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Thesis, PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: Stuart A. Binder-Macleod, Dept. of Physical Therapy. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2008. Graduate Programme in Biology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR51727

Theses (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains vii, 96 p. Includes vitae. Bibliography: p. 87-92.

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This research is concerned with exploring the relationship between car driving and musculoskeletal troubles and following on from this investigating methods which could aid the automotive industry in the design and evaluation of car seats. The thesis is divided into two parts. Part I describes the development and results of an epidemiological survey undertaken with data obtained from two sample groups. Study 1 was an interview survey (based on the Nordic Questionnaire) of 600 members of the British public, randomly selected within the strata of age and gender. Study 2 used the same interview, but with two carefully chosen groups of police officers (n=200). The results indicated that car drivers (especially those who drove as part of their job) appeared to be at risk in terms of reported discomfort and sickness absence due to low back trouble. Evidence from this and other studies has also indicated that drivers with the most adjustable driving packages may benefit in terms of both reduced discomfort and reduced sickness absence. This provided the background for the subsequent research in Part II and some impetus for car manufacturers to consider health issues in the design of car workstations. Part II involved a series of three experiments designed to investigate methodologies which could be used by manufacturers to predict car seat discomfort The literature was reviewed to identify suitable predictive techniques which would be robust enough to provide information to the automotive industry in 'real world' situations. The technique of interface pressure measurement had already generated interest in some seat manufacturers and was therefore selected for investigation. As a result of the findings in experiment 1, established guidelines for a comfortable driving posture may need to be modified. The other two experiments were designed to create discomfort in subjects firstly by varying foam hardness and secondly by varying posture. A clear, simple and consistent relationship between interface pressure and discomfort in realistic driving situations was not identified. Future studies using this technique should provide information regarding such factors as gender, the body mass index, anthropometric data, posture and foam hardness due to the confounding nature of these variables.

Orientador: Neusa Maria Costa Alexandre / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T20:07:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Panzeri_AnaJuliaFrazao_M.pdf: 6472430 bytes, checksum: 8f2bd57c6fd5610ee10959cde873b390 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi identificar a ocorrência de sintomas musculoesqueléticos em professores do Ensino Fundamental, bem como a sua localização corporal, aspectos de qualidade de vida e tarefas do trabalho docente percebidas como mais fatigantes. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com 157 professores efetivos da rede estadual e municipal de ensino da cidade de São João da Boa Vista. Foi utilizado um questionário auto-aplicável composto por quatro partes. Os instrumentos compreenderam um inventário sobre dados gerais e ocupacionais, uma adaptação da parte geral do Questionário Nórdico; o questionário genérico de avaliação da qualidade de vida (SF-36) e a escala RPE (Rating of Perceived Exertion) de Borg. Inicialmente foi realizada uma análise descritiva. Para realizar a análise estatística compararam-se dois grupos de sujeitos, com e sem sintomas nos últimos 12 meses. Posteriormente, compararam-se esses dois grupos especificamente em relação às regiões corporais de maior ocorrência de sintomas. As variáveis categóricas foram analisadas pelo teste de associação Qui-Quadrado ou teste de Fisher, e as variáveis contínuas pelo teste Mann-Whitney por abordagem metodológica quantitativa, com um nível de significância de 5%. Foi realizada também uma análise de regressão logística multivariada. Dos participantes, 90,4% apresentaram sintomas musculoesqueléticos nos últimos 12 meses e 64,3% nos últimos sete dias. As áreas corporais mais atingidas foram as regiões lombar, torácica, cervical, ombros e punhos e mãos. Quanto aos indicadores de gravidade, 35,7% referiram ter deixado de realizar atividades normais e 44,6% procuraram um profissional da área da saúde em razão da presença desses sintomas. Os dados sugeriram que professores mais jovens, que não possuem uma união estável, sem filhos e com um tempo menor de atuação profissional estão mais sujeitos ao aparecimento de sintomas osteomusculares. Os professores que referiram dor osteomuscular apresentaram, comprometimento nos seguintes domínios da qualidade de vida: dor, vitalidade, aspecto emocional, saúde mental, aspecto social, estado geral de saúde, aspectos físicos e capacidade funcional. Quanto às atividades do trabalho percebidas como mais fatigantes para o sistema musculoesquelético, "corrigir caderno na carteira do aluno (com inclinação de tronco) na posição em pé", "permanecer em pé durante toda a aula", "retirar grandes quantidades de materiais do armário e levá-los a mesa do professor" e "escrever na lousa" foram as atividades que apresentaram escores mais altos. Os resultados deste estudo confirmam a gravidade do problema entre os professores e reforçam a necessidade de novas pesquisas / Abstract: The objective of the present study was to identify the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms in teachers, as well as their localization, aspects of quality of lifeand teaching tasks perceived as more stressful. This is a transversal study carried out with 157 teachers of the state and city educational network in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. A self-applicable questionnaire, composed of four parts, was used. The instruments comprehended an inventory on unspecified and occupational data, adapted from the general portion of the Nordic Questionnaire; the generic questionnaire for evaluation of quality of life (SF-36) and Borg's RPE scale (Rating of Perceived Exertion). A descriptive analysis was performed as a first step. In order to carry out the statistical analysis two groups of subjects were compared, with and without symptoms in the previous 12 months. These two groups were afterward specifically compared as regards the body areas where symptom occurrence is more common. Chi-square or exact Fisher tests was applied for categorical variables, and the Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables additionally multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed. The significance levei adopted for statistical analysis was 5%. Of ali participants, 90.4% presented musculoskeletal symptoms in the previous 12 months and 64.3% in the previous seven days. The most frequently affected body areas were the lumbar, thoracic, cervical, shoulder and wrist and hand regions. As regards severity indicators, 35.7% referred having discontinued normal activities and 44.6% sought the attention of a health care professional as a result of the presence of these symptoms. The data suggest that younger teachers, who are not in a stable affective relationship, do not have children and have less time of professional activity are more prone to the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptom. The teachers that complained of musculoskeletal pain presented impairment of the followingquality of life aspects: pain, vitality,emotional aspect, mental health, social aspect, general health, physical aspects and functional capacity. Concerning the work activities perceived as more stressful to the musculoskeletal system, such as "Correcting assignments at the student's desk (bending the trunk) in the standing position", "Remaining in the standing position during the entire class"I "Removing large quantities of materiais from the cupboard and take them to the teacher's desk" and "Writingon the board"were the activities that presented the highest scores. The results of this study confirm the severity of the problem among teachers and emphasize the need for new research / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem

The focus of the present study was on the investigation of the effects of an intervention strategy on an industrial task in situ and a simulation of the same task within a laboratory setting. The task of offloading crates from a truck at a local business was simulated in a laboratory setting for rigorous analysis. The effect of an ergonomically sound intervention on selected physical, physiological and perceptual variables was evaluated in a test - retest experimental set-up using 28 young, healthy male students. Each of the two experimental conditions lasted for 16 minutes. In the pre-intervention task subjects were required to transfer the crates from one point to another by sliding them along the floor. During the execution of the post-intervention task responses to reductions in the stacking height and modifications of the working method were evaluated. Results obtained for spinal kinematics during the simulated industrial task indicated a high biomechanical risk, due to large ranges of motion, high velocities and accelerations in the sagittal and transverse planes. The heavy workload of the task was also evident in elevated physiological responses (HR, RF, VT, VE, VO2, RQ, EE) and perceptual ratings (RPE, Body Discomfort). Assessment of the intervention strategy revealed that the ‘high risk’ industrial task was reduced to ‘moderate acceptable’, with measurements of spinal kinematics, physiological and perceptual variables being significantly reduced. An in situ re-assessment of the workers’ responses to the intervention also elicited reductions in heart rates and perceptual ratings compared to the original task.