Orientador: João Mauricio Rosario / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T23:01:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_Edgardde_M.pdf: 7963603 bytes, checksum: 2367f527033215563011ba0f4b968d03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo:Através da integração de conhecimentos nas diferentes áreas de engenharia, física, matemática e computação, surgiu uma ciência multidisciplinar denominada mecatrônica. Com o rápido avanço das tecnologias e a crescente demanda por soluções que as acompanhem, criou-se uma necessidade no mercado tecnológico de reduzir o tempo de implementação de um projeto através da utilização de ferramentas de prototipagem rápida que permitissem a integração de conhecimentos e implementação do ciclo em V de desenvolvimento de um produto em ambiente virtual. O objetivo do presente trabalho é a apresentação de metodologias de Prototipagem Rápida de Dispositivos Mecatrônicos com ênfase em Instrumentação Virtual, através de ambiente voltado à capacitação e desenvolvimento de projetos na área de automação industrial, onde os principais conceitos possam ser verificados e posteriormente implementados e validados através de problemas industriais, fornecendo subsídios para a análise e estratégias para concepção destas aplicações / Abstract: Through the integration of knowledge in the different areas of engineering, physics, mathematics and computation had appeared a science to multidiscipline called mecatronic. With the fast advance of the technologies and the increasing demand for solutions follow that them, created a necessity in the technological market to reduce the time of implementation of a project being originated tools of fast prototyping that they allowed to the integration of knowledge and implementation of the cycle in V of development of a product in virtual environment. The objetive of this work is the presentation of methodologies Rapid Prototyping of Mechatronics Systems based in Virtual Instrumentation, through environment facing the training and development of projects in the area of industrial Automation, can be checked and subsequently implemented and validated in practice, providing subsidies for the analysis and strategies for design of these applications / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

The thesis explores sustainable development of a company focusing on PLM system in the environment of an industrial company. In the theoretical part the lifecycle of a product (PLM) is described as well as its demands and benefits focusing on the area of mechatronics. The following analysis of current IT environment gives information which is used as the basis for adjustments of the current system in a way to eliminate narrow places of the slim production of the company, avoid wasting and achieve sustainable development of the company while using current technologies.

This thesis deals with the design of a lecture model of an inverse pendulum controled by a flywheel, which is a system of an unstable beam with an electromotor and a reaction wheel at its end. The moment of motor acting on the flywheel also causes a moment acting on the beam, which is the way the system is controled. The device works connected to a personal computer.

This work deals with possibilities of use of linear Hall sensors which are made as integrated circuit for construction of absolute sensors of position and rotary position. Hall sensors with permanent magnets allow a smaller construction. In this work there is described a design and solution of absolute linear sensor of position for linear drive of Stewart's platform and absolute sensors of rotary position for robotic manipulator Mini-swing. Use of these sensors adds many advantages, primary minimal size and high resolution.

Mit dieser sechsten Auflage der Tagung MECHATRONIK 2011 verbindet sich neben dem 10-jährigen Tagungsjubiläum (die erste Tagung fand im Jahre 2001 statt) auch gleichzeitig eine Premiere. Nachdem die ersten fünf Tagungen erfolgreich unter den Fittichen des VDI bzw. des VDI-Wissensforums stattgefunden hatten, beginnt das zweite MECHATRONIK-Dezennium in einem geänderten Format und mit neuen Verantwortlichkeiten und wird dennoch die bewährten Traditionen der deutschsprachigen Mechatronik-Fachgemeinde weiter pflegen. Academia trifft Industrie — Mechatronik und mechatronische Produkte sind seit jeher geprägt durch die Verknüpfung von interdisziplinärem methodenorientierten Wissen und nutzerorientierter Produktgestaltung. Diese Verknüpfung bildet sich höchst erfolgreich speziell in der deutschsprachigen Mechatronik-Fachgemeinde ab, nicht zuletzt deshalb haben deutsche Mechatronikprodukte weltweit eine exzellente Marktpräsenz. Diese enge Verzahnung ist aber ebenso im Tagungsgeschehen etabliert, wo seit vielen Jahren, im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Ländern und internationalen Tagungen, eine gute Balance zwischen Teilnehmern aus Hochschulen und Industrie gegeben ist. Dies trifft auch auf die MECHATRONIK 2011 zu, mit 47 (70 %) Beiträgen aus Hochschulen und 20 (30 %) Beiträgen aus der Industrie bzw. Industriebeteiligung. Academia trifft Industrie — Dieser Sachverhalt wird zukünftig auch ganz transparent an den Tagungsorten und dem Tagungsumfeld sichtbar sein. Ab diesem Jahr 2011 wird die Organisation und Ausrichtung durch akademische Tagungsveranstalter durchgeführt werden. Die bisherigen wissenschaftlichen Tagungsleiter Prof. Burkhard Corves (Rheinisch- Westfälische Technische Hochschule - RWTH Aachen) und Prof. Klaus Janschek (Technische Universität Dresden) werden zukünftig gemeinsam mit Prof. Torsten Bertram (Technische Universität Dortmund) für die Ausrichtung und Durchführung verantwortlich zeichnen. Als Veranstaltungsort sind entsprechende Räumlichkeiten an den beteiligten Universitäten geplant (2011 in Dresden, 2013 in Aachen, 2015 in Dortmund). Neben einer Kostenersparnis erwarten sich die Veranstalter durch das gegenüber Kongresszentren doch intimere Umfeld einen lebendigen Gedankenaustausch zwischen Wissenschaftlern, Industrievertretern und nicht zuletzt mit dem wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs. Speziell Studierenden soll damit ein einfacherer Zugang in die Welt des wissenschaftlichen Diskurses mit Experten aus der Industrie und Praxis ermöglicht werden. Academia trifft Industrie — Eine Stärke der bisherigen MECHATRONIK-Tagungen war immer die breite fachliche Verankerung durch die verantwortliche Trägerschaft der VDI-Gesellschaft Produkt- und Prozessgestaltung (VDI-GPP) und VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik (VDI/VDEGMA). Im Selbstverständnis dieser Fachgesellschaften spielt die Bereitstellung von Kommunikationsplattformen zwischen Hochschulen und Industrie eine zentrale Rolle. In den verschiedenen Fachausschüssen von VDI-GPP und VDI/VDE-GMA findet dieser Meinungs- und Informationsaustausch regelmäßig statt. Um eine breitere Fachöffentlichkeit in diese Diskussionen einzubeziehen, ist eine gemeinsame Tagung zum Thema Mechatronik eine logische und fruchtbare Konsequenz. Auch zukünftig wird der enge fachliche und institutionelle Kontakt der Tagung MECAHTRONIK zu den Fachgesellschaften aufgrund der personellen Verankerung der Tagungsveranstalter in den Fachgesellschaften VDI-GPP und VDI/VDE-GMA erhalten bleiben. Das Tagungsprogramm 2011 bietet ein breit gefächertes Angebot an aktuellen und innovativen Fragestellungen zur Mechatronik: mechatronische Produkte, Serienfertigung mechatronischer Produkte, Ressourceneffizienz, Nutzerfreundlichkeit und Akzeptanz, Entwicklungsmethoden und -werkzeuge sowie innovative Konzepte.

Several industrial sectors experience an increased reliance on mechatronic systems as electronics and software are being embedded into the traditional mechanical systems of these industries. Important challenges within mechatronics engineering comes from management of multi-disciplinary development project teams and the highly complex scope of problems, which in turn require extensive coordination and integration, both in terms of technical and organisational matters. The concept of cross-functional integration in product development research has in previous research mainly addressed integration of the functions marketing, R&D, and manufacturing, and whereas the present thesis is delimited to include only the R&D organization and the functions and engineering disciplines within such an organization. The purpose with thesis has been to investigate mechatronics engineering in order to understand and explain how co-operation, integration, and knowledge sharing between engineering disciplines can be supported. This research has been realized by empirical studies in mechatronic development settings in engineering companies, but also by taking part in industrial and academic research projects that develop and study computer-aided mechatronics engineering. Findings presented in this thesis show that mechatronics is a matter of integration at three organizational levels where the most substantial needs are found to be at the team-level and the individual level. Furthermore, it is identified that to be able to succeed in mechatronics engineering, managers and engineers must look beyond disciplinary needs. Subsequently, both teamwork and competence management become key issues for management of mechatronics engineering. Finally, computer-supported and model-based development of mechatronics show great potential for successful integration of engineering disciplines, even though such technological aids are still rather immature and needs further research and development. A tentative analysis model of organizational integration for mechatronics engineering is also presented and discussed in this thesis. Based on the presented findings, it is concluded that companies incorporating electronics and software in their mechanical products must effectively manage software and electronics development of these embedded systems. Despite the focus on cross-functional integration in engineering companies, this thesis shows examples of inadequate integration of software and electronics engineering with mechanical integration in organisations dominated by the latter. Future research studies are needed to investigate the relation between factors influencing the need for organizational integration and potential integration mechanisms. To further understand mechatronics engineering it is important to look deeper into research issues such as changed conditions for the engineering profession implied by multidisciplinary settings, social systems supporting integration of disciplines, changed work conditions due to implementation of technological aids for model-based system development, relationship between product and organizational complexity, organizational designs supporting integration of engineering disciplines, and cross-disciplinary training of highly specialized engineers. / QC 20101123

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering in the Control Research Group School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Johannesburg, 2017 / In this research, we observed a torque-related limitation in the swing-up control of underactuated mechanical systems which had been integrated with viscous damping in the unactuated joint. The objective of this research project was thus to develop a practical work-around solution to this limitation. The nth order underactuated robotic system is represented in this research as a collection of compounded pendulums with n-1 actuators placed at each joint with the exception of the first joint. This system is referred to as the PAn-1 robot (Passive first joint, followed by n-1 Active joints), with the Acrobot (PA1 robot) and the PAA robot (or PA2 robot) being among the most well-known examples. A number of friction models exist in literature, which include, and are not exclusive to, the Coulomb and the Stribeck effect models, but the viscous damping model was selected for this research since it is more extensively covered in existing literature. The effectiveness of swing-up control using Lyapunov’s direct method when applied on the undamped PAn-1 robot has been vigorously demonstrated in existing literature, but there is no literature that discusses the swing-up control of viscously damped systems. We show, however, that the application of satisfactory swing-up control using Lyapunov’s direct method is constrained to underactuated systems that are either undamped or actively damped (viscous damping integrated into the actuated joints only). The violation of this constraint results in the derivation of a torque expression that cannot be solved for (invertibility problem, for systems described by n > 2) or a torque expression which contains a conditional singularity (singularity problem, for systems with n = 2). This constraint is formally summarised as the matched damping condition, and highlights a clear limitation in the Lyapunov-related swing-up control of underactuated mechanical systems. This condition has significant implications on the practical realisation of the swing-up control of underactuated mechanical systems, which justifies the investigation into the possibility of a work-around. We thus show that the limitation highlighted by the matched damping condition can be overcome through the implementation of the partial feedback linearisation (PFL) technique. Two key contributions are generated from this research as a result, which iii include the gain selection criterion (for Traditional Collocated PFL), and the convergence algorithm (for noncollocated PFL). The gain selection criterion is an analytical solution that is composed of a set of inequalities that map out a geometric region of appropriate gains in the swing-up gain space. Selecting a gain combination within this region will ensure that the fully-pendent equilibrium point (FPEP) is unstable, which is a necessary condition for swing-up control when the system is initialised near the FPEP. The convergence algorithm is an experimental solution that, once executed, will provide information about the distal pendulum’s angular initial condition that is required to swing-up a robot with a particular angular initial condition for the proximal pendulum, along with the minimum gain that is required to execute the swing-up control in this particular configuration. Significant future contributions on this topic may result from the inclusion of more complex friction models. Additionally, the degree of actuation of the system may be reduced through the implementation of energy storing components, such as torsional springs, at the joint. In summary, we present two contributions in the form of the gain selection criterion and the convergence algorithm which accommodate the circumnavigation of the limitation formalised as the matched damping condition. This condition pertains to the Lyapunov-related swing-up control of underactuated mechanical systems that have been integrated with viscous damping in the unactuated joint. / CK2018

Detta är ett kandidatexamensarbete i mekatronik där ett elektroniskt hänglås med Bluetooth designas, konstrueras och utvärderas. Forskningsfrågorna som besvaras lyder enligt följande: Hur kan de mekaniska delarna utformas och integreras med elektroniken för en enkel och pålitlig konstruktion av ett elektroniskt hänglås? Vilka användningsområden är fördelaktiga för ett elektroniskt hänglås med Bluetooth? En prototyp av hänglåset designas i CAD och produceras sedan med hjälp av 3D-printing. Den elektroniska kretsen styrs av en Arduino Nano, som kontrollerar en servomotor, vilken i sin tur vrider låsmekanismen. Tester utförs på prototypens batteritid, Bluetooth-räckvidd och mekanism. Testerna visar att prototypen har en batteritid på 27 timmar, en- Bluetooth-räckvidd på 8 meter och en mekanism som fungerar felfritt. Utöver detta identifieras en rad brister angående låsets säkerhet och funktionalitet. Således visar undersökningen att ett elektroniskt hänglås med Bluetooth-funktion kan konstrueras på ett enkelt och pålitligt sätt, men slutsatsen dras att dess användnings områden begränsas tilllåsning under korta perioder där bekvämlighet är högre prioriterat än säkerhet. / This is a bachelor’s thesis in mechatronics where an electronic padlock is designed, constructed and evaluated. The research questions for the thesis are: How can the mechanical parts be designed and integrated with the electronics to create a simple and reliable construction of an electronic padlock? What use cases are advantageous for an electronic padlock using Bluetooth? A prototype of the padlock is designed in CAD and produced using 3D-printing. The electronic circuit is controlled by an Arduino Nano, which controls a servo motor, which in turn operates the locking mechanism. Tests are conducted on the prototype's battery, Bluetooth-range and mechanism. The tests show that the prototype has a battery-life of 27 hours, a Bluetooth range of 8 meters and a mechanism that works without fail. Additionally a number of fl aws are identified with the prototype, both regarding its security and functionality. The research thus shows that an electronic padlock using Bluetooth is possible to create in a simple and reliable way, but the conclusion is drawn that its use cases are limited to locking things during short periods, where user comfort is prioritized above security.

This project aimed to create a prototype of a self stabilising and body borne table. The prototype was constructed by first building a CAD-model and doing a simulation of the entire system. This provided a ground for doing a physical construction. An Arduino Uno was used as a microcontroller that sent signals to two servo motors based on data from an accelerometer. This way, as the system was tilted to one side, the motors would compensate for this and put the table horizontal again. The purpose of the report was to examine how a multiaxial system could be controlled and how a plane can be stabilised based on the fact that a plane is made up of three points in space. Additionally, another purpose was to see how a simulation differs from a physical prototype and why. The constructed prototype worked as intended and gave similar results as the simulation, although with minor differences due to the simulation being done in a perfect environment. Finally, the sources of the imperfections are discussed along with what future work needs to be done on the prototype if it were to become a product. / Detta projekt hade som mål att tillverka ett självstabiliserande och kroppsburet bord. Prototypen byggdes genom att först göra en modell i CAD samt en simulering av hela systemet. Detta gav en grund för att sedan kunna göra en fysisk konstruktion. En Arduino Uno användes som en mikrokontroller som skickade signaler till två stycken servomotorer baserat på data från en accelerometer. På detta sätt, när systemet lutades åt något håll kunde motorerna kompensera för detta och sätta bordet horisontellt igen. Målet med rapporten var att undersöka hur ett multiaxiellt system kunde styras samt hur ett plan kan stabiliseras baserat på att tre punkter i rymden utgör ett plan. Utöver det fanns också målet att se hur en simulering och en fysisk prototyp varierar och varför. Den byggda prototypen fungerade som planerat och gav liknande resultat till simulering, dock med små skillnader på grund av att simuleringen gjordes i ett perfekt tillstånd. Slutligen diskuterades felkällorna och vad som skulle behöva göras i framtiden om fortsatt arbete skulle göras på prototypen och förvandla den till en produkt.

This report describes the design and construction of a tilting platform for sorting household waste, limited to plastic, glass, and metal. The platform utilizes a capacitive sensor to identify if an object is placed on the platform, an inductive sensor to detect metal, and a load cell to differentiate between plastic and glass based on their weight difference. The load cell was found to be inaccurate due to sensitivity to physical changes in the environment and sensor placement, leading to inaccurate weight measurements. Relocating the sensors away from the load cell is recommended to improve accuracy. The platform tilts using to two servomotors, which makes the platform tilt in two degrees of freedom. This solution worked as thought out, except for the universal joint having poor quality, resulting in a wobbly motion. / Denna rapport beskriver designen och konstruktionen av en vippande plattform för sortering av hushållsavfall begränsat till plast, glas och metall. Plattformen använder en kapacitiv sensor för att identifiera om ett föremål placeras på den, en induktiv sensor för att detektera metall och en lastcell för att skilja mellan plast och glas baserat på deras viktskillnad. Lastcellen visade sig vara opålitlig på grund av dess känslighet för fysiska förändringar i miljön och placeringen av sensorerna, vilket ledde till felaktiga viktmätningar. Det rekommenderas att flytta sensorerna bort från lastcellen för att förbättra noggrannheten. Den lutande funktionen drivs av två servomotorer som var funktionell men hade en ostadig rörelse på grund av dåliga universal joints.