This exploratory study measured the generic music style preferences of urban South African adolescents using a cross-section of grade nine adolescent learners living in Johannesburg. Johannesburg is the third largest city in Africa and the largest in sub-Saharan Africa. Quantitatively, through a survey, the research determined which music styles were preferred and qualitatively, through interviews, established the extent to which multifarious variables affected preference. LeBlanc’s Model of the Sources of Variation in Music Preference was used as the theoretical framework upon which the study was built. A similar study, completed ten years ago on South African urban adolescents, conducted by Jennifer James, inspired this study and was used as a point of departure for this project. James’s 2000 study was entitled, Generic Style Music Preferences of Urban South African Students. Examples of fifteen generic styles of music, selected from popular, classical and indigenous traditions, were used as music excerpts in the listening test (Music Preference Questionnaire). Through purposive sampling, a total of five-hundred and sixty-eight learners in grade nine participated in the study. The learner sample used was demographically true in its representation of the country’s population. Three broad categories of variables pertaining to preference were delineated and discussed within the study. These encompassed listener, music and environmental variables. Learner variables included: music training, gender (sex), ethnic group (race and language), socio-economic status, and age. Music variables pertaining to preference included: physiological properties of the stimulus [music], complexity of the stimulus [music], and referential meaning of the stimulus [music]. Environmental variables pertaining to preference included media, peer influence, family influence, and the influence of teachers and authority figures. The study revealed that the current generic music style preferences of South African urban adolescents in order of most to least preferred were: Rhythm and Blues, Western Pop, Kwaito, Reggae, House, Hip-Hop, South African Pop, Western Choral, Metal, Rock, Gospel Jazz, Traditional African, Western Classical and Indian Classical. / Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Music / unrestricted

Tyrimo tikslas - ištirti Vilniaus rajono ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus. Tyrimo objektas - veiksniai, kurie daro įtaką vaiko nuostatoms apie įvairų stilių klausomą muziką. Tyrimo uždaviniai: apžvelgti teorinę literatūrą apie vaikų muzikinio skonio ir muzikinės tapatybės formavimąsi; anketine apklausa nustatyti keturių Vilniaus apskrities mokyklų ketvirtų klasių mokinių prielankumą įvairių stilių muzikai; grupinio interviu metu išsiaiškinti mokinių nuostatas ir įvairias priežastis, kurios lemia abejingumą ar prielankumą klausomai muzikai; išnagrinėti, ar berniukų ir mergaičių nuostatos skiriasi klausomos muzikos atžvilgiu. Per pastaruosius 30 metų pasaulyje gana daug atlikta tyrimų analizuojančių mokinių muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus iš įvairių perspektyvų, tokių kaip: muzikos klausytojų pasirinkimas atliekant įvairias užduotis; nuomonės ir pirmenybės, teikiamos įvairiems muzikos stiliams ir dainoms; klausytojų pasirinkimas iš įvairių muzikos bruožų. Tačiau Lietuvoje nepavyko rasti tyrimų analizuojančių ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus. Tokio pobūdžio tyrimai leistų išsiaiškinti ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus ir veiksnius, kurie susiję su jų pasirinkimais. Šie tyrimai leis mokytojui geriau suprasti mokinį, tinkamai parinkti pamokose klausomą muziką.Kažką apie būtinumą geriau suprasti mokinį, ir tik tada gali jį motyvuoti. Tyrimas buvo atliktas 2009 metų rudenį Eitminiškių vidurinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study was to investigate various aspects of music listening preferences among fourth grade students in the rural area around Vilnius, Lithuania. Four schools were included in the study. The study was conducted in the autumn of 2009 at Eitminiškių Secondary School and its branches at Ažulaukės, Visalaukės, Sužionys. The sample consisted of 29 fourth grade pupils: 16 girls and 13 boys. The research includes an overview of the theoretical literature on children’s musical taste and musical identity formation; a survey questionnaire to determine dispositions regarding different styles of music among fourth grade schoolchildren.; Group interviews of students were conducted to find out the various causes which lead to likes or dislikes of certain types of music. Gender differences were also examined Over the past 30 years many research studies have been conducted analyzing students’ choices of music features from various perspectives, such as: choice of music while performing a range of tasks; opinions and priorities attached to various styles of music and songs; listeners’ choice of different musical features. In Lithuania, however, there is a dearth of studies analyzing primary grade students’ listening preferences and related topics. . Such studies would help clarify the nature of fourth grade students’ music listening choice and factors associated with their choices. This would help teachers better understand the learner, and choose more effective music... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:31:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Rauski.pdf: 1589118 bytes, checksum: 6867292099038f8e67332bb2ef816858 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-22 / As an activity which is present in the human beings everyday life, music is also an element inherent in social inter-relations, and can be taken as the object of different representations. In the current society, music is seen as an activity related to the expression of emotions and feelings, a kind of entertainment or relaxing activity, a means of communication, a way of escaping from or highlighting life problems, an element to be taken advantage of and enjoyed, among others. When specifically approaching music teaching in Brazilian schools, some factors such as the preference for technical and scientific subjects, which have proved economic usefulness, and the conceptions that usually emptied music from its teaching aspect - contributed to the fact that music has not been seen, in several historical periods, as an essential subject in school curricula. The understanding of the reinsertion of music as a compulsory component in Brazilian schools due to the Federal Law nº 11.769/2008, gives rise to an environment of fight for the legitimacy of music as a relevant component in the Brazilian schools, in a context in which the observation of teenagers’ life and practices is of great importance to effect music teaching in the classroom. This also involves considering music resulting from the cultural industry, in a process of construction of meanings that take into consideration the constant changes in the music scenery. In such context, this investigation aims: a) to identify which social representations elementary school 9th grade students hold of music and musical styles; b) to describe how these representations are organized and exposed; c) to analyze the social representations of music lessons held by elementary school 9th grade students. The study was developed in three public schools and in three private schools in the city of Ponta Grossa – PR and region, and was supported by the Social Representations Theory, according to Moscovici and colleagues, and the Social Representations Structural Approach, proposed by Abric in 1976. A qualitative and quantitative approach was employed, with pluri-methodological analysis procedures. The data collection was carried out through questionnaires (N=233), and the data analysis was aided by the software EVOC, COMPLEX, SIMI, ALCESTE and SPSS, in addition to the content analysis. Results revealed that: a) students’ SR are influenced by the family, religion, school musical habits and, mainly by the media. The habit of listening to music is effected through different medias, mainly the mobile ones, and enjoying music is associated to relaxing moments; b) music SR have as their central elements the expression of feelings, well-being and fun, revealing the mediation character ascribed to music by the students; c) musical styles SR present pop, rock and sertanejo (a kind of country music with pop influence in Brazil) as their central nucleus; d) the music lesson is represented by the students as important, but not as much as other subjects. The ideal music lesson SR have fun, favorite musical styles and music practice as central elements; e) The SR investigated are part of an SR system, in which musical styles, fun and relaxation are the most frequent elements; f) The SR investigated suggest some distance between the music lesson which follows the model “conservatory” and the teenagers’ current expectations. / Como atividade sempre presente no cotidiano dos seres humanos, a música é também um elemento decorrente das inter-relações sociais, podendo ser tomada como objeto de diferentes representações. Na sociedade atual, a música é vista como uma atividade relacionada à expressão de emoções e sentimentos, forma de divertimento ou relaxamento, modo de comunicação, maneira de fugir ou de evidenciar problemas da vida, elemento para ser usufruído e apreciado, entre outros. Especificamente falando do ensino da música nas escolas brasileiras, alguns fatores − como a preferência por disciplinas de caráter técnico e científico, de utilidade econômica comprovada, e as concepções que geralmente esvaziavam a música do seu sentido pedagógico − colaboraram para que ela não fosse, em diversos períodos da história, considerada como uma disciplina essencial nos currículos escolares. Entendendo o período de reinserção da música como componente obrigatório nas escolas a partir da Lei Federal n° 11.769/2008, configura-se um ambiente de luta pela legitimação da música como componente de importância nas escolas brasileiras, em um contexto no qual a observação das vivências e práticas dos adolescentes é significativamente importante para a efetivação do ensino da música em sala de aula. Isso envolve considerar também as músicas decorrentes da indústria cultural, num processo de construção de significados que leve em conta a constante mudança do cenário musical. Nesse contexto, a presente investigação tem por objetivos: a) identificar quais são as representações sociais que alunos do 9° ano do ensino fundamental têm sobre música e estilos musicais; b) descrever como essas representações se organizam e se manifestam; c) analisar as representações sociais da aula de música por alunos do 9° ano do ensino fundamental. A pesquisa foi realizada em três escolas públicas e em três escolas particulares do município de Ponta Grossa – PR e região, e teve como aporte teórico a Teoria das Representações Sociais, segundo Moscovici e colaboradores, e a Abordagem Estrutural das Representações Sociais, proposta por Abric em 1976. Foram empregadas as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, com procedimentos plurimetodológicos de análise. A coleta das informações foi realizada mediante questionários (N = 233), e a análise dos dados contou com o auxílio dos softwares EVOC, COMPLEX, SIMI, ALCESTE e SPSS, além da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que: a) as RS dos alunos são influenciadas pelos hábitos musicais familiares, religiosos, escolares e, sobretudo pela mídia. O hábito de escuta musical se dá a partir dos mais diferentes meios, principalmente dos móveis, e a apreciação musical está associada a momentos de descontração; b) as RS de música têm como elementos centrais as expressões sentimento, bem-estar e entretenimento, revelando o caráter de mediação atribuído à música pelos alunos; c) as RS dos estilos musicais têm em seu núcleo central o pop, o rock e o sertanejo; c) aula de música é representada pelos alunos como importante, mas não tanto quanto outras disciplinas. As RS da aula de música ideal têm como elementos centrais diversão, estilos musicais preferidos e práticas musicais; e) as RS investigadas fazem parte de um sistema de RS, no qual os estilos musicais, diversão e relaxamento são os elementos mais frequentes; f) As RS investigadas sugerem um distanciamento entre a aula de música que segue modelos “conservatoriais” e as expectativas atuais dos adolescentes.