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国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University / That interpersonal relationships within the family may have a direct influence upon the development of schizophrenia is a fact well-recognized by authors. In recent years the exact role of the mother-child relationship in the etiology of schizophrenia has especially been the subject of a great deal of investigation. As a result of these investigations there has been developed the concept of the "schizophrenogenic mother." Tietze's findings are characteristic.

This project investigates the development of mature student mothers’ identities in the dual contexts of constructions of the women’s at-home study practices and of their ‘responsibilities’ for their children’s development. Interviews were conducted with 23 women – all ‘new university’ students – and with their schoolaged children. I used discourse analysis focussing on language as performative and constitutive in order to understand positioning of, and by the women. I also drew upon critical developmental psychological theory and the concepts of discourse, intersubjectivity and dialogicality as epistemological resources in order to understand the women’s and children’s accounts. The methodology yielded a diversity of constructions of the women, these drawing upon a variety of discourses. The first empirical chapter addresses constructions of mature student mothers, the second, constructions of child development and the third, constructions of ‘influence’. The organisation of the empirical chapters reflects not only the importance I accorded to particular themes, but also the idea that separating mothers’ concerns and those of their children can be less fruitful in examinations of identity construction than addressing these together. The key issues that are a thread connecting the empirical chapters are time (requiring ‘balancing’ of social positions); change (in mothering practices and confidence); perceived ‘influence’ on children’s development, and relationships (including the ways in which identities are constructed in the ‘space in the middle’). Participants addressed these issues in different ways with some women positioning not spending ‘quality’ time with their children as meeting children’s developmental needs (addressed in Chapter Seven). Other important themes were mothering constructed as mundane and undervalued (in Chapter Five), children’s constructions of ‘roles’ as helpers (in Chapter Six) and perceived intersubjectivity in mother/child interactions (examined in Chapter Seven). In the concluding chapter I discuss the implications of the findings in terms of the contribution of the research to theoretical debates about motherhood, mothering and child development. I also reflect on my position as a mature student mother, examining my involvement in the research process and finally, suggest applications for the findings reported in the thesis.

This study explored the contexts that immigrant Taiwanese mothers provided for their American born children concerning heritage language learning. Five immigrant Taiwanese mothers in central Texas participated in this study. To collect data, a qualitative approach was used including in-depth interviews, follow up interviews, supplemental interviews with other family members, and observations of the mothers and their children in different environments. The data was analyzed to answer two research questions: (1) What meanings do immigrant Taiwanese mothers attribute to their American-born children's heritage language? (2) What are the strategies that immigrant Taiwanese mothers describe themselves as using in relation to their American-born children's heritage language learning? This study demonstrated that because of the relative lack of heritage language teaching resources independent of the family, the mothers played an important role in teaching their children a wide variety of languages including Mandarin Chinese, Taiwanese, Spanish, Japanese, and Cantonese. Furthermore, the meanings that the mothers placed on heritage language could be categorized into cultural relationships, family bonds, social status within the immigrant community, relationship with American and global societies, and academic achievement and social success. The strategies the Taiwanese immigrant mothers used to teach heritage and home languages were diverse but could be analyzed by the concept of social capital and the theories of Lev Vygotsky. The mothers with more economic capital were able to use their social capital to allow one parent to stay at home teaching their children heritage language full-time. They were also able to purchase other people's time in the form of services and effectively use resources such as the Chinese school or travel to promote heritage language learning. Thus, they could actively pursue and establish goals for their children's heritage language learning. Mothers with less social capital were less able to provide an environment promoting early language learning and instead hoped for other resources in the future. The result was that mothers with more social capital were able to have their children excel in many languages including English, while mothers with less social capital not only had difficulty creating proficiency in heritage language but also in English. / text

Orientadores: Maria Yolanda Makuch, Mary Angela Parpinelli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T02:44:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fleury_Camila.pdf: 1750197 bytes, checksum: ecab1a83258efefc9d0f99a995c1c71f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Objetivo: Estudar as vivências e o desenvolvimento da preocupação materna primária de mulheres primíparas diagnosticadas com pré-eclâmpsia. Método: Como marco conceitual para compreender a relação mãe-filho utilizou-se o conceito preocupação materna primária desenvolvido por Winnicott. Foi realizado um estudo clínico-qualitativo. A construção da amostra foi feita por amostragem proposital de homogeneidade ampla, seguindo-se o critério de saturação de informação para a definição do número de participantes. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semidirigidas, utilizando-se um roteiro temático. Todas as entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas na íntegra. Para a saturação dos dados foi utilizado o referencial teórico sobre a preocupação materna primária. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Participaram deste estudo 15 mulheres. O diagnóstico de PE foi uma surpresa para as mulheres, pois até então sua gravidez se desenvolvia sem problemas. Todas as mulheres relataram ter dificuldade para compreender o significado da doença e os episódios de internação. As participantes se referiram a vivências de angústia, solidão, tristeza e ansiedade; e algumas a sentimentos de culpa. A maioria das mulheres teve medo de que seu bebê pudesse morrer ou nascer com complicações ocasionadas por sua doença. O momento do parto foi sentido como um evento repentino e inesperado para as mulheres, distanciando-se de suas fantasias e expectativas e aumentando os sentimentos de falta de controle sobre a situação e medo. Todas relataram que não planejam ter mais filhos, devido ao receio de passarem novamente pela mesma situação. Observou-se nos relatos das participantes que o relacionamento com suas próprias mães influenciou o desenvolvimento de seu papel materno. O apoio da família, principalmente do parceiro, durante a gravidez, parto e puerpério, foi percebido como importante e facilitou a dedicação das mulheres às necessidades do bebê. O apoio dado pela equipe médica também foi sentido como importante. Todas as participantes deste estudo mostraram sinais do desenvolvimento da preocupação materna primária. Durante a gestação já referiam uma aproximação afetiva com o filho, que se manteve e se fortaleceu no puerpério. Na fala das mulheres observou-se o prazer em prestar os cuidados ao bebê, com uma facilidade para interpretar e compreender suas necessidades, além de uma abdicação dos interesses pessoais para se dedicar a esse filho. Conclusão: Mulheres primíparas diagnosticadas com PE, com bebês saudáveis e que permaneceram em contato com elas, sentiram o impacto da doença em suas vidas. Contudo, revelaram-se aptas ao desenvolvimento da preocupação materna primária / Abstract: Objective: Study the life experience of primiparous women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia (PE) and the development of primary maternal preoccupation. Methods: a clinical-qualitative study was performed. Women were selected by purposive sampling of broad homogeneity and the number of participants was determined following the criteria of information saturation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a thematic guide. All interviews were recorded and verbatim transcribed. For data analysis Winnicott theoretical concepts regarding the primary maternal preoccupation were used. Furthermore, data was analyzed through the thematic contents analysis technique. Results: A total of 15 women participated in the study. The diagnoses of PE was a surprise to participants because their pregnancy had been without problems. All women had difficulties to understand the meaning of the illness in their lives and of the episodes of hospitalization. Women referred to feelings of anguish, loneliness, sadness and anxiety, in some cases feelings of guilt. Most women felt fear that their baby might die or be born with complication because of their illness. All interviewed women referred that they did not plan on having more children due to the fear of going through the process again. Childbirth was felt as a sudden and unexpected event, different from their expectations and increased their feelings of lack of control and fear. The relationship of the participants with their mothers was related to the development of mother-child relationship. Family support, mainly of their partner during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum, was perceived as important and facilitated their dedication to babies necessities. The support given by health professionals was also perceived as important. All participants had developed signs of primary maternal preoccupation. During pregnancy emotional closeness was observed and this persisted and increased after the baby was born. These women had pleasure in taking care of their babies, were able to recognize and understand their babies' needs and abdicated their own needs and interests to be devoted to their babies. Conclusion: The results of this study show that primiparous woman with diagnosis of PE, whose babies were born healthy and remained with them during postpartum hospitalization, even though they felt the impact of their illness were able to develop a primary maternal preoccupation / Universidade Estadual de Campi / Ciencias Medicas / Mestre em Tocoginecologia

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We performed an intervention program aimed at promoting a healthy relationship between teenage mothers and their babies, with 26 mothers between 15 and 19 years old, who have one son or daughter between 0 and 6 months old. They were from a poor area of Lima, Peru. The intervention was conducted in four groups, each of which had ten sessions. We assessed the interaction between mother and baby, the mother’s interpretation of emotions and the maternal representations (a description of the baby, of herself as a mother and of the relationship between them), before and after the program. The same evaluations were performed with a comparison group of 18 young mothers with the same characteristics. The article presents and discusses the results of both evaluations. / Se realizó un programa de intervención dirigido a promover un vínculo saludable entre madres adolescentes y sus bebes, con 26 madres entre 15 y 19 años de edad y con un hijo o hija entre 0 y 6 meses de edad de una zona pobre de Lima, Perú. La intervención se realizó en cuatro grupos y cada uno tuvo diez sesiones. Se evaluó la interacción entre madre y bebe, la interpretación que realiza la madre de los afectos, y las representaciones maternales (descripción del bebe, de sí misma como mamá y de la relación entre los dos), antes y después del programa. Se realizaron las mismas evaluaciones con un grupo comparativo de 18 jóvenes con las mismas características. En este artículo se presentan y discuten los resultados obtenidos en ambas evaluaciones.

This study investigated the interactions of facially deformed infants (FD) with their mothers compared to a facially nondeformed control group (FND). All mother-infant dyads were videotaped for 10 minutes during a free play period. Mothers were instructed to spend time with their baby as they normally would. The videotaped interactions of 14 FD dyads and 14 FND dyads were rated by five raters for quality of interactions, amount of vocalization, touch, and face-to-face gaze. The infants were rated on their level of attractiveness from polaroid pictures and videotapes. Mothers also completed a questionnaire which assessed their infants' temperament. Three of the studies' four hypotheses were confirmed. First, the more attractive an infant was, the better his/her interactions with the mother were judged to be. Second, FD infant dyads were rated as significantly poorer in quality of interaction than FND dyads, although FD* dyads did not spend significantly less time vocalizing, touching, or in face-to-face gaze as predicted. A significantly higher percentage of FD infants were judged as having difficult temperament relative to FND infants. Finally, as predicted it was found that infants with difficult temperaments were more likely to exhibit poorer quality interactions than infants with less difficult temperaments. These results have important implications for providing anticipatory guidance to caregivers of FD infants. Without intervention, FD infants appear at risk for subsequent developmental problems stemming from disrupted early mother-infant interactions. Future research should focus on these interactions soon after the infant's birth, attempt to determine if FD infants' emotions can be reliably understood from their facial expressions (as has been found in normal infants) and extend the current research paradigm to include fathers of FD infants.