Fire emergency responders work in teams where they must communicate and coordinate to save lives and property, yet contemporary emergency response training expends few resources teaching team coordination. The present research investigates re emergency response team coordination practice to develop a zero- delity simulation game to teach team coordination skills. It begins with an ethnographic investigation of re emergency response work practice, develops the concept of nonmimetic simulation with games, iterates game designs, then evaluates game designs with non- re emergency responders and re emergency response students. The present research de nes a new type of simulation, non-mimetic simulation: an operational environment in which participants exercise skills without a re-creation of the concrete environment. In traditional simulation, the goal is to re-create the world as faithfully as possible, as this has clear value for teaching skills. Non-mimetic simulations capture abstract, human-centered aspects of a work environment from a grounding in practice. They provide an alternative, economical, focused environment in which to exercise skills. Constructed as games, they can provide intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to practice and learn. The present work iterates a series of game designs in which players transform and share information with each other while under stress, engaging in processes of team coordination found in re emergency response work practice. We demonstrate how the game successfully teaches participants how to become more e ective at coordinating and communicating through user studies with non- re emergency responders and re emergency response students. Principles for the design of team coordination education, non-mimetic simulation, and cooperative game play are developed.

No description available.

The conflict between HIV-1 and the host immune system plays out over a time-scale of months and years, and on a grander scale in the co-evolution of lentiviruses and the immune systems of their host species. Directed evolution of HIV-1 entry inhibitors using controlled randomization together with a display system offers a means of recapitulating one side of this conflict in vitro on an accelerated time-scale. To address limitations in existing display systems, we constructed a vector (pDQ1) integrating phage-display and mammalian-expression systems. This vector displays on phage when expressed in bacteria, and as an Fc-fusion when expressed in tissue culture, thus accelerating the iterative process of randomization, display, and characterization. We demonstrated the utility of this vector in the evolution of a CD4-mimetic peptide.

Des travaux sur la littérature gabonaise en général et le roman en particulier, suscitent de l’étonnement, des exclamations du fait de leur rareté. Notre travail de thèse a eu pour objet de réajuster certaines approches de l’esthétique romanesque gabonaise. Il a été question de conjurer la notion du retard souvent utilisée pour présenter l’écriture romanesque gabonaise. L’esthétique romanesque gabonaise admet une identité d’isolement. Les systèmes de son élaboration découlent principalement de cet aspect. Dire les modalités de l’élaboration romanesque dans la littérature gabonaise à travers les écritures de Peter Ndemby et de Chantal Magalie Mbazoo Kassa, c’est d’une part, préciser les questions d’influences de la prose gabonaise et configurer le rapport entre le texte et la société. Un procédé qui a permis de révéler une redéfinition de la notion de littérarité au Gabon selon les travaux de Fortunat Obiang Essono. D’autre part, parler des modalités du Roman gabonais, c’est décliner la spécificité littéraire autour de la littérarité mimétique, de la littérarité autistique et de l’exiguïté. De l’histoire littéraire de Lanson en passant par la sociocritique de Claude Duchet et de Pierre Zima, le texte romanesque gabonais a révélé des spécificités qui imposent des nouvelles approches, une nouvelle conception du phénomène littéraire romanesque au Gabon. / Gabonese literary works in general and the novel in particular raise amazement because of their being scarce. The goal of our dissertation has been to improve some aesthetical approaches of the Gabonese novel. It has consisted in turning down the common description of the Gabonese novel as being behind. The aesthetics of the Gabonese novel reveals an identity of isolation. The systems of its setting up result mainly from this aspect. Revealing how the novel has been built up in the Gabonese literature through the writings of Peter Ndemby and Chantal Magalie Mbazoo Kassa means, on the one hand, developing issues of influences in the Gabonese prose and shaping the relationship between text and society. This process helps to uncover a better definition of literariness in Gabon according to the works of Fortunat Obiang Essono. On the other hand, in dealing with the modalities of the Gabonese novel, we have had to develop its literary peculiarity through its mimetic and autistic literariness, and its ‘exiguousness’. From the literary story of Lanson through the sociocriticism of Claude Duchet and Pierre Zima, the Gabonese novel has unveiled peculiarities requiring new approaches, a new conception of literariness in the Gabonese novel.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:19:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DANIEL ALVES DOS SANTOS.pdf: 753945 bytes, checksum: afda5a269470fca58eeade14eb681377 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-09 / In his theory of mimetic desire, René Girard presents Christ as an ideal to be followed since Jesus has demonstrated how is it possible to solve conflicts without associating it to vengeance of violence. Through his victimization on the Cross, Jesus reveals the truth about whom we are and who the Lord is. By demonstrating his innocence, He reverts to himself the accusation of those keeping themselves on the circle of self-justification by transfer of guilt. Thereby, the Christ decides to forgive by his own will. This is a new form of forgiveness that is called Novum.The Novum reveals a new way to bond with people who have wronged us and to try to understand ourselves through the other. This new mimesis values life, freedom, and care for the neighbor, the reconciliation more than gifts and sacrifices. This is dialectical overcoming because in this process the decision of forgiving belongs to the subject and the decision of reconciliation also depends on the one that was offended.Through the novum it is possible to change the direction of the past, destroy fatality and not to continue being a hostage of guilt. This attitude allows the subject to look to the future with hope. Focusing on the Passion and the Resurrection the subject finds who he really is and will be able to decide to pursue the Christ centric model. This decision takes him off the violent mimesis to start to elaborate the will to decide to forgive the one that has offended him. Finally, the subject recognizes the novum forgiveness as a model that when is imitated and donated is capable of remaking the one forgiving as well as the one that is forgiven. / Em sua teoria mimética do desejo, René Girard apresenta Cristo como modelo ideal a ser seguido, uma vez que Jesus demonstrou como é possível resolver conflitos sem associá-los à vingança ou à violência. Através de sua vitimização na Cruz, Jesus revela toda a verdade de quem somos e quem Deus é, ao manifestar sua inocência, Ele reverte para si a acusação daqueles que se mantêm no círculo da auto justificação por transferência da culpa. Assim, o Cristo decide, por sua livre vontade, perdoar. Isto é, uma nova forma de perdão, que denominamos novum. Fundamentado no amor, ele vem de fora e fura o círculo da violência. O novum revela uma nova maneira de se relacionar com as pessoas que nos prejudicaram, de tentar compreender quem somos através do Outro. Essa nova mimesis valoriza a vida, a liberdade, o cuidado com o próximo, a reconciliação mais do que ofertas e sacrifícios. Trata-se de uma superação dialética, pois, apesar de nesse processo a decisão de perdoar estar de posse do sujeito sendo esta uma via de mão única , a decisão de reconciliação depende também do ofendido/ofensor, esta outra, via de mão dupla . Através do novum é possível mudar o sentido do passado, destruir a fatalidade e não ter necessidade de continuar como refém da culpa. Esta atitude possibilita o sujeito olhar o futuro com esperança. Ao focar a Paixão e a Ressurreição, o sujeito descobre quem ele realmente é e poderá decidir seguir o modelo Cristocêntrico. Essa decisão leva-o a sair da mimesis violenta e passar a elaborar a vontade, para então decidir perdoar àquele que o ofendeu. O sujeito, por fim, reconhece o perdão novum como modelo que ao ser imitado e doado é capaz de refazer a pessoa de seu doador, bem como àquele que é perdoado.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:20:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro de Proenca Lopes.pdf: 658698 bytes, checksum: af3a0dd43047660a54f5c1afe86780d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The exploration and the manipulation of desire are some of the main brand of consumption culture. In the societies where predominate this culture, the consumption appears as a humanization criterion, and the meaning of life the ethical-mythical core, around in which society organize itself its the wealth accumulation seek to consume more. Some researches have been demonstrating the holy aspects of this culture, which became a real religion of the everyday life, with its devotions, spiritualities, myths, and rituals. At this same aspect, some studies have been demonstrating how this culture determines the pedagogic projects. Theses arent accidentals studies, because religion and education are essential elements in the origin and upkeep of any culture and human society. However it could also be transformation elements. Paulo Freire emphasize with interest in a Desire Pedagogy creation, and comprehend that the desire theme is extremely important in the improvement fight of social exclusion. But unfortunately he hadnt time to couch such pedagogy. The René Girard work reinforces the thesis that religion is an essential process for the human societies, considering the real function in the culture origin. According to Girard, religion is the humanity educationalist in the humanization and socialization process. And his most notable characteristic is exactly to educate the desire, because, due its mimetic nature, is constantly the violence generator. In the research of relations between Religion/ Theology and Education, recently has been accomplished the presupposed theologies and spiritual studies of the educational offers. Even thought that Paulo Freire and René Girard are at different areas, with different projects, there is lots of convergences aspects between them, some even complementary. The dialog between these two authors shows it very profitable in the theme of desire discussion in relation with the spirituality and education. This work is a try to search elements that promote the elaboration of a Desire Pedagogy starting with the contribution of the Religion Science.(AU) / A exploração e a manipulação do desejo são algumas das principais marcas da cultura de consumo. Nas sociedades em que predomina essa cultura, o consumo aparece como critério de humanização, e o sentido da vida o núcleo ético-mítico em torno do qual a sociedade se organiza é a busca de acumulação de riqueza para se consumir cada vez mais. Alguns estudos têm demonstrado os aspectos sagrados dessa cultura, que se tornou uma verdadeira religião da vida cotidiana, com suas devoções, espiritualidades, mitos e ritos. Da mesma forma, alguns estudos vêm demonstrando como essa cultura determina os projetos pedagógicos. Esses estudos não são acidentais, pois religião e educação são elementos fundamentais na origem e na manutenção de qualquer cultura e sociedade humanas. Todavia, podem ser também elementos de transformação. Paulo Freire acena com o interesse pela criação de uma Pedagogia do Desejo, compreendendo que este tema é de fundamental importância na luta pela superação da exclusão social, o que infelizmente não teve tempo de formulá-la. A obra de René Girard reforça a tese de que a religião é um processo fundamental para as sociedades humanas, considerando sua real função na origem da cultura. Segundo Girard, a religião é a educadora da humanidade no processo de humanização e socialização. E sua característica mais notável é justamente a de educar o desejo, pois, devido a sua natureza mimética, constantemente é gerador de violência. Nas pesquisas sobre as relações entre Religião/Teologia e Educação, recentemente tem sido realizado o estudo dos pressupostos teológicos e espirituais das propostas educacionais. Há muitos pontos de convergência entre Paulo Freire e René Girard, alguns até complementares. O diálogo entre esses dois autores se mostra muito profícuo na discussão do tema do desejo em relação com a espiritualidade e a educação. Este trabalho é uma tentativa de buscar elementos que favoreçam a elaboração de uma Pedagogia do Desejo a partir das contribuições das Ciências da Religião.(AU)

There has been increasing concern regarding the emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens. The resistance develops when pathogens, especially bacteria, are frequently exposed to conventional antibiotics, as they are heavily used in both human and livestock. This is due to the high target specificity of conventional antibiotics, which places pathogens in high selective pressures and eventually results in drug resistant by mutations. To address this issue, global actions and cooperation are needed. At the same time, new technologies and strategies need to be developed. Host defense peptides (HDPs) are widely found in the innate immune system. They show both direct antimicrobial properties and immunomodulatory activities. The multifaceted functions of HPDs make them less likely to promote antimicrobial resistance. Thus, they are promising as new therapeutics to treat multi-drug resistant infections. In fact, several drug candidates derived from HDPs have entered the clinical trial, but none of them got into the clinic. This is due to several challenges associated with HDPs, such as low in vivo stability, high cost of manufacturing, and toxicity to mammalian cells. In this dissertation, we explored the ability of a new type of unnatural scaffolds (γ-AApeptides) to mimic the functions of HDPs, including both broad spectrum antimicrobial properties and immunomodulatory activities. Furthermore, the efforts to identify simpler and more drug like γ-AApeptide based antimicrobial agents were also discussed. The findings in this dissertation may lead to the development of potential drug candidates to treat multi-drug resistant infections.

No description available.

Thesis advisor: Ana M. Martinez-Aleman / As online education continues to grow in the United States, few studies have investigated how faculty members perceive their instructional roles and their organizations to be changing as a result. This qualitative study is based on interviews with twenty-two faculty members from public and private non-profit institutions across the United States, and found that faculty members perceived the course design process, interactions with their students, and their own approach to teaching all changed substantially in the online context, typically in ways that inclined them to see these efforts as higher quality than their on ground teaching endeavors. Despite this, faculty members did not perceive that their departments or their institutions changed very much as a result of online education, and determined that institutional motivations for online education were consistent with typical market-aligned non-profit approaches to higher education in the United States (e.g., based on competition, student demand, and expanding institutional reach). Moreover, this market-aligned inclination identified by faculty members aligns well with Slaughter and Rhoades’ (2004) theory of academic capitalism. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

L'Héparane Sulfate (HS), un polysaccharide linéaire, module les activités biologiques de nombreuses protéines. Afin d'élucider les interactions entre l'HS et les protéines, la synthèse chimique d'HS est un outil précieux, mais elle peut être difficile. Notre équipe a montré que des mélanges combinatoires obtenus par auto-assemblage de différentes combinaisons de dérivés disaccharidiques (lactose et lactose persulfaté) sur surfaces planes d'or peuvent reconnaître spécifiquement certaines protéines se liant à l'HS, telles que les isoformes de la chimiokine CXCL12 ou IFNγ. Avec ces dérivés, nous avons réalisé un auto-assemblage sur des nanoparticules d'or. Mais à cause de la toxicité des nanoparticules d'or, nous avons aussi adapté cette méthode à des nanoparticules lipidiques. En utilisant les conditions qui ont déjà été améliorées pendant la synthèse des dérivés lactose et lactose persulfaté, nous avons préparé deux autres dérivés disaccharidiques plus proches de la structure réelle d'HS. Ces nouveaux dérivés sont utilisés pour réaliser des nanoparticules d'or et nanoparticules lipidiques afin de comparer les propriétés avec les lactose et lactose persulfaté. Les tests d'affinité avec différentes protéines sont en cours de réalisation. / Héparan Sulfate (HS) is a linear polysaccharide that modulates the biological activities of numerous proteins. In order to elucidate the interaction between HS and proteins, the synthesis of HS is an invaluable tool, but the synthesis is sometimes difficult. Our group has demonstrated that the combinatorial mixtures obtained by self-assembly of different combinations of disaccharide derivatives (lactose and persulfated lactose) on gold plan surfaces could recognize specifically some HS binding proteins, such as the isoforms of the chemokine CXCL12 or IFNγ. Because of the toxicity of gold nanoparticles, we have also adapted this method to lipid nanoparticles. Using the conditions that have already improved during the synthesis of lactose and persulfated lactose derivatives, we have synthesized two other disaccharide derivatives, which were closer to the real structure of HS. These new derivatives were used to prepare the gold and lipid nanoparticles at the aim of comparing the properties with lactose and persulfated lactose. The tests of affinities with different proteins are in progress.