In my master’s project I investigated an interdisciplinary musical practice based on my artistic and educational background in art, music and philosophy. I chose one concept per discipline: non-idiomatic improvisation from the field of music, the non-productive attitude from art, and pluralist aesthetics from philosophy. I used the three concepts to find materials for my project: both musical materials, for example live improvisation and recordings, and non-musical materials, for example photographs and texts. The materials I found made up the components of a performative piece of music and became musical through contextualisation and metaphor. The photographs, recordings and texts were collected from different periods in my life and represented my interests, relations and values during my different educations. The ensemble that I assembled to perform the music consisted of people that were close to me on both a personal and professional level to emphasise that the music was based on my educational background and personal narrative. Initially I was less interested in the sonorous outcome of my project and I would have accepted it based solely on its interdisciplinary motivations. During my studies I realised that involving musical parameters to a greater extent enhanced the interdisciplinary and non-musical aspects of my project. An important learning outcome of my project was that focusing on the musical particularities of my artistic practice strengthened its interdisciplinary character. This is something that I wish to investigate further as a continuation of this project. / <p>Seduced by (a) last year (Larsson 2020) </p><p>Andreas Hiroui Larsson: composition, cymbals, drums, text, and voice</p><p>Johan Jutterström: saxophone, speaker, USB, and voice</p><p>Johanna Arve: beamer, speaker, USB, and voice</p>

Americans are not financially prepared for retirement and the World Economic Forum (2019) is forecasting the US retirement savings gap to grow consistently for the next three decades. Addressing this retirement savings gap will almost certainly require individuals to increase their retirement savings rate. Embracing this increased individual accountability for retirement savings is found in this research to lead to a higher retirement savings intention. However, this research also found that perceptions about who is accountable for the retirement savings gap is not uniform, but rather is polarized along political lines. Those who affiliate with the Republican party believe relatively more strongly in individual accountability for retirement saving while those who affiliate with the Democratic party believe more strongly in the accountability of institutions like the government, Wall Street and employers. This research experiments with temporal framing as a novel mechanism for disengaging respondents from these politically affiliated retirement savings accountability beliefs, and by doing so, influencing their retirement saving intentions. Temporal framing was chosen as a mechanism for moderating politically affiliated beliefs about perceived accountability for retirement saving because distal temporal framing has been shown in prior research (Roh, McComas, Rickard & Decker, 2015) to be effective in reducing entrenched resistance. Distal framing in this research was expected to reduce resistance to ‘mismatched’ messages – which are ones that counter existing politically affiliated beliefs ab The results confirm a clear distinction between Republican affiliated respondents, who place high accountability for the retirement saving gap on individuals and low accountability on institutions, and Democrat affiliated respondents, who consider both individuals and institutions as accountable. Furthermore, the research confirms that self-identified political affiliation does not influence the importance that respondents placed on retirement savings. And for both political affiliations, a higher perceived individual accountability for retirement savings is associated with an increased retirement savings priority. However, temporal framing as a mechanism for moderating politically affiliated beliefs about accountability was not effective as applied in this research, possibly because the tested messages were not sufficiently persuasive. The findings from this research can be applied by practitioners to set the tone and content of messages about retirement savings, to target messages to the most receptive audiences, and to advance academic understanding of the influence of proximate and distal message framing. And most importantly, this research makes a small but meaningful contribution towards understanding how to ensure a dignified retirement for all Americans. / Business Administration/Marketing

Bakgrund: Antalet bilddiagnostiska undersökningar ökar. Behov finns att implementera riktlinjer för remisser till röntgenavdelningen. 20% av alla DT undersökningar bedöms inte vara berättigade. Under 2017 inleddes översättning till lokala förhållanden och implementering av iGuide på försök i en av Sveriges regioner. Syfte: Syftet är att studera röntgensjuksköterskors- och radiologers erfarenheter från berättigande av undersökningar på röntgenavdelningen. Metod: En empirisk studie med kvalitativ design. En induktiv ansats tillämpades. Semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med legitimerade radiologer och röntgensjuksköterskor. Intervjumaterialet analyserades med en manifest innehållsanalys. Resultat: Innehållsanalysen mynnade ut i följande subkategorier:  Innebörden av berättigande, Ansvarsfördelning vid berättigande, Oberättigade remisser och åtgärder, Remittent och patient inverkar på berättigandet, Organisationen inverkar på berättigandet, Tillgänglighet av olika modaliteter inverkar på berättigandet, IGuide är grundat i problemen med berättigande, samt Resultatet från iGuide-projektet. Subkategorierna bildar tre kategorier: Berättigande av undersökningar, Förekomst av oberättigade undersökningar, samt iGuide som ett sätt att uppnå ökat berättigande. Slutsats: Röntgenutnyttjandet ökar och därmed problemen med berättigande. Radiologerna upplever att brist på tid påverkar berättigandet negativt, också att remittenten ofta har svårt att neka patienter. Röntgensjuksköterskor upplever att kommunikationen avdelningar emellan är viktig för berättigande. Det ökade utbudet av modaliteter beskrivs påverka. IGuide ökar andelen berättigade undersökningar, och minskar antalet begärda bilddiagnostiska undersökningar, men systemet behöver få en ökad användarvänlighet. / Background:  The number of image diagnostic examinations is increasing. There is a need to implement guidelines for referrals to the X-ray department. 20% of all DT examinations are deemed not to be justified. In 2017, implementation and translation into local conditions of iGuide in trial was initiated in one of Sweden's regions. The aim: The aim is to study the experiences of radiographers and radiologists from the justification of examinations in the X-ray department. Method:  An empirical study with qualitative design. The inductive approach was applied. Semi-structured interviews were applied with licensed radiographers and radiologist. The interview material was analyzed with a manifesto content analysis.  Results:  The analysis resulted in the following subcategories: The meaning of justification, The shared responsibility in justification, Unjustified referrals and actions, Remittent and patient impact on justification, The organization impact on justification, The accessibility of various modalities affect justification, IGuide is based on the problems of justification, and The results of the iGuide-project. The subcategories form three categories: Justification of examinations, Existence of unjustified examinations, and IGuide as a means of achieving increased justification. Conclusion:  X-ray utilization is increasing and thus the problems with justification. The radiologists experience that the lack of time affects justification negatively, also that the remittance often has difficulty in denying patients. Radiographers experience that communication between departments is important for justification. The increased range of modalities is described as affecting. IGuide increases the proportion of justified examinations, and reduces the number of requested imaging examinations, but the system needs to be given a greater user-friendliness.

Today, the effective management of people is assuming prominence as a source of sustained business performance improvement. The rationale for this trend is that other significant aspects of business, such as marketing, new technology, market niche, trademarks and brand image have generally been mastered. Therefore, business enterprises are being encouraged in seeking to gain comparative advantage by reliance on their human resources because this aspect of business is arguably more difficult to imitate or understand than the more conventional resources. As a result, there is an awakening of the need to introduce management practices that will concentrate on the added value which a highly motivated work force may provide to the organisation. The idea of added value from a highly motivated work force assumes even greater significance when the main business hinges almost entirely on the attitudes and approaches of people. This concept applies most forcibly to Barbados and the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (BOECS), the region covered by this study. This research therefore, explores the idea of gaining comparative advantage through appropriate people management methods and follows the trend in the developed and more industrialised nations of the world in an effort to determine whether there is a useful model of effective management practices which may be replicated in the BOECS and thus lead to improved business performance in the micro states which constitute this ii region. However, this study is mindful of the limitations of the research methodology which a vast number of contributors to this intriguing topic have employed. Nevertheless, this exploratory attempt examines the issue in the light of its possible positive effect on a previously uncharted area, viz., Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean (BOECS) as far as it relates to scholarly treaties on Human Resource Management. The idea is that even in the absence of clear unequivocal empirical evidence about its benefits, it may be useful to pursue the strategic approach to Human Resource Management including expansion of employee involvement, for it own sake.

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The aim of this dissertation was to address a theoretical debate on belief bias. Belief bias is the tendency for people to be influenced by their prior beliefs when engaged in deductive reasoning. Deduction is the act of drawing necessary conclusions from premises which are meant to be assumed as true. Given that the logical validity of an argument is independent of its content, being influenced by your prior beliefs in such content is considered a bias. Traditional theories posit there are two belief bias components. Motivated reasoning is the tendency to reason better for arguments with unbelievable conclusions relative to arguments with believable conclusions. Response bias is the tendency to accept believable arguments and to reject unbelievable arguments. Dube et al. (2010) pointed out critical methodological problems that undermine evidence for traditional theories. Using signal detection theory (SDT), they found evidence for response bias only. We adopted the SDT method to compare the viability of the traditional and the response bias accounts. In Chapter 1 the relevant literature is reviewed. In Chapter 2 four experiments which employed a novel SDT-based forced choice reasoning method are presented, showing evidence compatible with motivated reasoning. In Chapter 3 four experiments which used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) method are presented. Crucially, cognitive ability turned out to be linked to motivated reasoning. In Chapter 4 three experiments are presented in which we investigated the impact of cognitive ability and analytic cognitive style on belief bias, concluding that cognitive style mediated the effects of cognitive ability on motivated reasoning. In Chapter 5 we discuss our findings in light of a novel individual differences account of belief bias. We conclude that using the appropriate measurement method and taking individual differences into account are two key elements to furthering our understanding of belief bias, human reasoning, and cognitive psychology in general.

Today, the effective management of people is assuming prominence as a source of sustained business performance improvement. The rationale for this trend is that other significant aspects of business, such as marketing, new technology, market niche, trademarks and brand image have generally been mastered. Therefore, business enterprises are being encouraged in seeking to gain comparative advantage by reliance on their human resources because this aspect of business is arguably more difficult to imitate or understand than the more conventional resources. As a result, there is an awakening of the need to introduce management practices that will concentrate on the added value which a highly motivated work force may provide to the organisation. The idea of added value from a highly motivated work force assumes even greater significance when the main business hinges almost entirely on the attitudes and approaches of people. This concept applies most forcibly to Barbados and the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (BOECS), the region covered by this study. This research therefore, explores the idea of gaining comparative advantage through appropriate people management methods and follows the trend in the developed and more industrialised nations of the world in an effort to determine whether there is a useful model of effective management practices which may be replicated in the BOECS and thus lead to improved business performance in the micro states which constitute this ii region. However, this study is mindful of the limitations of the research methodology which a vast number of contributors to this intriguing topic have employed. Nevertheless, this exploratory attempt examines the issue in the light of its possible positive effect on a previously uncharted area, viz., Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean (BOECS) as far as it relates to scholarly treaties on Human Resource Management. The idea is that even in the absence of clear unequivocal empirical evidence about its benefits, it may be useful to pursue the strategic approach to Human Resource Management including expansion of employee involvement, for it own sake.