relational health can benefit from more positive experiences from the intensive care period. Continued research in nursing care is considered important and should be developed if intensive care patients should be able to have better experiences of undergoing respiratory therapy and be without or with light sedation.

The aim of this master project is to design café and roastery building in Brno - Líšeň. There are three parts, documentation for building permission, conception of HVAC documentation and facility management study. The building has three floors: basement with storage and utility rooms, ground floor with a café, coffee shop and roastery and first floor with a barista training room, offices and a roof garden with a terrace. Outside, there is an outdoor seating, children’s playground and a parking lot for customers and staff. The vertical loadbearing structures are designed from ceramic blocks and permanent formwork. The horizontal loadbearing structures are designed as cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs and beams. There are three staircases in the building, one is designed from steel and the other two from cast-in-place reinforced concrete. The building is insulated with expanded polystyrene panels. The foundations are cast-in-place concrete strips. There are solar panels situated on the flat roof over the first floor. The building has mechanical ventilation with heat recovery. There is an underground tank for collecting rainwater that is used for toilet flushing and watering the garden. For heating and DHW there are two gas boilers, for cooling there is a VRV system.

No description available.