Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T15:01:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Roney Rodrigues Guimaraes.pdf: 1366984 bytes, checksum: a3849d32ef332f39a6a2b06635783317 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-17 / Among the dipterans of medic-sanitary interest the blowfly families Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae are distinguished. Its occurrence, distribution and predominance in metropolitans areas are factors of great importance to the Public Health, because the adults are vectors of pathogens for the man and its larvae attack the man in such a way as animal domestic servants. The capture of the calliphorid fauna with traps, bait with viscera cool of chicken, in three distinct ecotypes (agricultural, urban and forest). 31.480 califor?deos dipterans distributed in the following species had been captured: Chrysomya megacephala (54,45%), C. putoria (11,18%), C. albiceps (13,63%), Phaenicia eximia (5,90%), P. cuprina (1,07%), Cochliomyia macellaria would (9,06%), C. hominivorax (0,53%), Hemilucilia segmentaria would (0,80%), H. semidiaphana (1,40%), Mesembrinella bellardiana (1,24%), Eumesembrinella sp. (0,51%), Chloroprocta idioidea (0,09%) and P. sericata (0,13%). The Sinanthropy Index and Seasonal Fluctuation and the Coefficient of Constancy of the species between the autumn of the 2002 and summer of 2004 had been determined. C. albiceps had the highest Sinanthropy Index (IS = + 41,7) conferring to this species was has Preference for Inhabited Areas. Also C. megacephala (IS = +33.01), C. putoria (IS = +25.1), C. hominivorax (IS = +24.1), C. macellaria would (IS = +21,14), P. cuprina (IS = +18,78), P. eximia (-9,67) species with Preference for Inhabited Areas and finally H. segmentaria, H. semidiaphana, M. bellardiana, Eumesembrinella sp., C. idioidea, P. sericata all pertaining to the group, according to data, that possess Complete Absence in Inhabited Areas (IS = -100). The microhimenopteran parasitoids are important tools in the biological control of flies of economic importance that cause damages to the health of human being and other animals. The captures had occurred between january and december of 2004 in urban, rural and forest area. 1.528 larvae of C. hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) had been used as bait, 505 in the urban one, 556 in agricultural and the 467 in the forested one. The Sinanthropy Index, Coefficient of Constancy, the risk of parasitism (Odds Ratio) between the areas had been calculated, prevalence and parasitic intensity. The percentage was 46,6%. Aphaereta laeviuscula (Spinola, 1851) was captured only in agricultural environment, its indices had been: Sinanthropy I. = +50, C. constancy =25%, prevalence =0,72% and I. parasitoid =44,5; on the other hand Nasonia vitripennis (Walker, 1836) was captured in the areas agricultural and urban and the indices had been: Sinanthropy I. = +98, C. constance =58.3%, Odds Ratio = IC95% = 0,025 < > 0,27, p<0,05, prevalence= 3,2% and I. parasitoid =7,35. The risk of parasitism for N. vitripennis in urban areas is high. It was registered the occurrence of A. laeviuscula as parasite of C. hominivorax in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Blowfly, Parasitoids, Sinanthropy, Seasonal Variation. / Entre os d?pteros de interesse m?dico-sanit?rio destacam-se as moscas varejeiras das fam?lias Calliphoridae e Sarcophagidae. Sua ocorr?ncia, distribui??o e predomin?ncia em ?reas metropolitanas s?o fatores de grande import?ncia na Sa?de P?blica, pois os adultos s?o vetores de pat?genos para o homem e suas larvas atacam tanto o homem como animais dom?sticos. A captura da fauna califor?dica foi realizada atrav?s de armadilhas, iscadas com v?sceras frescas de frango, em tr?s ec?topos distintos (rural, urbano e de floresta). Foram capturados 31.480 d?pteros califor?deos distribu?dos nas seguintes esp?cies: Chrysomya megacephala (54,45%), Chrysomya putoria (11,18%), Chrysomya albiceps (13,63%), Phaenicia eximia (5,90%), Phaenicia cuprina (1,07%), Cochliomyia macellaria (9,06%), Cochliomyia hominivorax (0,53%), Hemilucilia segmentaria (0,80%), Hemilucilia semidiaphana (1,40%), Mesembrinella bellardiana (1,24%), Eumesembrinella sp. (0,51%), Chloroprocta idioidea (0,09%) e Phaenicia sericata (0,13%). Foram determinados os ?ndices de Sinantropia e Flutua??o Sazonal e o Coeficiente de Const?ncia das esp?cies entre o outono de 2002 e o ver?o de 2004. C. albiceps teve o mais alto ?ndice de Sinantropia (IS= + 41,7) conferindo a esta esp?cie, a seguinte classifica??o de acordo com Ferreira (1978 e 1983): esp?cie que tem Prefer?ncia por ?reas Habitadas. Tamb?m C. megacephala (IS= +33,01), C. putoria (IS= +25,1), C. hominivorax (IS= +24,1), C. macellaria (IS= +21,14), P. cuprina (IS= +18,78), P. eximia (-9,67) esp?cie com Prefer?ncia por ?reas Habitadas e finalmente H. segmentaria, H. semidiaphana, M. bellardiana, Eumesembrinella sp. C. idioidea, P. sericata todas pertencentes aos grupos, segundo os dados obtidos, que possuem Completa Aus?ncia em ?reas Habitadas (IS= -100). Os microhimen?pteros parasit?ides s?o ferramentas importantes no controle biol?gico de moscas de import?ncia econ?mica e causadora de danos ? sa?de humana e de outros animais. As capturas ocorreram entre janeiro e dezembro de 2004 em ?rea urbana, rural e florestal. 1.528 larvas de Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) foram usadas como iscas, 505 na urbana, 556 na rural e 467 na florestada. Foram calculados os ?ndices de Sinantropia, Coeficiente de Const?ncia, o risco (Odds Ratio) de parasitismo entre as ?reas, preval?ncia e intensidade parasit?ria. O percentual de emers?o foi de 46,6%. Aphaereta laeviuscula (Spinola, 1851), foi capturada apenas em ambiente rural, seus ?ndices foram: I. sinantropia= +50, C. const?ncia=25%, preval?ncia=0,72% e I. parasit?ria=44,5; j? Nasonia vitripennis (Walker, 1836) foi capturada nas ?reas rural e urbana e os ?ndices foram: I. sinantropia= +98, C. const?ncia=58,3%, Odds Ratio= IC95%= 0,025 <?> 0,27, p<0,05, preval?ncia, =3,2% e I. parasit?ria=7,35. O risco de parasitismo por N. vitripennis em ?reas urbanas ? alto. Registra-se a ocorr?ncia de A. laeviuscula como parasito de C. hominivorax no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-16T17:27:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Adriana Cristina Pedroso Ferraz.pdf: 2396072 bytes, checksum: 4c8224201e7dfca3888239f1edd74e0f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-16T17:27:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Adriana Cristina Pedroso Ferraz.pdf: 2396072 bytes, checksum: 4c8224201e7dfca3888239f1edd74e0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-02 / CNPq / The research was divided into chapters. The first assessed the post-embryonic development of Chrysomya albiceps (Widemann) on chicken gizzard (control: beef). There were four replications (100g each diet, 40 1st instar/2nd generation larvae) per treatment, each recipient was placed in a larger one containing sawdust and then sealed. The mature larvae were weighed and stored in test tubes. The variation among mature larva weight means and the duration of the larva, pupa and total stages were analyzed by the Student t test (?=5%), the viabilities by ANOVA and the sex ratio by the chi-square test. The following were recorded: mean temperature 25.6oC and 72.4% relative air humidity, larva-adult period mean duration of 8.1 days (meat) and 8.2 days (gizzard); 71% to 87% larva viability; 100% and 99% pupa viability 58% and 67% larva and adult viabilities, respectively. Chicken gizzard was shown to be satisfactory as diet for C. albiceps. The second chapter assessed the post embryonic development of Chysomya putoria (Widemann) in chicken gizzard and homogenized chicken gizzard in 65% agar (control: meat). Four replications (60 mL diet, 40 1st instar/5th generation larvae) were made per treatment. The homogenate was prepared in a mixer (gizzard, distilled water and agar). A mean temperature of 20.6 oC and 67.7% relative air humidity were recorded. The mean duration of the larva-adult period was 8.868 days (meat), 8.676 days (gizzard) and 9.067 days (homogenate); the larva viability was 98%; 92% and 73%; the pupa viability was 98%; 91% and 71%; the larva and adult viabilities were 93%; 83% and 64%, respectively. There were significant difference in the duration of the pupa period between meat and the homogenate. Both diets were shown to be satisfactory for C. putoria. The third chapter assessed different ciprofloxacin concentrations (3.33 ?g/mL; 6.66 ?g/mL and 13.33 ?g/mL in gizzard/65% agar homogenate) on C. putoria development (the control received distilled water). They were replicated four times (60 grams diet, 40 1st instar/3rd generation larvae) in an acclimatized chamber 30oC day/28 oC night, 70+10%relative air humidity and 14-hour photoperiod. There was no significant difference for: mean individual larva weight, mean duration of the larva inoculation until abandonment and the larva, pupa and total stages. Only treatment 2 differed significantly from the control in the larval and total viability. Ciprofloxacin seemed not to alter C. putoria development. The fourth chapter assessed different gentamicin concentrations (4.44?g/mL; 13.33?g/mL and 66.66?g/mL) on C. putoria. The materials and methods were similar to those of chapter III. There was no significant difference for: mean individual larva weight, mean duration of the larva inoculation until abandonment and the larva, pupa and total stages. Only treatment 2 differed significantly from the control for larva viability. Gentamicin seemed not to alter C. putoria development. The fifth chapter assessed different ampicillin concentrations (66?g/mL; 81.33?g/mL and 166.66?g/mL) on C. putoria. The materials and methods were similar to chapter III. There was no significant difference for: mean individual larva weight, mean duration of the larvae inoculation until abandonment and the larval, pupa and total stages. There was no significant difference for larva and total viability, but pupa viability in T1 differed significantly from the control and T2, and T3 differed from the control. Ampicillin seemed not to alter C. putoria development. / A pesquisa foi dividida em cap?tulos. O primeiro avaliou o desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Chrysomya albiceps (Widemann) em moela de frango (controle: carne bovina). Foram quatro repeti??es (100g de dieta cada, 40 larvas de 1? instar/2? gera??o) por tratamento, cada recipiente inserido em outro maior contendo serragem e vedado. As larvas maduras foram pesadas e armazenadas em tubos de ensaio. A varia??o entre m?dias de massa de larvas maduras e dura??es dos est?gios de larva, pupa e total foram analisadas por Teste t de Student (?=5%), as viabilidades por ANOVA, a raz?o sexual pelo qui-quadrado. Foram registradas temperatura m?dia 25,6?C e umidade relativa do ar m?dia 72,4%; dura??o m?dia do per?odo de larva a adulto 8,1 dias (carne) e 8,2 (moela); viabilidades de larva 71% e 87%; viabilidades de pupa 100% e 99%; viabilidades de larva a adulto 58% e 67%, respectivamente. Moela de frango se mostrou satisfat?ria como dieta para C. albiceps. O segundo cap?tulo avaliou desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Chysomya putoria (Widemann) em moela e homogenato de moela de frango em agar 65% (controle: carne). Foram quatro repeti??es (60 mL de dieta, 40 larvas de 1? instar/5?gera??o) por tratamento. O homogenato foi preparado em mixer (moela, ?gua destilada e agar). Foram registradas temperatura m?dia 20,6? C e umidade relativa do ar m?dia 67,7%. A dura??o m?dia do per?odo de larva a adulto foi 8,868 dias (carne), 8,676 (moela) e 9,067 (homogenato); as viabilidades larvais 98%; 92% e 73%; as viabilidades de pupa 98%; 91% e 71%; as viabilidades de larva a adulto 93%; 83% e 64%, respectivamente. Houve diferen?a significativa na dura??o do per?odo pupal entre carne e homogenato. Ambas dietas mostraram-se satisfat?rias para C. putoria. O terceiro cap?tulo avaliou diferentes concentra??es de ciprofloxacino (3,33 ?g/mL; 6,66 ?g/mL e 13,33 ?g/mL em homogenato de moela/agar 65%) sobre desenvolvimento de C. putoria (controle recebeu agua destilada). Foram replicados quatro vezes (60 gramas dieta, 40 larvas 1? ?nstar/3? gera??o) em c?mara climatizada 30?C dia/28?C noite, 70+10% U.R. e 14 horas fotoper?odo. N?o houve diferen?a significativa: massa individual m?dio das larvas, dura??o m?dia da inocula??o das larvas at? abandono e est?gios larval, pupal e total. Apenas tratamento 2 diferiu significativamente do controle nas viabilidades larval e total. Ciprofloxacino pareceu n?o alterar desenvolvimento de C. putoria. O quarto cap?tulo avaliou diferentes concentra??es de gentamicina (4,44?g/mL; 13,33?g/mL e 66,66?g/mL) sobre C. putoria. Os materiais e m?todos foram semelhantes ao do cap?tulo III. N?o houve diferen?a significativa: massa individual m?dia das larvas; dura??o m?dia da inocula??o das larvas at? abandono e dos est?gios larval, pupal e total. Apenas tratamento 2 diferiu significativamente do controle na viabilidade larval. Gentamicina pareceu n?o alterar o desenvolvimento de C. putoria. O quinto cap?tulo avaliou diferentes concentra??es de ampicilina (66?g/mL; 81,33?g/mL e 166,66?g/mL) sobre C. putoria. Os materiais e m?todos foram semelhantes ao cap?tulo III. N?o houve diferen?a significativa: massa individual m?dia das larvas, dura??o m?dia da inocula??o das larvas at? abandono e est?gios larval, pupal e total. N?o houve diferen?a significativa: viabilidades larval e total, por?m viabilidade pupal do T1 diferiu significativamente do controle e T2, e T3 diferiu do controle. Ampicilina pareceu n?o alterar desenvolvimento de C. putoria.