The documented legacy of South African architect Norman Musgrave Eaton (1902– 1966), as preserved at the University of Pretoria, provides the material for a contemporary analysis and extrapolation of his domestic oeuvre through the construction of a biographical-disciplinary context and chronology. Why and how Eaton’s domestic architecture expresses its lineage of forms, space, material, and detail are explored in this study. Eaton’s architectural oeuvre demonstrates a rare encounter between the Modern Movement and Africa. The residential architecture of Eaton, he being based in Pretoria, draws strongly on the African monumental past, while denoting both a regional and universal consciousness. Local influences are drawn from diverse sources: Cape Dutch architecture, Great Zimbabwe, Eastern Africa and the unselfconscious architectural endeavours of the Ndebele. Through the systematization of his records, the researcher is able to set up a biography within context in order to capture the critical moments in Eaton’s development and his designer’s mind. The chronological study of his domestic drawings further allows for the tracing of African and other influences in relation to his travels and their translation into architectural expression. Typological plan compositions and motifs emerge with clarity to aid in providing a critical appraisal of his domestic work. / Dissertation (MArch)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Architecture / Unrestricted

Title: NMR Study of Oligonucleotide Structures Author: Václav Římal Department: Department of Low-Temperature Physics Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Helena Štěpánková, CSc., Department of Low- Temperature Physics Abstract: The dynamics of nucleic acids plays a fundamental role in the interactions with proteins. Some processes are governed by changes in DNA stability and flexibility caused by sequence alterations or chemical modifications without substantial structural impact. We employed line-shape analysis of variable-temperature 1H NMR spectra to deeply investigate the melting transition of DNA structures. We observed a significant influence of the sequence beyond the nearest neighbours on chemical shifts and thermodynamics of the double helix. The CpG motif is especially sensitive to its distant surroundings and for a particular oligonucleotide it was even found to undergo an unexpected local conformational transition. A strong cooperativity in the duplex dis- ruption was witnessed by both the equilibrium and kinetic aspects as well as by distant effects of cytosine methylation. We propose a two-state melt- ing scheme also for a fragment of a transcription element proved here to fold as a hairpin with a six-membered loop. In addition, we describe the properties of self-assemblies of riboguanosine and...

This essay is interlaced with the exhibition Alien Beauty by Fredrik Odénius, and is to be seen as a reflection of and upon the presented works and their becoming. By focusing on the role of interpretation in various stages of the creation process the essay tries to distinguish Odénius sculptural practice as a hermeneutical activity.  By tracing one of the main strands of thought in hermeneutics, from exegesis, via Heidegger to Gadamer, interpretations treated as a means of existence, an ontological activity in its own right.  One can understand art as an act of interpretation by the way of gestaltung, to interpret a thing through matter. Another way to define art is through its institutions and the concept of the artworld. By accessing art through both these definitions simultaneously, a new idea of how a work of art operates is revealed, both as an autonomic being and as a man-made artefact. By giving primacy to the open-ended structure of creation, with curiosity and association as driving forces, it is argued for that the act of gestaltung draws a line between the inside and outside that allows a dialogue between material and creator. Through this process the material is given a possibility to make itself heard, and as the artist steps back, the bond between motif and work remains and establishes a continuity outside the human realm.

This dissertation analyses the novelette Marara, written by D.P. Semakaleng Monyaise. This work has been previously investigated by critics such as Mogajane, Malope and Mogapi, who focused on its content and style and compared it to other literary works. This dissertation differs from these earlier studies in that it aims to analyse the structure of the text of Marara in depth, focussing on the two levels of structure, namely content and plot. This investigation uses two methods of analysis, namely definition and interpretation, because these approaches will adequately explore the many concepts and ideas related to the analysis of text structure. These methods are applied within the framework of an adapted narratological model. This model suggests that when the content of a text is studied, the concept of the topic should be strongly emphasised; when the plot is investigated the theme should be focussed on; and lastly when the style is examined, then atmosphere is most important. In examining the text of Marara three important concepts related to the novelette are identified, which describe three sub-genres of narratives, namely picaresque, didactic and moral. Picaresque means concerned with a character called picaro, who often embarks on long journeys consisting of sequences of different events and meetings with various characters. This picaro is an ordinary person, not of high social status. His/her weaknesses belittle him/her but he/she is changed by them and so is forgiven. In Marara the protagonist, Rremogolo, is on a journey from his home in Matile, where there is righteousness, to Makgoeng, a place of wickedness. After encountering many problems on the way he realises that he was mistaken to leave his home. He returns to Matile, convinced that it is the best place for him to live. This mistaken journey of temptation can be described as the Makgoeng Motif. Didactic means related to a work designed for institutions of education. Such a work can use as an example the story of a character, either an ordinary person or a person of high social status, who falls because of his/her weaknesses, but then changes and is forgiven. Rremogolo also fits into the didactic frame. Though he is a poor man of low social station, he successfully illustrates the point of the Makgoeng Motif through his fall, which is his failure to achieve financial success in Makgoeng. The moral means concerned with the power of distinguishing right from wrong. The emphasis of moral texts is on good behaviour, on people working and living together co-operatively. This concept can also be related to the plot structure described above, of a person either of high or ordinary social status, who through his/her weaknesses falls, but then changes and is forgiven. When the morality of this story is examined, emphasis is put on the changing of the character, on how the character first does bad things but in the passing of time, and because of the problems he/she encounters, in the end learns his/her mistake, and changes to become a good person. Rremogolo illustrates this exactly, because he begins by abandoning his uncle’s cattle in order to pursue his dream of travelling to Makgoeng, then suffers the results of many problems, realises his mistake, and in the end returns to home and duty. Therefore, careful examination of the text of Marara reveals that in writing this novelette Monyaise mixes three sub-generic categories, namely the picaresque, the didactic and the moral narrative. This makes the novelette difficult to classify, because it is difficult for readers to keep track of generic characteristics in this mix of genres. / Dissertation (MA (African Languages))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / African Languages / unrestricted

Transformation events can be a change in a person's work, a change in philosophy, a sudden insight, or a break in a relationship. According to David Hufford and Marilyn Motz, narrating these experiences are ways in which people perform, construct, and communicate belief systems. The narrators within the context of this thesis experience their transformation through a career transformation. The narrators rediscover their initial passion and transform that desire into actions that results in a shift of career. Sometimes seen as inexplicable, nevertheless the narrators provide analysis and reflection on the influences that led to their change. Some of the actions or thoughts that the narrators incorporate in their stories demonstrate not only the progression of events but also the alterations narrators experience in their worldviews. The context in which these changes occur is essential to interpreting and understanding the experience. Narrative components are filtered through an interpretive process that includes personal meaning, contrast with social norms and cultural beliefs and the impact on the receiver to enable narrators to justify their experience. It is the reflection on these experiences through which people gain insight and establish relevance to events that seem sometimes beyond their control. Stories from pop culture to ordinary citizens who change their lives daily demonstrate the pervasiveness of the transformational effect of states of crisis through which people journey. People's lives are turned upside-down through these experiences which place the narrator out of their normal element. There are two levels to these story types: external and internal transformation. At a superficial level there is the journey to change careers but at another level there is a relationship to opening up cultural expectations or acting generatively, as role-models. Narrators are effecting change through their positive attitudes and acceptance of the trials they encounter during their transitions. Narrators discuss specific actions that create transformative life changes or philosophical shifts. My investigation studies how individuals are involved in transitional events in which they experience a disengagement from a previous life, spending some time in liminal space where they transition or regenerate into a new place in society. Part of my approach to this subject matter used theories introduced by Victor Turner (pilgrimages) and by Arnold Van Gennep (rites of passage). Regina Holloman proposes that rites of passage can occur not just as physical/material transformation but can occur psychically as well. Some of the narrative patterns that narrators use to construct these tales are identified within the context of folk belief and folklore scholarship.

Anyone wishing to laud Matsepe for his literary ability should first turn to Ramaila who was not only one of the first writers in Sepedi, but also taught his people to read. Some of his short stories in the volume entitled Molomatsebe (1951) bear testimony to his narrative skills, particularly 'Tšhelete ya Sepoko' and 'Moloi ga a na mmala' which are complex in structure, like a detective story. Apart from the Molomatsebe collection, he also wrote other works such as Taukobong (1953), Setlogolo sa Batau (1938) and Tša Bophelo bya Moruti Abraham Serote (1935). In 1959 a volume of praise poetry was published that he had collected in the various Sepedi-speaking regions. These verses are not only of cultural historical significance but the volume is also a valuable addition to Sepedi literature. The greatest merit of the poems is found in the fact that they are authentic recitations. To the Bapedi Ramaila is a pioneer; he was the first author in Sepedi and encouraged his people to educate themselves. Ramaila had many followers of which Matsepe was the most important. In the pre-Matsepe period authors mainly wrote about the problems Blacks encountered under Whites in the cities. For this reason the 'Makgoweng motif' is often referred to in Sepedi literature. The works are generally sermonizing in tone and a moral lesson was usually included. Readers later found them very tedious, and when Matsepe appeared on the scene, he took the material for his stories from days of long ago. He, therefore, wrote about kings and heroes, and about war and hunting. Whereas stories written before were no more that short narratives, Matsepe created voluminous novels. He also wrote poetry and published six volumes, some of them of admirable quality. He was twice awarded the S. E. Mqayi prize for literature by the Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns (South African Academy for Science and Art). During one of these award ceremonies he said that he had become tired of the preaching by his predecessors; he intended to regale his readers with absorbing reading matter. While Ramaila taught people to read, Matsepe exposed them to great literature. Because Matsepe's stories were so interesting, they met with general approval almost immediately. This led to a change of direction in Sepedi literature that could to a great degree be attributed to Matsepe's writing. This thesis deals with the influence Matsepe had on other writers. The most important factors determining such an influence are also examined. In this research the avenues of description, comparison and interpretation are expolored. The narratological model was chosen and adapted as a descriptive framework. The emphasis is mainly on the facts used by the authors and the manner in which they were put together. In the latter case this means that not only was the organisation of the information taken into account, but consideration also given to a similarity in the usage of specific word and phrases without reverting to stylistics. In defining the meaning of influence, the concepts of similarity, imitation, translation and plagiarism were also examined and identified. In this context various angles of influence are discussed. The influence of one author on another, influence emanating from literature itself and the influence arising from circumstances were noted. In the research several writers have been named who are said to have been influenced by Matsepe. These conclusions have not been motivated, however. In this study it has therefore been found that these pronouncements were made at random and that influence cannot be considered in all of these cases. On the other hand, a number of authors of the younger generation were discovered who are familiar with Matsepe's work and who are indeed influenced by him. This study has also revealed that Sepedi literature can be divided into two periods. First there was Ramaila period during which people learned to read and write, followed by a second period when readers were no longer interested in dull moral narratives, and thus a new generation of authors emerged. This can be designated as the Matsepe period although it includes writers who have only lately come forward and have not been influenced by Matsepe. The demands of circumstances for a change of direction in Sepedi literature may be ascribed to this. The fact that the second period heralded the growth of this literature is mainly attributed to the satirical nature of many of these works. / Thesis (DLitt (African Languages))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / African Languages / unrestricted

This document describes a major problems with creating 3D applications in a graphic library named OpenGL. There are some basic informations about a GLUT library including main advantages and disadvantages and a description of alternative implementations of a GLUT API. Further content is focused on the most familiar graphic libraries for creating user interfaces which should be used to develop the OpenGL applications and with their advantages and disadvantages too. The next part describes a draft of a new GLUT API implementation based on the selected user interface library. Major part of thesis is about implementation of GtkGLUT library. Reader can find this implementation on CD. Last part describes future development plans.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第18316号 / 農博第2041号 / 新制||農||1020(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H26||N4823(農学部図書室) / 31174 / 京都大学大学院農学研究科食品生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 保川 清, 教授 安達 修二, 教授 伏木 亨 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第20265号 / 医博第4224号 / 新制||医||1021(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 柳田 素子, 教授 武田 俊一, 教授 野田 亮 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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