Resumo: Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar, no longo prazo, os parâmetros morfométricos e ultraestruturais dos tubulos seminíferos dos testículos de ratos diabéticos aloxânicos. 60 ratos Wistar, machos, pesando de 250 a 280 gramas foram divididos em 2 grupos experimentais: N ou grupo normal, constituído de 30 animais sadios, nãodaibéticos; D ou grupo diabético, constituído de 30 animais diabéticos sem qualquer tratamento da doença. Cada grupo experimental foi posteriormente dividido, por sorteio, em 3 subgrupos de ratos, com 10 animais cada um, para serem avaliados e sacrificados com 1, 6 e 12 meses de seguimento. O diabetes experimental foi induzido pela administração endovenosa de aloxana 2%, na dose de 42 mg/kg de peso corporal. Somente animais com sinais clínicos evidentes de diabetes grave e com glicemia >250 mg/dl e glicose urinária > 3000 mg/dl foram utilizados neste experimento. Com 1, 6 e 12 meses de seguimento o peso corporal, a ingestão hídrica, a ingestão alimentar, a diurese e os níveis de glicose sanguínea foram avaliados em todos os animais. Com 1 e 6 meses de seguimento também foram analisados os níveis de insulina plasmática, hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1C) e de testosterona sérica Após os sacrifício dos animais, ambos os testículos foram removidos, sendo o testículo esquerdo preparado para a microscopia ótica e o direito para a microscopia eletrônica. As medidas morfométricas à M.O. e M.E. foram realizadas por análise digital de imagens utilizando o software Quin Lite 2.5 - LEICA . A ultraestrutura dos túbulos seminíferos foi analisada ao microscópio de transmissão PHILIPS, pela análise descritiva comparativa. Neste experimento foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: a) área total dos túbulos seminíferos; b) espessura do epitélio tubular; c) área do lúmen tubular; d) espessura do epitélio germinativo; e) porcentagem... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate, in the long term, ultrastructural and morphometric parameters of seminiferous tubules of the testis of diabetic rats alloxan. 60 male Wistar rats weighing 250-280 grams were divided into two groups: group N or normal, consisting of 30 healthy animals, non-daibetics; D or diabetic group, consisting of 30 diabetic animals without in treatment. Each experimental group was then divided in three subgroups of rats with 10 animals each to be evaluated and sacrificed at 1, 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Experimental diabetes was induced by intravenous administration of alloxan 2% at a dose of 42 mg / kg body weight. Only animals with obvious signs of severe diabetes and blood glucose> 250 mg / dl and urine glucose> 3000 mg / dl were used in this experiment. At 1, 6 and 12 months of follow-up body weight, water intake, food intake, diuresis and blood glucose levels were evaluated in all animals. At 1 and 6 months of follow-up were also analyzed the levels of plasma insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and serum testosterone after the animal sacrifice, both testis were removed, the left was prepared for light microscopy and the right to the electron microscopy. Morphometric measures at M.Ö. and ME were performed by using digital image analysis software Quin Lite 2.5 - LEICA. The ultrastructure of the seminiferous tubules was analyzed by transmission microscope PHILIPS, by comparative descriptive analysis. In this experiment we analyzed the following parameters: a) total area of seminiferous tubules, b) epithelium area, c) lumen area, d) thickness of the germinal epithelium, e) percentage of tubular lumen or proportion of lumen area in relation to the total area, f) percentage of epithelium or proportion of epithelium area in relation to the total area; g) number of tubules per mm2. The results of clinical and laboratory parameters... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Célia Sperandéo Macedo / Coorientador: César Tadeu Spadella / Banca: Érica Veruska T. Ortolan / Banca: Mauro Mason Lerco / Banca: Silvio Tucci Junior / Banca: Raphael Liberatone / Doutor

To fully understand the mechanisms of lower airway inflammation associated with many equine diseases such as heaves or Rhodococcus equi infection, which are age specific, we must first identify baseline “normal” structural characteristics of the horse lung. To develop a detailed understanding of the morphology of the horse lung, stereological methods were adapted and applied to the lungs from healthy adult horses (n=4) and one day (n=5) and 30 day (n=5) old foals. The left lung from each animal was fixed in situ and was then removed from the body cavity and remained in fixative overnight before beginning an unbiased sampling procedure. The tissue samples were fixed in plastic and paraffin blocks for stereological evaluation and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The lung was characterised into parenchyma and non-parenchyma, where median parenchymal density (alveolar airspace, ductal airspace and tissue) was 81.0% in one day old foals, 84.4% in 30 day old foals and 93.7% in adult lungs. The median volume density of alveolar airspace per lung was 45.9% in one day old, 55.5% in 30 day and 66.9% in adult horse lungs. Ductal airspace and alveolar tissue volume density was unchanged between the age groups. The median alveolar surface area (m^2) seemed to increase with age, from about 205.3m^2, 258.2m^2 and 629.9m^2 in one day old foals, 30 day old foals, and adults, respectively. While the median alveolar surface density decreased with age, the mean linear intercept increased with age. Alveolar surface area was consistently greater than endothelial surface area (m^2) within each lung, however the ratio between alveolar and endothelial surface density remains unchanged with age. The median endothelium surface area was 106.2m^2 in one day, 147.5m^2 in 30 day and 430m^2 in adult lungs. The data show that the foal is born with a functionally developed lung and its basic architecture changes with age. Foal lung development and remodelling postnatally is a result of alveolar expansion paralleled with angiogenesis.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T11:52:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-11-11Bitstream added on 2015-03-03T12:07:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000814305.pdf: 2436065 bytes, checksum: 3b2a8cddaf5d007d8a70958d15d0e739 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, localizada no Município de São Manuel, e teve como objetivos a) Caracterização morfometria b) Avaliação da umidade nos quatro ambientes (floresta, pastagem, plantio de Pinus e cultura de pinhão manso e c) Estimativa do potencial da erosão da microbacia do córrego Pimenta com auxílio da Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation—RUSLE. A pesquisa foi conduzida no período compreendido entre janeiro a dezembro de 2012. A amostragem para os fatores da RUSLE foram amostras deformadas coletadas em camadas de 0-20 e 30-50 cm nas quatro coberturas do solo e, para os cálculos de umidade precisou-se de quatro trincheiras de 1 m de profundidade dentro de cada tipo de cobertura onde foram coletadas mensalmente 80 amostras indeformadas. O estudo revelou que a microbacia pelas propriedades morfométricas apresenta uma tendências mediana-alta a enchentes, os menores conteúdos de umidade e água no solo estão nas camadas superficiais 0 a 30 cm, e nas camadas profundas de 80 a 100 cm apresentam maior estabilidade, o potencial de erosão da microbacia do córrego Pimenta vai de 1,1 – 10,8 t.ha/ano. / This work was conducted in the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences UNESP, located in the municipality of San Manuel, and aimed to A) Morphometric characterization, b) evaluation of the moisture in the four environments (forest, pasture , pine plantation and cultivation of jatropha c) estimation of potential erosion of the watershed of the river with the help Pimenta da Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation-RUSLE. The research was conducted in the period from January to December 2012 Samples for RUSLE factors were deformed samples collected in litters of 0-20 and 30-50 cm in the four land cover and to calculate moisture is needed four trenches 1 meter deep in each of the coverages where they were informed 80 samples collected monthly. The study revealed that morphometric properties has an average trend -high floods, lower moisture content and water storage in surface layers are 0-30 cm and in the deep layers of 80-100 cm are more stable, the erosion potential of the micro watershed will Pimenta 1.1 to 10.

The human brain is a complex and powerful organ, directing every aspect of life from somatosensory and motor function to visceral responses to higher order cognition. Neurological and psychiatric disorders often disrupt normal functioning. While the clinical symptoms of such disorders are known, their biological underpinnings are not as clearly characterized. Structural neuroimaging is a powerful, non-invasive tool that can play a critical role in finding biomarkers of these illnesses. Currently, variations in pre-processing techniques yield inconsistent and conflicting results. As neuroimaging is a nascent branch of medical research, gold standards in imaging methodologies have not yet been established. Quantitatively validating and optimizing the way these images are preprocessed is the first step towards standardization. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is one technique that is commonly used to compare whole-brain structural differences between groups. Statistical tests are used to compare intensities of voxels throughout all brain scans in each group. In order to ensure that comparable voxels are being tested, the images must be fitted into a common space, which is done through image preprocessing. Spatial normalization to templates is an early pre-processing step that is executed unreliably as many options for both templates and normalization algorithms exist. To determine the effect variations in template usage may cause, we utilized a VBM approach to detect simulated lesions. Template performance was analyzed by comparing the accuracy with which the lesion was detected.

BRANCO, Karoliny Farias Castelo. Impacto da restrição alimentar sobre os parâmetros biometricos, hormonais e metábolicos de ovinos Santa Inês. 2015. 51 f. Dissertação (mestrado em zootecnia)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2015. / Submitted by Elineudson Ribeiro (elineudsonr@gmail.com) on 2016-04-05T19:38:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_kfcbranco.pdf: 1130996 bytes, checksum: fbd5efcef36975da8442760b524bad9c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by José Jairo Viana de Sousa (jairo@ufc.br) on 2016-05-24T22:47:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_kfcbranco.pdf: 1130996 bytes, checksum: fbd5efcef36975da8442760b524bad9c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-24T22:47:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_kfcbranco.pdf: 1130996 bytes, checksum: fbd5efcef36975da8442760b524bad9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / The present study aimed to evaluate biometric measurements and blood and hormonal parameters of Santa Ines lambs. Thirty lambs with an average live weight of 13.0 ± 1.49 kg and 60 days of age were used to estimate glucose, cholesterol, β-hydroxybutyrate, urea N, total protein, albumin, globulin, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and leptin, insulin, and thyroxine (T4) hormones. Lambs were assigned to a randomized complete design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of three levels of food restriction (FR) (control, 30%, and 60%), three collection periods corresponding the age of the animals (14, 18, and 23 weeks of age), and two sex categories (castrated and uncastrated). Blood was collected by jugular venipuncture in the three collection periods. For biometric measurements, a randomized complete design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement was adopted, taking into account restriction levels and sex categories. Measurements were taken every two weeks throughout the experimental period. The hormone thyroxine was not influenced by age, diet, or sex category. Leptin and insulin increased with the animal age (P <0.01). Glucose concentrations decreased as the FR level were increased (P <0.001). β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations increased as the food restriction was increased (P <0.001). Urea nitrogen was influenced by age and experimental diet (P <0.001), and there was an age × sex category interaction effect (P <0.01). Concentrations of total cholesterol and total proteins were not influenced by experimental treatments (P <0.05), but albumin and globulin were influenced by age (P <0.001, P <0.01). Plasma concentrations of chloride, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus varied significantly according to age. Animals subjected to FR grew at a slower rate, and the negative influence was more pronounced at 60% FR. At 30% FR, the growth rate decline was more noticeable at 100 days of age for body weight (BW); at 130 days for body condition score (BCS) and chest girth (CG); at 145 days for rump height (RH); and at 160 days for rump length (RL) and breast width (BW). Pearson's correlation analysis showed biometric measurements are co-dependent on the feeding level because correlations were high and significant in control animals (r = 0.61 to 0.95). It is concluded that the metabolic parameters were more influenced by age than by diet, and food restriction affects the metabolic and hormonal profiles, in particular β-hydroxybutyrate and insulin. Body condition score, body weight, and breast width were the most significantly affected by FR parameters. / Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a biometria, parâmetros sanguíneos e hormonais de cordeiros Santa Inês. Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros com peso vivo médio inicial de 13,0 ± 1,49 kg e aproximadamente 60 dias de idade para estimativa daglicose, colesterol, β- hidroxibutirato, N- ureico, proteínas totais, albumina, globulina, cloreto, cálcio, fósforo, magnésio e os hormônios leptina, insulina e tiroxina (T4). Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 x 2, que consistia detrês níveis de restrição alimentar (RA) (controle, 30% e 60%), três períodos de coleta correspondente à idade dos animais (14, 18 e 23 semanas de idade) e duas classes sexuais (castrados e não castrados). O sangue foi coletado por punção da veia jugular nos três períodos de coleta. Para as medidas biométricas utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, levando-se em consideração os níveis de restrição e as classes sexuais. As medidas foram realizadas quinzenalmente durante todo período experimental.O hormônio Tiroxina não foi influenciado pela idade, dieta ou classe sexual. Já a leptina e a insulina aumentaram com a idade dos animais (P<0,01). As concentrações de glicose diminuíram de acordo com o aumento do nível de RA (P<0,001). As concentrações de BHB foram maiores à medida que se aumentou a restrição alimentar (P<0,001). O N-ureico foi influenciado pela idade e dieta experimental (P< 0,001) e houve interação idade X classe sexual (P<0,01). As concentrações de colesterol total e proteínas totais não foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos experimentais (P<0,05), entretanto a albumina e globulina foram influenciadas pela idade (P<0,001; P<0,01). As concentrações plasmáticas de cloretos, cálcio, magnésio e fósforo variaram significativamente em função da idade. Os animais submetidos à RA cresceram em ritmo mais lento, sendo que, a influencia negativa foi mais acentuada no R60 (60% de RA). No R30 (30% de RA), o ritmo de crescimento diminuído foi mais perceptível com 100 dias de idade no peso corporal (PC), com 130 dias no escore de condição corporal (ECC) e perímetro torácico (PT), com 145 dias na altura de garupa (AG) e com 160 dias no comprimento de garupa (CG) e largura de peito (LP). A análise da correlação de Pearson mostra que as medidas biométricas são co-dependentes do nível de alimentação do animal, pois as correlações foram altas e significativas nos animais controle (r= + 0,61 a 0,95). Conclui-se que os parâmetros metabólicos foram influenciados mais pela idade do que pela dieta e que a restrição alimentar afeta o perfil metabólico e hormonal, em especial o β-hidroxibutirato e a insulina. O escore de condição corporal, peso corporal e largura de peito foram os parâmetros mais sensivelmente influenciados pela RA.

Orientador: Valdemir Antonio Rodrigues / Banca: Luiz Alberto Blanco Jorge / Banca: Teresa Cristina Tarle Pissarra / Resumo: O presente trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, localizada no Município de São Manuel, e teve como objetivos a) Caracterização morfometria b) Avaliação da umidade nos quatro ambientes (floresta, pastagem, plantio de Pinus e cultura de pinhão manso e c) Estimativa do potencial da erosão da microbacia do córrego Pimenta com auxílio da Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation-RUSLE. A pesquisa foi conduzida no período compreendido entre janeiro a dezembro de 2012. A amostragem para os fatores da RUSLE foram amostras deformadas coletadas em camadas de 0-20 e 30-50 cm nas quatro coberturas do solo e, para os cálculos de umidade precisou-se de quatro trincheiras de 1 m de profundidade dentro de cada tipo de cobertura onde foram coletadas mensalmente 80 amostras indeformadas. O estudo revelou que a microbacia pelas propriedades morfométricas apresenta uma tendências mediana-alta a enchentes, os menores conteúdos de umidade e água no solo estão nas camadas superficiais 0 a 30 cm, e nas camadas profundas de 80 a 100 cm apresentam maior estabilidade, o potencial de erosão da microbacia do córrego Pimenta vai de 1,1 - 10,8 t.ha/ano. / Abstract: This work was conducted in the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences UNESP, located in the municipality of San Manuel, and aimed to A) Morphometric characterization, b) evaluation of the moisture in the four environments (forest, pasture , pine plantation and cultivation of jatropha c) estimation of potential erosion of the watershed of the river with the help Pimenta da Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation-RUSLE. The research was conducted in the period from January to December 2012 Samples for RUSLE factors were deformed samples collected in litters of 0-20 and 30-50 cm in the four land cover and to calculate moisture is needed four trenches 1 meter deep in each of the coverages where they were informed 80 samples collected monthly. The study revealed that morphometric properties has an average trend -high floods, lower moisture content and water storage in surface layers are 0-30 cm and in the deep layers of 80-100 cm are more stable, the erosion potential of the micro watershed will Pimenta 1.1 to 10. / Mestre

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a biometria, parÃmetros sanguÃneos e hormonais de cordeiros Santa InÃs. Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros com peso vivo mÃdio inicial de 13,0  1,49 kg e aproximadamente 60 dias de idade para estimativa daglicose, colesterol, &#946;- hidroxibutirato, N- ureico, proteÃnas totais, albumina, globulina, cloreto, cÃlcio, fÃsforo, magnÃsio e os hormÃnios leptina, insulina e tiroxina (T4). Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 x 2, que consistia detrÃs nÃveis de restriÃÃo alimentar (RA) (controle, 30% e 60%), trÃs perÃodos de coleta correspondente à idade dos animais (14, 18 e 23 semanas de idade) e duas classes sexuais (castrados e nÃo castrados). O sangue foi coletado por punÃÃo da veia jugular nos trÃs perÃodos de coleta. Para as medidas biomÃtricas utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, levando-se em consideraÃÃo os nÃveis de restriÃÃo e as classes sexuais. As medidas foram realizadas quinzenalmente durante todo perÃodo experimental.O hormÃnio Tiroxina nÃo foi influenciado pela idade, dieta ou classe sexual. Jà a leptina e a insulina aumentaram com a idade dos animais (P<0,01). As concentraÃÃes de glicose diminuÃram de acordo com o aumento do nÃvel de RA (P<0,001). As concentraÃÃes de BHB foram maiores à medida que se aumentou a restriÃÃo alimentar (P<0,001). O N-ureico foi influenciado pela idade e dieta experimental (P< 0,001) e houve interaÃÃo idade X classe sexual (P<0,01). As concentraÃÃes de colesterol total e proteÃnas totais nÃo foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos experimentais (P<0,05), entretanto a albumina e globulina foram influenciadas pela idade (P<0,001; P<0,01). As concentraÃÃes plasmÃticas de cloretos, cÃlcio, magnÃsio e fÃsforo variaram significativamente em funÃÃo da idade. Os animais submetidos à RA cresceram em ritmo mais lento, sendo que, a influencia negativa foi mais acentuada no R60 (60% de RA). No R30 (30% de RA), o ritmo de crescimento diminuÃdo foi mais perceptÃvel com 100 dias de idade no peso corporal (PC), com 130 dias no escore de condiÃÃo corporal (ECC) e perÃmetro torÃcico (PT), com 145 dias na altura de garupa (AG) e com 160 dias no comprimento de garupa (CG) e largura de peito (LP). A anÃlise da correlaÃÃo de Pearson mostra que as medidas biomÃtricas sÃo co-dependentes do nÃvel de alimentaÃÃo do animal, pois as correlaÃÃes foram altas e significativas nos animais controle (r= + 0,61 a 0,95). Conclui-se que os parÃmetros metabÃlicos foram influenciados mais pela idade do que pela dieta e que a restriÃÃo alimentar afeta o perfil metabÃlico e hormonal, em especial o &#946;-hidroxibutirato e a insulina. O escore de condiÃÃo corporal, peso corporal e largura de peito foram os parÃmetros mais sensivelmente influenciados pela RA. / The present study aimed to evaluate biometric measurements and blood and hormonal parameters of Santa Ines lambs. Thirty lambs with an average live weight of 13.0  1.49 kg and 60 days of age were used to estimate glucose, cholesterol, &#946;-hydroxybutyrate, urea N, total protein, albumin, globulin, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and leptin, insulin, and thyroxine (T4) hormones. Lambs were assigned to a randomized complete design in a 3 à 2 factorial arrangement consisting of three levels of food restriction (FR) (control, 30%, and 60%), three collection periods corresponding the age of the animals (14, 18, and 23 weeks of age), and two sex categories (castrated and uncastrated). Blood was collected by jugular venipuncture in the three collection periods. For biometric measurements, a randomized complete design in a 3 à 2 factorial arrangement was adopted, taking into account restriction levels and sex categories. Measurements were taken every two weeks throughout the experimental period. The hormone thyroxine was not influenced by age, diet, or sex category. Leptin and insulin increased with the animal age (P <0.01). Glucose concentrations decreased as the FR level were increased (P <0.001). &#946;-hydroxybutyrate concentrations increased as the food restriction was increased (P <0.001). Urea nitrogen was influenced by age and experimental diet (P <0.001), and there was an age à sex category interaction effect (P <0.01). Concentrations of total cholesterol and total proteins were not influenced by experimental treatments (P <0.05), but albumin and globulin were influenced by age (P <0.001, P <0.01). Plasma concentrations of chloride, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus varied significantly according to age. Animals subjected to FR grew at a slower rate, and the negative influence was more pronounced at 60% FR. At 30% FR, the growth rate decline was more noticeable at 100 days of age for body weight (BW); at 130 days for body condition score (BCS) and chest girth (CG); at 145 days for rump height (RH); and at 160 days for rump length (RL) and breast width (BW). Pearson's correlation analysis showed biometric measurements are co-dependent on the feeding level because correlations were high and significant in control animals (r = 0.61 to 0.95). It is concluded that the metabolic parameters were more influenced by age than by diet, and food restriction affects the metabolic and hormonal profiles, in particular &#946;-hydroxybutyrate and insulin. Body condition score, body weight, and breast width were the most significantly affected by FR parameters.

Orientador: Jose Vasallo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T18:25:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lira_MarianaMontenegrodeMelo_D.pdf: 3297423 bytes, checksum: 565895365a98b6df746479d5e2d8074c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A micose fungóide (MF) corresponde a cerca de 50% de todos os linfomas primários da pele. Trata-se de uma neoplasia epidermotrópica constituída por linfócitos atípicos, com fenótipo predominantemente de linfócito T CD4+. O diagnóstico da MF é freqüentemente muito difícil, tanto pela sobreposição com dermatoses benignas, como pela discordância entre achados clínicos e histopatológicos. Embora a certeza de malignidade repouse na observação do comportamento clínico, parâmetros histopatológicos, morfométricos e imunofenotípicos têm sido utilizados para indicar malignidade. Em estudos prévios realizados pelo nosso grupo, não confirmamos os achados de alguns autores, que enfatizam que níveis elevados da relação CD4:CD8 sugerem malignidade. Entretanto, tivemos a oportunidade de comprovar a utilidade da perda da expressão do marcador linfóide T, CD7, no diagnóstico das lesões linfomatosas. Neste último estudo, ficou-nos a impressão de que a ausência de expressão do CD7 era mais evidente em células linfóides mais volumosas e atípicas. Dando continuidade a esta linha de investigação, os objetivos do presente trabalho são os de determinar o papel da avaliação morfométrica em tecidos incluídos em parafina e submetidos à reação imunoistoquímica com CD3 na diferenciação das infiltrações linfocitárias cutâneas e determinar se existe correlação entre o aumento da área nuclear e o percentual de expressão do CD7 nestas lesões. Foram estudados 30 casos de MF e 11 casos de infiltrados linfóides cutâneos benignos. Imagens de 100 células positivas de cada caso foram capturadas e analisadas utilizando o sistema de análise de imagens Imagelab®, sendo mensurados perímetro (P), área (A) e diâmetros (D) nucleares e calculado o índice de contorno nuclear (ICN= P/?A). Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as médias de todas as variáveis (p< 0,05), sendo A a variável com maior poder de discriminação entre os grupos (r² = 80,82%). E observou-se uma tendência de correlação entre a perda de expressão de CD7 e o aumento da área nuclear. Ficou, assim, demonstrado que a avaliação de parâmetros nucleares de células previamente identificadas como linfócitos T através da imunocoloração para o CD3 permite a diferenciação morfométrica entre MF e infiltrações linfocitárias benignas. Este método adiciona critérios objetivos para auxiliar no diagnóstico da MF / Abstract: Mycosis fungoides (MF) represents the most common skin lymphoid neoplasm. In initial stages, differential diagnosis of MF with other benign dermal lymphoid infiltrates (BDLI) may be impossible on morphological basis alone. In previous studies conducted by our group, only loss of immunoexpression of CD7 in MF proved to be of diagnostic help, but not the ratio between immunoexpression of CD4 and CD8. In the present study, 30 cases of MF and 11 cases of BDLI were analyzed, in order to compare morphometric parameters, which could be of diagnostic aid. As CD7 is frequently deleted in MF, immunohistochemical detection of T-cells was made using an antibody to CD3. Images of 100 CD3-positive cells per case in both groups were captured and analyzed using a simple computer program (Imagelab®) for nuclear perimeter (P), area (A), diameters (D) and nuclear contour index (NCI). All parameters showed statistically significant higher values for MF. Area was the variable with the strongest discriminating power between the two groups of patients. There was a tendency to a correlation between the loss of expression of CD7 and increase in nuclear area. Even if morphologic evaluation is not accurate to distinguish benign versus malignant dermal lymphoid infiltrates, due to the variability of size and shape of these cells, a more sensitive method promptly shows this difference. Our results suggest that morphometry of CD3-positive lymphoid cells may add valuable information in the differential diagnosis of MF and benign dermatoses / Doutorado / Anatomia Patologica / Doutor em Ciências Médicas

O jumento Pêga é uma raça nacional criada principalmente para a produção de muares marchadores, e possui valor econômico em todo território nacional. Com o objetivo de avaliar as medidas e índices morfométricos, eficácia de métodos de estimativa de peso vivo, bem como desenvolver uma fita de pesagem para jumentos da raça Pêga, foram utilizados 47 animais, 22 jumentas adultas e 25 jumentos em crescimento de ambos os sexos. As medidas morfométricas (peso fita; altura cernelha e garupa; distância codilho-solo; comprimento do corpo, cabeça, pescoço, espádua, dorso-lombo, garupa, antebraço e canela; perímetro torácico, de antebraço, canela e joelho; largura de cabeça, peito e anca) foram realizadas mensalmente com os animais posicionados em estação forçada em piso de concreto sem irregularidades ou inclinações. Após as mensurações, índices morfométricos foram calculados: índice dáctilo-torácico (IDT), de carga de canela (ICC), de conformação (ICF) e peso vivo verdadeiro (PVV). Para os jumentos em crescimento, equações lineares e não lineares descritas na literatura foram utilizadas para verificar sua aplicabilidade na fase de vida e espécie e desenvolveu-se uma equação para predição de peso com base na medida do perímetro torácico. Foi observado efeito do tempo de avaliação (P&lt;0,001) e não houve efeito de sexo (P&gt;0,05) para as medidas e índices morfométricos dos jumentos em crescimento. Os jumentos nascem com cerca de 14,86% do peso e 67,77% da altura das mães e aos seis meses atingem cerca de 40,37% do peso e 84,45% da altura. De acordo com a avaliação dos índices morfométricos, os jumentos adultos e em crescimento da raça Pêga são classificados como adaptados tanto à atividade de sela como tração, e que possuem maior capacidade de carga em relação aos equinos. Ao se comparar os métodos de pesagem, observou-se diferença (P&lt;0,001) entre os pesos da balança eletrônica e fita de pesagem comercial para equinos, sendo que a fita subestima o peso dos animais em crescimento, sendo necessário correção deste em 1,76%. As equações não lineares e as lineares encontradas na literatura, elaboradas para equinos e outras raças de jumentos não se adequam aos animais da raça Pêga do nascimento aos seis meses de idade, portanto sugere-se a utilização da equação desenvolvida no presente estudo (PV(kg)= -156,43+2,5178*PT), que apresenta coeficiente de determinação (R2) de 0,9638 com o peso vivo dos animais em crescimento. A partir da equação desenvolvida no presente estudo pode ser possível a elaboração de uma fita métrica para pesagem dos jumentos da raça Pêga em crescimento, o que tornaria o acompanhamento do crescimento dos animais mais prático e confiável. / The Pêga donkey is a national breed created mainly for the mules production, and has economic value throughout the national territory. In order to evaluate the measures and morphometric indexes, efficacy of live weight estimation methods, as well as to develop a weighing tape for Pêga donkeys, 47 animals were used, 22 adult donkeys and 25 growing donkeys of both sexes. The morphometric measures (weight tape, withers heigh, croup height, ground-to-ground distance, body length, head length, neck length, shoulder bone length, back-loin length, croup length, forearm length, shin length, thoracic perimeter, forearm perimeter, cinnamon perimeter, knee perimeter, head width, chest width and hip width) were performed monthly with the animals positioned at a forced station on a concrete floor without irregularities or slopes. After the measurements, morphometric indexes were calculated: dactyl-thoracic index (DTI), weigh in cannon index (WCI), conformation index (CI) and true live weight (TLW). For growing donkeys, linear and non-linear equations described in the literature were used to verify their applicability in the life stage and species, and an equation for weight prediction was developed based on the measurement of the thoracic perimeter. The effect of the evaluation time (P&lt;0.001) was observed and there was no effect of sex (P&gt;0.05) on morphometric measures and indexes of growing donkeys. The donkeys are born with about 14.86% of the weight and 67.77% of the height of the mothers and at six months they reach about 40.37% of the weight and 84.45% of the height. According to the evaluation of the morphometric indexes, adult and growing Pêga donkeys are classified as adapted to both saddle and traction activities, and have a higher carrying capacity in relation to equines. When comparing the weighing methods, we observed a difference (P&lt;0.001) between the weights of the electronic scale and commercial weighing tape for equines, and the tape underestimates the weight of the growing animals, which needs to be corrected in 1, 76%. The nonlinear and linear equations found in the literature, elaborated for equines and other donkey races, are not suitable for the Pêga breed from birth to six months of age, so it is suggested to use the equation developed in the present study (PV Kg) = -156.43 + 2.5178 * PT), which presents coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9638 with live weight of growing animals. From the equation developed in the present study it may be possible to create a measuring tape for weighing the growing Pêga donkeys, which would make monitoring the growth of the animals more practical and reliable.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish a baseline database consisting of the morphometry of the South African neonatal pterygoid hamulus. Methods: Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans were conducted on 74 formalin-fixed neonatal cadavers and displayed on the Planmeca Romexis 4.6.0.R program for quantitative data measurement. The length, width and angle of inclination in the coronal and sagittal planes of the pterygoid hamulus and the inter-hamular distance were measured. Additionally, the distance from the pterygoid hamulus to the posterior nasal spine was measured. Statistical analysis was performed to compare sides, population groups and weight classes and to establish correlations between measurements. Results: Weight was found to be a determining factor in the morphometrics of the pterygoid hamulus, the exception being the inclination in the sagittal plane, results were therefore separated according to weight class. For neonates weighing less than or equal to 1 kg, the length of the pterygoid hamulus was 2.23 (SD 0.377) mm, the width of the pterygoid hamulus in the coronal plane was 0.938 (SD 0.162) mm and in the sagittal plane was 1.68 (SD 0.373) mm. For neonates weighing more than 1 kg, the length was 2.74 (SD 0.438) mm, the width in the coronal plane was 1.12 (SD 0.226) mm and in the sagittal plane was 1.87 (SD 0.446) mm. The regression formula between the inter-hamular distance and the distance between the pterygoid hamulus and posterior nasal spine was determined to be y=2.44+0.52x. No significant difference between right and left sides, sex or population group was found. Conclusion: Understanding how the neonatal pterygoid hamulus differs from the adult structure is important when surgery in the oropharyngeal area of infants is concerned. The correlations established in this study between biometrics and morphometrics allows for extrapolation of the morphometrics to be made in the absence of proper scanning equipment. / Dissertation (MSc) University of Pretoria, 2020. / Anatomy / MSc (Clinical Anatomy) / Unrestricted