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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

DeterminaÃÃo de Cu Zn em camarÃes cultivados no litoral leste do Estado co Cearà / Determination of Cu and Zn in shrimp farms of the east coast of Cearà State

JanaÃna Andrade dos Santos 10 May 2005 (has links)
A preocupaÃÃo com a contaminaÃÃo de metais traÃo na carcinicultura tem levado a realizaÃÃo de estudos com o propÃsito de medir as concentraÃÃes de metais em espÃcies comerciais, avaliar nÃveis potencialmente perigosos para nutriÃÃo humana e fornecer suporte para monitoramento ambiental. A produÃÃo do camarÃo Litopenaeus vannamei vem crescendo em ritmo acelerado no Estado do CearÃ. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar a origem e a distribuiÃÃo de Cu e Zn em trÃs fazendas produtoras de camarÃo, localizadas no litoral leste do Estado do CearÃ, e o efeito da concentraÃÃo desses metais no desempenho zootÃcnico dos camarÃes. A concentraÃÃo de Cu e Zn em raÃÃes, outros insumos, sedimento, material em suspensÃo e camarÃo foi determinada por espectrofotometria de absorÃÃo atÃmica de chama convencional. Para a anÃlise da Ãgua utilizou-se a absorÃÃo atÃmica com forno de grafite. Nas raÃÃes as concentraÃÃes variaram de 13,1 a 79 μg/g e de 63,2 a 145,9 μg/g para Cu e Zn, respectivamente. A concentraÃÃo de Cu e Zn nos outros insumos variou de 0,7 a 3,3 μg/g e de 0,12 a 45,7 μg/g, respectivamente. Nos sedimentos dos viveiros as concentraÃÃes mÃdias de Cu foram de 16,5 e 10,3 μg/g e as de Zn foram 41,1 e 35,1 μg/g. No material em suspensÃo a concentraÃÃo de Cu variou de 38,4 a 66,8 μg/g e a de Zn nÃo foi detectÃvel. Na Ãgua a concentraÃÃo de Cu variou de 6,62 a 7,38 μg/l. No camarÃo as concentraÃÃes mÃdias de Cu variaram de 33,4 a 42,2 μg/g e de 74,0 a 87,2 μg/g no mÃsculo e no exoesqueleto, respectivamente, enquanto as concentraÃÃes de Zn variaram de 41,8 a 43,1 μg/g no mÃsculo e de 52,7 a 55,5 μg/g no exoesqueleto. O sistema de cultivo intensivo do L. vannamei pode funcionar como um acumulador de metais no sedimento provenientes da alimentaÃÃo, outros insumos e exÃvias. As concentraÃÃes de Cu e Zn nos camarÃes estÃo abaixo das concentraÃÃes mÃximas permitidas pela legislaÃÃo brasileira para consumo humano. Entretanto, foi observado que mecanismos de detoxificaÃÃo podem estar atuando nesses organismos, levando a crer que as concentraÃÃes a que estÃo expostos jà ultrapassam as necessidades de Cu para o metabolismo dos animais, podendo levar a uma diminuiÃÃo na taxa de crescimento desses camarÃes. / The concern with the contamination of heavy metals in farmed shrimp has led to studies with the purpose of measuring the concentration of heavy metals in commercial species, assess potentially hazardous levels from the human health and to supply support for environmental monitoring programs. The production of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is growing fast in the Ceara State. In that way, the objective of is work is to characterize the origin and the distribution of Cu and Zn in three shrimp farms, located at the east coast of the State of Ceara, and the effect of the concentration of these metals in permorfance shrimp. The concentration of Cu and Zn in fertilizers, feed, sediment, suspended material and shrimp was determined by conventional flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The concentration of Cu and Zn in fertilizers and chemical additives varied from 0.7 to 3.3 μg/g and from 0.12 to 45.7 μg/g, respectively. In the feed concentrations varied from 13.1 to 79.0 μg/g and from 63.2 to 145.9 μg/g for Cu and Zn, respectively. In pond sediments the average concentrations of Cu varied from 10.3 to 16.5 μg/g and of Zn from 35.1 to 41.1 μg/g. In the suspended material the concentration of Cu varied from 38.4 to 66.8 μg/g whereas Zn was not detectable. In the water the concentration of Cu varied from 6.62 to 7.38 μg/l. In the shrimp the average concentrations of Cu varied from 33.4 to 42.2 μg/g and from 74.0 to 87.2 μg/g in the muscle and the exoskeleton, respectively, while the concentrations of Zn varied from 41.8 to 43.1 μg/g in the muscle and from 52.7 to 55.5 μg/g in the exoskeleton. The intensive farming system of L. vannamei can work as an accumulator of metals in sediments from feeding, chemicals and exuviae. The concentrations of Cu and Zn in the shrimps are below the limits established by the Brazilian legislation for human consumption. However, it was observed that detoxification mechanisms can be acting in those organisms, suggesting that the concentrations animals metabolism at least for Cu already surpass the needs of Cu and could resulting in a decrease in the growth rate the shrimps.

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