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Researches on Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) have been expanding that leads to an increase in our understanding of HSC normal behaviors and abnormal alterations. One of the most important issues in the research on HSCs is to understand the mechanism of the homing process of these cells to settle in their niche in the bone marrow and establish the production of various blood cell types after bone marrow transplantation. The cells first must come in contact with the endothelial cells. This contact is known as adhesion and occurs through a multi-step paradigm ending with transmigration to the bone marrow niche. The initial step of the homing, tethering and rolling of HSC, is mediated by P- and E-Selectins present on endothelial cell surface through their interactions with the ligands expressed on the surface of HSC. Thus, understanding the adhesion process and its contribution for efficient HSCs homing will have great impact on HSC therapy. The selectin – ligands interaction has been intensively studied using in vivo and in vitro approaches. However, the molecular mechanism involved by HSCs at single molecule level is poorly understood. Here in this study, a novel experimental method to unravel the molecular mechanisms of the Selectin-ligands interactions in vitro at the single molecule level is developed by combining microfluidics, epi-fluorescence microscopy and live cells. In this work, the new single-molecule imaging technique enabled us to directly visualize the nanoscale spatiotemporal dynamics of the membrane protein-ligand interactions under conditions of shear stress acting on the cells at the molecular level in real time. Using this method, we revealed that selectin ligands on membrane-tethers and slings show unique spatiotemporal dynamics that is distinct from those on the cell body. We demonstrated that the membrane tethers are formed from single microvilli on the cells, which provides a mechanism to spatially localize selectin ligands, PSGL-1 and CD44 on the tethers and slings. We also demonstrated that the selectin ligands show fast diffusional motion along the tethers and slings compared with that on the cell body due to the detachment of cell membranes from actin cytoskeleton during the formation of the tethers. Our results suggest that the spatial confinement of the selectin ligands together with the fast scanning of a large area by the selectin ligands increase the efficiency of selectin-ligands interaction during the rolling, resulting in slow and stable rolling of the cell on selectin. Our findings contribute significantly to molecular level understanding of the initial step of HSCs. This single-molecule imaging technique that we developed in this study will find wide applications in the molecular-level studies on cell-cell interactions including cancer cell metastasis.

<p>Mass spectrometry (MS) alone or coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography (GC) is a versatile analytical tool that is routinely employed for identification of unknown compounds in complex mixtures. MS operates by separating ionized analytes based on their mass-to-charge (<i>m/z</i>) ratios. If the analyte can be ionized without complete fragmentation, MS provides molecular weight information and, if performed at high resolution, elemental compositions for the ionized analytes. Tandem mass spectrometry (MSⁿ, n <u>></u> 2 where each MS step corresponds to an ion isolation or separation event) also provides structural information of ionized analytes. With this approach, structural information of the ionized analytes is obtained by isolating the ionized analytes of interest and subjecting them to fragmentation experiments, such as collision-activated dissociation (CAD). The ions of interest can also be isolated and allowed to react with gaseous molecules to generate product ions (ion-molecule reactions). </p> The experiments described in this dissertation focused on the development of tandem mass spectrometry methods based on CAD and/or gas-phase ion-molecule reactions for the differentiation of acyl, <i>N</i>- and <i>O</i>-glucuronide drug metabolites and for identification of primary carbamates as potentially mutagenic impurities. Further, by using a previously published method titled Distillation, Precipitation, Fractionation Mass Spectrometry (DPF MS), the chemical compositions of five crude oil samples, including heavy, medium, and light crude oils with different API gravities, were determined. Additionally, the gravimetric percentages of different compound classes found in these crude oils are reported as well as the correlations found between API gravities and the chemical compositions of crude oils.

Thesis advisor: John T. Fourkas / One can extract a tremendous amount of information about the organizational and dynamic states of molecules, in situ and in real-time, through highly sensitive and noninvasive single particle optical probing. The highly efficient, multi-photon excited luminescence from stabilized metal nanoclusters renders these species useful as optical probes that can be used in detecting single particle and molecular dynamics. We generate stable, and monodisperse samples of Ag nanoclusters as small as 1 nm in diameter, and find that through substitution of various stabilizer molecules we can precisely tune the size of the clusters over a 1-6 nm range of diameters, ensuring monodispersity and stability at every stage. These clusters also exhibit highly efficient, polarized luminescence upon two photon excitation at 800 nm and remain highly photostable, not exhibiting the deleterious blinking that occurs with many single-molecule fluorophores. In order to demonstrate the utility of these clusters as single-molecule probes, we track their emission polarization over long periods in deeply supercooled liquids such as 4'(octahydro-4,7-methano-5H-inden-5-yliden) bisphenol dimethyl ether (ODE). Our results suggest that these clusters can detect nanoscale dynamics with high sensitivity. / Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2004. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry. / Discipline: College Honors Program.

AABBSSTTRRAACCTT Dimers and small aggregates as well as compact aggregates of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) were assembled and chemically anchored to supporting surfaces. The supporting surfaces were either glass slides or SiO2 - coated Cu or Au grids for TEM, both chemically functionalized by 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). Compact aggregates of Ag NPs incorporating protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) molecules were prepared by adsorption of chlorides in the presence of PPIX. Dimers and small aggregates of Ag NPs were assembled by selected molecular linkers: 4,4'-diaminoazobenzene (DAAB), 4,4'-diaminoterphenyl (DATP) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphine (TAPP). The most efficient strategy of dimers and small aggregates preparation has been their assembling by a three - step procedure involving (i) attachment of isolated Ag NPs to the NH2 groups of APTMS functionalized TEM grid, (ii) attachment of molecular linker (with two functional NH2 groups in para position) to Ag NPs by a one terminal NH2 group, and (iii) attachment of Ag NPs to the second, free terminal NH2 group of the linker. In this procedure, the control over the perpendicular orientation of the bifunctional linker and its attachment by one terminal group to Ag NP surface has been accomplished by functionalization of Ag NPs by adsorbed citrate...

Uma das várias formas da hemoglobina do peixe Leporinus Frederici (piava) não apresenta efeito Borh (variação da afinidade ao O2 com o pH). Purificação, caracterização e experimentos de cristalização foram conduzidos visando a determinação da estrutura através de difração de raios X, embora sem resultados positivos. O espectro óptico desta forma particular de hemoglobina foi medido no intervalo de 300-700 nm e subseqüentemente simulado, interpretado e comparado com o espectro da humana. Em outra área do trabalho experimental, três pequenas estruturas moleculares foram determinadas: uma é um intermediário na síntese de alcalóides, com um esqueleto sarpagina; outra é um dipeptídeo complexado com Cu2+; e a terceira é um complexo de picrato com Ce3+. As intensidades das reflexões foram medidas com um difratômetro automático de quatro ciclos CAD-4. As estruturas foram resolvidas por Patterson ou Métodos Diretos e foram refinadas por método de mínimo quadrado. Cetona, C19H21N3O, é um intermediário chave no caminho de reação para síntese de indoloquinolisidinas, pertence ao sistema, P21/C, a=12.200(7), b=16,795(2), c=16,655(l)&#197, &#946=104,18(3)&#176, Z=8, Dc= 1,234 gcm-3, V=3308(3)&#1973. As duas moléculas independentes são aproximadamente relacionadas por um centro de inversão, a principal diferença sendo relativa às configurações dos grupos nitril e metil. As moléculas enantioméricas estão mantidas por ligação de hidrogênio através do N(3)-O(1\') e N(3\')-O(1). A junção N(1)-C(6) é trans e o grupo CH2CN é axial. L-(triptofil)-L-glicinato-cobre(II). C13H13CuN3O3, um composto modelo para conseguir informações para interpretar os dados disponíveis para proteínas azuis, é ortorrômbico, P212121, a=8,284(6), b=9,345(2). c=16.503(2)&#197, Z=4, Dc=1.678 gcm-3, V=1277(2)&#1973. O íon Cu2+ é coordenado por um oxigênio e dois nitrogênios de um dipeptídeo e com um oxigênio de um ligante simetricamente relacionado. A estrutura polimérica resultante está alinhada com o eixo b e tem uma estabilidade maior devido a uma ligação de hidrogênio entre o oxigênio carbonil de um dipeptídeo e o nitrogênio do triptofano do ligante vizinho. A coordenação é essencialmente quadrado planar. O complexo de picrato com Ce3+, CeO33N9C18H30, foi analisado dentro de um grande programa de pesquisa para estudar a química de coordenação dos lantanóides. Duas formas cristalinas são estudadas: uma é monoclínica, P21/n, a=7,799(2), b=26,925(2), c=17,465(2)&#197, &#946=98,93(3)&#176 , Z=4, Dc= 1,908 gcm-3, V=3623(2)&#1973; e a outra é monoc1ínica, C2/c, a=40,225(5), b=8,08(4), c=24,35l(9), &#946=111,46(2), Z=8, Dc= 1,893 gcm-3, V=7300(8)&#1973. A primeira é relativamente instável sobre a incidência de raios-X e embora a medida das intensidades apresentasse erros sistemáticos significantes, a estrutura pode ser resolvida. O número de coordenação dos dois complexos é 9 e os poliedros de coordenação são intermediários entre antiprisma quadrado monoencapuzado e prisma trigonal triencapuzado / One of the various forms of hemoglobin of the fish Leporinus Frederici (piava) does not present any Bohr effect (variation of the affinity to O2 with pH). Purification, characterization and crystallization experiments were conducted, aimed at the structure determination through X-ray diffraction, although with no positive results. The optical spectrum of this particular hemoglobin form was measured in the range 300-700 nm and subsequently simulated, interpreted and compared with the human hemoglobin spectra. In another area of experimental work, three small molecules structures were determinate: one is an intermediate in the synthesis of alkaloids, with a sarpagine backbone; another is a dipeptide complexes with Cu2+; and a third one is a complex of picrate with Ce3+. The intensities of the reflections were measured with an automatic four-circle difractometer CAD-4. The structures were solved by Patterson or Directs Methods, and were refined by the least squares methods. Ketone, C19H21N3O, is a key intermediate in the reaction pathway for synthesis of indoloquisidines, belongs to the monoclinic system, P21/c, a=12.200(7), b=16,795(2), c=16,655(l)&#197, &#946=104,18(3)&#176, Z=8, Dc= 1,234 gcm-3, V=3308(3)&#1973. The two independent molecule are approximately related by an inversion center, the main difference being the relative configurations of the nitril and methyl groups. The enantiomeric molecules are hydrogen bonded through N(3)-O(1\') and N(3\')-O(1). The junction N(l)-C(6) is trans and the group CH2CN is axial. L-(tryptophyl)-L-glycinate-copper(II), C13H13CuN3O3, a model compound to get information to interpret spectroscopic data available for blues proteins, is orthorhombic, P212121, a=8,284(6), b=9,345(2). c=16.503(2)&#197, Z=4, Dc=1.678 gcm-3, V=1277(2)&#1973. The Cu-ion is coordinated by one oxygen and two nitrogen atoms of the one dípeptide and with an oxygen of a symmetrically related ligand. The resulting polymeric structure is aligned with the b-axis and is further stabilized by an H-bond between the carbonyl-oxygen of the one dipeptide and the tryptophan side-chain nitrogen of the neighboring ligand. The coordination is essentially square-planar. The complex of picrate with Ce3+, CeO33N9C18H30, was analyzed within a broader research program to study the chemistry of coordination of the lantanoids. Two crystalline forms are studied: one is monoclinic, P21/n, a=7,799(2), b=26,925(2), c=17,465(2)&#197, &#946=98,93(3)&#176 , Z=4, Dc= 1,908 gcm-3, V=3623(2)&#1973; and the other is monoclinic, C2/c, a=40,225(5), b=8,08(4), c=24,35l(9), &#946=111,46(2), Z=8, Dc= 1,893 gcm-3, V=7300(8)&#1973. The former is relatively unstable under the X-rays and although the measured intensities presented significant systematic errors, the structure could be solved. The coordination number of the two complexes is 9 and the coordination polyedra are intermediate between mono-coupled square antiprism and tri-coupled trigonal prism

Os artrópodes constituem o grupo mais diverso do Reino Animal, apresentando uma distribuição muito ampla nos ecossistemas e habitats. O fato de esses animais terem mudado muito pouco durante sua evolução e estarem bem adaptados aos ambientes inóspitos e com uma alta presença de microorganismos patogênicos, torna interessante a realização de estudos sobre o seu sistema imunológico. Parte importante deste sistema são os peptídeos antimicrobianos, que controlam a invasão dos diferentes patógenos. Estas moléculas não só podem fornecer informação sobre o sistema imune e o funcionamento deste, como também pode ajudar a buscar alternativas nas lutas contra as doenças infecciosas. Sendo assim, se torna interessante a purificação e a caracterização dos peptídeos antimicrobianos presentes nesses animais como também o conhecimento do funcionamento de seu sistema imune. Neste trabalho foram utilizadas duas espécies da ordem quilópoda: Scolopendra viridicornis e Otostigmus cavalcanti como modelo experimental. Foi avaliada a presença de moléculas bioativas na hemolinfa (plasma e hemócitos) e no extrato total do corpo, bem como a produção destas moléculas após o animal receber um estímulo ou injúria. Foi observada a presença de diferentes frações com atividade antimicrobiana na hemolinfa (plasma e hemócitos) e no extrato total de animais desafiados e não desafiados em Otostigmus cavalcanti, apresentando um aumento na atividade antimicrobiana nos animais do grupo estimulado. O que pode significar que algumas das moléculas antimicrobianas estão presentes constitutivamente no animal enquanto outras precisam de um estímulo para ser expressas. No plasma de S. viridicornis foram observadas diferentes frações com atividade antimicrobiana, observando-se atividade contra a bactéria Gram-negativa E coli e contra a levedura C. albicans. No entanto, nos hemocitos, diferentes frações apresentaram atividade somente contra a bactéria Gram-positiva M. luteus. Na porção hidrofóbica do extrato total do corpo de S. viridicornis também foram observadas diferentes frações com atividade antimicrobiana. No material eluído em 5% de ACN, por análise de ESI-MS de uma fração com atividade contra M. luteus foram observadas duas moléculas com massa molecular baixa (848,49 e 861,94 Da). Ainda no extrato total da fração hidrofóbica foram observadas duas moléculas que se apresentaram puras. A primeira destas mostrou uma massa molecular de 1,7 kDa mas ainda não foi caracterizada. Enquanto a segunda evidenciou um peptídeo de 925,4658 Da e cuja estrutura primaria apresentou um composto de 8 resíduos de aminoácidos (RYPAVGYT). Esta molécula foi nomeada Lacraina. Entretanto na porção hidrofílica do extrato total de S. viridicornis e de Otostigmus cavalcanti foram observadas frações de baixa massa molecular com atividade antiparasítica contra Leishmania amazonensis e Trypanosoma brucei e antibacteriana contra E. coli e M. luteus. Também nesta fração foi observada uma molécula semelhante à Gomesina um peptídeo antimicrobiano da aranha caranguejeira Acanthoscurria gomesiana. A análise e caracterização desta molécula ainda esta em progresso. / Arthropods constitute the most diverse group in the Animal Kingdom, representing a very wide distribution in different ecosystems and habitats. The fact that these animals have changed very little during their evolution and that theyre well adapted to harsh environments with a high presence of pathogenic microorganisms, makes it interesting to conduct studies on their immune system. An important part of these systems are antimicrobial peptides that control the invasion of various pathogens. These molecules not only provide us with information on their immune system and its functioning, but can also help us find alternatives in the struggle against infectious diseases. Therefore, the purification and characterization of antimicrobial peptides present in these animals becomes important, as well as gaining knowledge on how their immune systems work. In this work two specimens of the Chilopoda order, Scolopendra viridicornis and Otostigmus cavalcanti, were used as an experimental model for the characterization of bioactive molecules present in the hemolymph and total body extract as well as the production of these molecules after stimulating or injuring the animal. The presence of different fractions with antimicrobial activity in the hemolymph (plasma and hemocytes) and the total body extract of defied and not defied animals in Otostigmus cavalcanti was observed. Presenting an increase in the antimicrobial activity in the stimulated group of animals, this could mean that some of the antimicrobial molecules are constitutively present in the animal, while others need to be induced to be expressed. In the plasma of S. viridicornis different fractions with antimicrobial activity and with activity against the Gram-negative bacteria E coli and against the C. albicans yeast were observed. Notwithstanding, in the hemocytes, there are different fractions that presented activity only against the Gram-positive M. luteus bacteria. In the hydrophobic portion of the total extract of the S. viridicorniss body, different fractions with anti-microbial activity were also observed. In the 5% ACN eluted material, by an ESI-MS analysis of a fraction with activity against M. luteus two molecules with low molecular mass (848.49 and 861.94 Da) were present and two pure molecules were observed in the total extract of the hydrophobic fraction. The first one presented a molecular mass of 1.7 kDa that remains to be characterized. The second one was a 925.4658 Da peptide, whose primary structure presented a compound of 8 amino acid residues (RYPAVGYT). This molecule was named Lacrain. However, in the hydrophilic portion of the total extract of S. viridicornis and O. cavalcanti low molecular mass fractions with antiparasitic activity against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma brucei as well as antibacterial activity against E. coli and M. luteus were observed. Also in this fraction a molecule similar to Gomesin, an antimicrobial peptide from the spider Acanthoscurria gomesiana. was present. The analysis and characterization of this molecule is still in progress.

A espectroscopia de molécula única (SMS) é uma poderosa técnica para entender como a conformação da cadeia polimérica é modificada por superfícies e interfaces. No presente trabalho, a interação substrato-polímero foi modificada pela alteração da carga superficial do substrato pela modificação do caráter hidrofóbico-hidrófilico da superfície do substrato. A conformação planar / não planar assumida pelo poli (9,9 dioctilfluoreno) (PFO) foi utilizada para acessar os efeitos de substratos e inter-cadeias sobre a conformação do polímero. Usamos a combinação de diferentes tratamentos para alterar superfícies de quartzo inerte de super hidrofílico (ângulo de contato &#8764; 0&deg;) para hidrofóbico (ângulo de contato &#8764; 80&deg;) quase continuamente. As películas ultrafinas de polímero (&lt;10 nm) e moléculas isoladas podem ser depositadas em diferentes superfícies do substrato por técnica de revestimento por centrifugação de forma controlada, que permitiu a investigação de processos foto físicos a um nível molecular único. Utilizou-se três técnicas espectroscópicas para caracterizar tais filmes ultrafinos, a saber: microscopia de fluorescência confocal equipada com imagens de fluorescência espectral, espectroscopia de absorção UV / Vis e espectroscopia de fotoluminescência dependente da temperatura. As propriedades de emissão e eficiência de filmes de PFO ultrafinos são fortemente afetadas pela presença da interface do substrato. No caso de uma única cadeia de PFO, a fase planar (energia mais baixa) é induzida pela forte interação superfície-polímero no caso da superfície hidrofílica carregada. Além disso, esta interação pode ser fortemente perturbada ou inteiramente destruída por interações entre cadeias. / Single molecule spectroscopy (SMS) is a powerful technique to understand how polymeric chain conformation is modified by surfaces and interfaces [1]. In the present work, substrate-polymer interaction was modified by changing substrate superficial charge by the modification of the hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic character of the substrate surface or by the deposition of charged self-assembling monolayers or polyelectrolytes as well. The planar/non-planar conformation assumed by poly (9,9 dioctylfluorene) (PFO) was used to access the effects of substrates and interchain interactions on the polymer conformation [2]. We used the combination of dif-ferent treatments to change inert quartz surfaces from superhydrophylic (contact angle &#8764; 0&deg;) to hydrophobic (contact angle &#8764; 80&deg;) almost continuously. Polymer ultrathin films (&lt;10 nm) and isolated chains can be deposited on different substrate surface by spin-coating technique in a controlled way that allowed the investigation of photophysical processes at a single molecular level. We employed three spectroscopic techniques to characterize such ultrathin films, namely: confocal fluorescence microscopy equipped with spectral facilities, UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and temperature dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy. The emission properties and efficiency of ultrathin PFO films are strongly affected by presence of the inert substrate interface. In the case of single PFO chain, the planar phase (lower energy) is induced by the strong surface-polymer interaction in the case of charged hydrophilic surface. Moreover, this interaction can be strongly perturbed or entirely disrupted by interchain interactions.

Nesta tese foi estudado o espalhamento Raman intensificado pela superfície (SERS) em regime de detecção de uma molécula em eletrodo de prata ativado por ciclos de oxidação e redução. Neste regime, de baixas concentrações, são observadas intensas flutuações de intensidade SERS as quais foram controladas neste substrato pela aplicação de potencial ao eletrodo, o que foi associado a alterações na concentração de moléculas adsorvidas na superfície do eletrodo. Além da dependência com o potencial aplicado, foram estudadas através de simulações Monte Carlo, a contribuição nestas flutuações da constante de adsorção das moléculas, do número de \"hot spots\" (regiões de altas intensificações SERS) e do tipo de \"hot spot\" (em termos de eficiência para detecção de espectros de uma molécula). Através destas simulações foram verificadas flutuações de intensidade muito semelhantes às observadas experimentalmente. Além das flutuações de intensidade foram também observadas flutuações de intensidades relativas, como por exemplo, das relações de intensidades anti-Stokes/Stokes, as quais foram interpretadas segundo um modelo de ressonância, através do qual foi possível estimar as energias de ressonância nos \"hot spots\". Alguns dos resultados indicaram a contribuição de ressonâncias finas, as quais foram interpretadas como resultado de interferências entre ressonâncias de plasmon de superfície. Interferências como estas foram demonstradas através de simulações pelo método DDA (\"Discrete Dipole appoximation\") em modelos simples de \"hot spots\" formados por nanobastões de Au. / In this thesis it was studied surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) at single-molecule detection on Ag electrode activated by oxidation and reduction cycles. At this low concentration limit it was observed strong SERS intensity fluctuations that were controlled by the applied potential to the electrode and this control was associated to changes in surface concentration of adsorbed molecules. Furthermore, it was studied through Monte Carlo simulations the influence of adsorption constant, number of \"hot spots\" (regions of high SERS enhancements) and type of \"hot pot\" (in terms of efficiency for single-molecule detection). With such simulations, it was verified fluctuations of SERS intensities very similar to experimental observations. Besides absolute intensity fluctuations, we also observed fluctuations of relative intensities as, for instance, the. anti-Stokes to Stokes intensity ratios. These fluctuations were interpreted according to a resonance model, which made possible the estimative of resonance energies at the SERS \"hot spots\". Some of these results indicated the existence of sharp resonances that were interpreted as a result of interferences among surface plasmon resonances, which were demonstrated through DDA (Discrete Dipole Approximation) simulations in simple models of \"hot spots\" formed by Au nanorods

Neste trabalho descreve-se técnicas experimentais envolvendo espectroscopias ópticas lineares e não-lineares capazes de caracterizar efeitos de estados excitado singleto e tripleto em moléculas orgânicas fluorescentes. Efeitos como a absorção de estado excitado e a troca de paridade eletrônica singleto-tripleto, tem ampla aplicação em diversas áreas de interesse humano. Logo, se faz necessário o estudo e desenvolvimento de materiais com essas características, tanto quanto o aprimoramento dos métodos de caracterização dessas propriedades. Este trabalho também consta com o estudo das propriedades espectroscópicas de moléculas de porfirinina, as quais estão entre as principais moléculas utilizadas nas aplicações. Assim, submeteu-se um conjunto composto por vinte e uma moléculas, todas derivadas da molécula de porfirina e com quatro radicais acoplados a ela, às seguintes técnicas experimentais: Varredura-Z absortiva e variações dessa técnica, desenvolvidas no grupo de Fotônica-IFSC, como a Varredura-Z por Trem de Pulsos (ZTP) e a medida da Fluorescência por Trem de Pulsos (FTP), afim de caracterizar os parâmetros espectroscópicos de cada amostra correspondentes ao modelo de Jablonski com cinco níveis de energia. A caracterização desse conjunto de porfirinas permitiu a avaliação da mudança na dinâmica populacional eletrônica causada por determinados radicais, que podem favorecer um determinado efeitos e, assim, otimizar uma molécula a uma dada finalidade. / This work describes experimental techniques in linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopy able to characterize excited state singlet and triplet optical effects of fluorescent organic molecules. Effects like excited state absorption and intersystem crossing between singlet and triplet states have a broad application in several areas of human interest. So, it is useful the study and development of materials with those properties, as much as the characterization methods of them. It is also included in this work the study of the spectroscopic properties of porphyrin molecules, which are among the most used in the applications. Thus, a set of twenty one porphyrin based molecules were probed with the follow spectroscopic techniques: Absorptive Z-SCAN and variations of that technique developed in the IFSC-Photonics\' Group as Pulse Train Z-SCAN and Fluorescence by Pulse Train, in order of characterize the spectroscopic parameters corresponding to a five energy level Jablonski diagram. The characterization of the whole set of porphyrins allowed a study of the change in electronic population dynamics in the porphyrin molecule caused by a specific radical, which may privilege a certain kind of effect and, consequently, manufacturing a molecule for a given application.