Civil two floors building serving as a base for athletes with further use for offices, cafe-bar, a fitness center and billiards club. The building is being designed in Jihlava in the area of football pitches with athletic oval. The building is situated near the cinema, children's playground and the Zoological Garden in Jihlava. Built-up land area is 2006 m2. The maximum capacity of the building is 418 persons and 430 capacity of grandstands. The building is constructed of ceramic bricks Porotherm. The roof construction is made of wooden trusses with a slope of three degrees. The draft of the object emphasizes the building layout, fire safety and energy savings.

The final thesis is focused on a new building of School of arts in Valašské Meziříčí. The object has three floors, it has a basement and two above-ground floors witch a flat roof. A loadbearing structure is made of skeleton - reinforced concrete monolithic columns and reinforced concrete monolithic floor slabs. Filling masonry is made of ceramic tiles. Object has thermal insulation by mineral wool. Detailed solution of final thesis deals with the solution of main building School of arts, where are the schoolrooms and technical facilities. In the other parts of the object are a staff facilities, multipurpose hall, café and underground garage.

Microscopic video images of microcirculation have been used in clinical diagnosis for years, and theparameters obtained from images reveal most physiological activities and body organizations.Particularly, the blood flow speed is one of important indexes, which reflects the state ofmicrocirculation and make significant marks in diagnosis.In order to measure capillary blood velocity, a quantity of methods and instruments have beenstudied and developed. Based on the format of measurement, microscopy approaches used widely,can be grouped into two categories. One direct way applies microscopic-imaging technology forvisualization. The other way uses assistant methods such as laser-illumination [1] or labeling RBCswith fluorescein isothiocyanate [2]. In previous study, four methods (Direct Observation Method,Dual-windows Method, Single-window Method, Optical Flow Method) have been studied andanalysed in order to achieve better performance. But still there is a non-negligible deviation inmeasurement within different tries and compared to the data we retrieve from hospital.This study, inspired by previous work, aims to further investigate efficient and reliable algorithms forextracting capillary blood velocity. One possible solution is to implement feature based estimation tocalculate the blood flow speed distribution automatically, point by point along the middle line oftargeting blood vessel. We inherit the idea of generating motion vectors from Optic Flow algorithmwhich has the best accuracy performance in vehicle identification domain. But original optic flowalgorithm makes the system too sophisticated and time consuming. Moreover, its two required basicrules may not stand during the blood flow velocity detection. So a customized feature basedestimation is brought up here and supposed to be a practicable method for analysis not only inaccuracy but also in efficiency. Moreover, this report also introduces picture shifting, red blood cellmotion, and double windows marking to compare and to confirm the results. Previous work will beused as a reference for the assessment of new algorithms. / Mikroskopiska videobilder av mikrosirkulation har använts vid klinisk diagnos i flera år, och parametrarna erhållna från bilder avslöjar de flesta fysiologiska aktiviteter och kroppsorganisationer. Särskilt är blodflödeshastigheten ett av viktiga index, som återspeglar tillståndet för mikrosirkulation och gör betydande märken vid diagnosen.För att mäta kapillärblodshastighet har en mängd metoder och instrument studerats och utvecklats. Baserat på mätformatet kan mikroskopimetoder som används allmänt grupperas i två kategorier. Ett direkt sätt använder mikroskopisk bildteknologi för visualisering. Det andra sättet använder assistentmetoder som laserbelysning [1] eller märkning av RBC med fluoresceinisotiocyanat [2]. I tidigare studier har fyra metoder (Direct Observation Method, Dual-windows Method, Single-Window Method, Optical Flow Method) studerats och analyserats för att uppnå bättre prestanda. Men det finns fortfarande en icke försumbar avvikelse i mätningen inom olika försök och jämfört med de data vi hämtar från sjukhuset.Denna studie, inspirerad av tidigare arbete, syftar till att ytterligare undersöka effektiva och tillförlitliga algoritmer för att extrahera kapillärblodhastighet. En möjlig lösning är att implementera funktionsbaserad uppskattning för att beräkna blodflödeshastighetsfördelningen automatiskt, punkt för punkt längs mittlinjen för riktad blodkärl. Vi ärver idén att generera rörelsesvektorer från Optic Flow-algoritmen som har den bästa noggrannhetsprestanda inom fordonsidentifieringsdomän. Men den ursprungliga optiska flödesalgoritmen gör systemet för sofistikerat och tidskrävande. Dessutom kanske dess två nödvändiga grundregler inte gäller under detektionen av blodflödeshastighet. Så en anpassad funktionsbaserad uppskattning tas upp här och antas vara en genomförbar metod för analys inte bara i noggrannhet utan också i effektivitet. Dessutom introducerar detta papper också bildförskjutning, rörelse av röda blodkroppar och dubbla fönstermarkeringar för att jämföra och bekräfta resultaten. Tidigare arbete kommer att användas som referens förbedömning av nya algoritmer.

This thesis examines the bearing capacity, stiffness, shear and moment force of a continuous wooden beam and how the parameters of the beam changes when the beam is spliced ​​with nail plate. A literature study has been conducted to examine which studies have been carried out in this field. Construction timber is the most common wooden element for wooden constructions but has limitations in available lengths since the maximum length manufactured is 5400 mm. If larger lengths are required, splicing must occur or use of other materials.   The study examines a 2 series, a 3-point series (moment and shear) and a 4-point series (moment). Each series consists off 3 trials in each series to see how shear and moment force affect the strength. The study also shows which off the joints that gives the least strength. The samples are tested in a draw and pressure machine lying on 2 supports and with a point load for the 3-point method and 2-point loads for the 4-point method. In the trials pressure is applied until the beams break. The study investigates the lab results, fracture state and use state for the wooden beams being tested. The result of the study shows that a splicing will lower the wood's carrying capacity between 21-60% compared to a non-spliced beam for the 3-point method and a reduction of 40-66% compared to a non-spliced beam for the 4-point method. Despite the lowered bearing capacity all the experiments are still within the characteristic value and approved for use. A larger dimension on the nail plate would probably have given a better value. / Detta examensarbete undersöker bärförmåga, styvhet, moment- och tvärkrafts påverkan hos en kontinuerlig träbalk och hur parametrarna för balken ändras då balken skarvas med spikplåt. En litteraturstudie har genomförts för att undersöka vilka studier som utförts på området. Konstruktionsvirke är det vanligaste träelementet vid träkonstruktioner men har begränsningar i tillgängliga längder då maxlängden som tillverkas är 5400mm. Vid behov av större längder måste skarvning förekomma eller användning av andra material. I studien undersöks två serier, en 3-punktsserie (moment och tvärkraft) samt en 4-punktsserie (moment). Varje serie består av 3 försök för att se hur moment och tvärkraft påverkar hållfastheten. Studien visar även vilken typ av skarv som ger minst hållfasthet. Proverna testas i en drag-tryck-maskin liggandes på 2 upplag med 1 punktlast anbringad för 3-punktsmetoden och 2 punktlaster för 4-punktsmetoden. I försöken anbringas kraft på balkarna tills de går i brott. Studien undersöker labbvärdet, brottstadiet och bruksstadiet för balkarna som testas. Analysen av försöken visar att en skarvning kommer sänka balken bärförmåga med mellan 21–60% gentemot en ren träbalk för trepunktsmetoden och en minskning på mellan 40–66% gentemot en ren träbalk för fyrpunktsmetoden. Trots den sänkta bärförmågan för balken i testerna är alla försöken inom det karaktäristiska värdet och godkända att användas. En större dimension på spikplåten hade antagligen gett ett bättre värde.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the effect of genetic mutations on the pathophysiology of two human disorders: Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA) and isolated congenital nail dysplasia. The first part of this thesis (Paper I-III) investigates the mechanism associated with DBA. DBA is a rare bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by the absence or decrease of erythroid precursor cells. The disease is further associated with growth retardation, malformations, predisposition to malignant disease and heterozygous mutations in ribosomal protein (RP) genes. The second part of this thesis (Paper IV) investigates the genetic basis of isolated autosomal recessive nail dysplasia characterized by pachyonychia and onycholysis of both finger- and toenails. It further dissects the molecular mechanisms regulating nail development. In the first study, we investigated the previously reported RPS19/PIM-1 interaction by generating a combined Rps19/Pim-1 knockout mouse model. We found that allelic Rps19 insufficiency and Pim-1 deficiency have a cooperative effect on murine hematopoiesis resulting in increased myeloid cellularity associated with cell cycle alterations and reduced apoptosis. In the second study, we analyzed primary fibroblasts from DBA patients with truncating mutations in RPS19 or RPS24 and observed a marked delay in cellular growth associated with specific cell cycle defects. In the third study, we discovered that recombinant RPS19 binds its own mRNA and that the binding is altered when two DBA-associated RPS19 mutations are introduced. In the fourth study, we identified mutations in the WNT signaling receptor Frizzled 6 (FZD6). We observed that the nonsense mutant fails to interact with the first downstream effector Dishevelled. Fzd6 mutant mice displayed claw malformations and we detected a transient Fzd6 expression in the distal digits at the embryonic time point for nail development. In summary, this thesis elucidates several mechanisms in the etiology of DBA and congenital nail dysplasia and mechanisms regulating nail development.

Orientador: Lucilene Silva Ruiz e Resende / Resumo: Pesquisaram-se 28 antígenos eritrocitários pertencentes aos sistemas de grupos sanguíneos humanos ABO, H, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Lewis, P, MNS, Lutheran e Diego, nos eritrócitos de 9 macacos-prego (Sapajus sp) e 10 macacos bugios (Alouatta sp).A maioria dos antígenos humanos pesquisados não foi observada nos 2gêneros de macacos, correspondendo a 19/28 antígenos negativosnos Sapajus sp, e 20/28 antígenos negativosnos Alouatta sp. A fenotipagem eritrocitária foi bastante semelhante em cada grupo de animais, sendo que 5 macacos-prego diferiram dos outros 4 apenasno sistema ABO, e 3 macacos bugios diferiram dos demais 7somente no sistema MNS.Houve diferenças antigênicasentre os gênerosem apenas4 sistemas de grupos pesquisados (P, ABO, Rh, MNS). Constataram-se, nos animais, alguns antígenos eritrocitários com frequências semelhantes e outros com frequências opostas às observadas em humanos ou etnias humanas. Em comparação comestudos prévios envolvendo macacos-prego e macacos bugios, observou-se concordância quanto à presença ou ausência de alguns antígenos eritrocitários, e discordância em relação a outros.Que seja do nosso conhecimento, o presente estudo é o mais completo já realizado quanto ao número de antígenos eritrocitários pesquisados em macacos do Novo Mundo, especialmenteem macacos brasileiros. / Mestre

Submitted by Adaize Pereira da Silva null (adaizebtu@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-27T13:16:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Adaize Pereira da Silva 2017.pdf: 4597216 bytes, checksum: 9b1d24ba6fa08e7d6ad4c1c97960e1e8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-07-31T18:44:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_ap_me_bot.pdf: 4597216 bytes, checksum: 9b1d24ba6fa08e7d6ad4c1c97960e1e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-31T18:44:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_ap_me_bot.pdf: 4597216 bytes, checksum: 9b1d24ba6fa08e7d6ad4c1c97960e1e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-29 / Pesquisaram-se 28 antígenos eritrocitários pertencentes aos sistemas de grupos sanguíneos humanos ABO, H, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Lewis, P, MNS, Lutheran e Diego, nos eritrócitos de 9 macacos-prego (Sapajus sp) e 10 macacos bugios (Alouatta sp).A maioria dos antígenos humanos pesquisados não foi observada nos 2gêneros de macacos, correspondendo a 19/28 antígenos negativosnos Sapajus sp, e 20/28 antígenos negativosnos Alouatta sp. A fenotipagem eritrocitária foi bastante semelhante em cada grupo de animais, sendo que 5 macacos-prego diferiram dos outros 4 apenasno sistema ABO, e 3 macacos bugios diferiram dos demais 7somente no sistema MNS.Houve diferenças antigênicasentre os gênerosem apenas4 sistemas de grupos pesquisados (P, ABO, Rh, MNS). Constataram-se, nos animais, alguns antígenos eritrocitários com frequências semelhantes e outros com frequências opostas às observadas em humanos ou etnias humanas. Em comparação comestudos prévios envolvendo macacos-prego e macacos bugios, observou-se concordância quanto à presença ou ausência de alguns antígenos eritrocitários, e discordância em relação a outros.Que seja do nosso conhecimento, o presente estudo é o mais completo já realizado quanto ao número de antígenos eritrocitários pesquisados em macacos do Novo Mundo, especialmenteem macacos brasileiros. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of 28 erythrocyte antigens of 11 human blood groups systems (ABO, H, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Lewis, P, MNS, Lutheran and Diego) on erythrocytes of 9 nail monkeys (Sapajus sp) and 10 howler monkeys (Alouatta sp). Most of the human erythrocyte antigens were not observed in the 2 generaof monkeys, corresponding to 19/28 negative antigens in Sapajus sp, and 20/28 negative antigens in Alouatta sp. Erythrocyte phenotyping was very similar in each group, being that 5 nail monkeys differed from the other 4 only for the ABO system, and 3 howler monkeys differed from the other 7 only for the MNS system.Antigenic differences between the 2 generawere observed only for 4 blood groups systems (P, ABO, Rh, MNS). This study revealed that some monkey erythrocyte antigens were similar in frequency, and others werein opposite frequency from those observed in human or human ethnicities.When this study is compared with previous similar studies some concordance and some disagreement of findings are found, but as far as we known our study is the most complete in relation to the number of investigated erythrocyte antigens in New World monkeys, specially in the Brazilian ones.

Abstract The purposes of the present research were (1) to analyse and characterize the hip fractures treated at Oulu University Hospital during a one-year period using the special forms of the Standardized Audit of Hip Fractures in Europe (SAHFE) and to evaluate their value for quality control, (2) to compare gamma nail (GN) and dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation for the treatment of trochanteric hip fractures, focusing especially on the functional aspects, (3) to compare the short-term outcome of gamma nail (GN) and dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation for the treatment of subtrochanteric hip fractures, and (4) to examine the rate and reliability of the classification of basicervical hip fractures and the outcome of the operative methods used for their treatment. Oulu University Hospital joined the Swedish Hip Fracture Project (Rikshöft), aimed at developing the quality control of hip fracture treatment, in 1989, and this later evolved into a project called the Standardized Audit of Hip Fractures in Europe (SAHFE), funded by the European Commission. Registration of hip fractures on the SAHFE forms was common practise in Oulu from 1st September 1997 until the end of December 2003. SAHFE data collection forms were used in all four studies belonging to this thesis. There were 238 hip fracture patients during the one-year period of registration at Oulu University Hospital. The intracapsular / extracapsular fracture rate (60/40) and the female/male rate (80/20) seemed to be similar to those reported in the recent Finnish Health Care Register data. The most frequent method for treating cervical fractures was Austin-Moore hemiarthroplasty (68%) and that for trochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures GN fixation (86%). The SAHFE forms proved to be easy to use and practicable for evaluating the quality of hip fracture treatment. In a matched-pair study the short-term outcomes of the treatment of trochanteric fractures (after 4 months) were slightly better in the DHS group than in the GN group with respect to walking ability and mortality. The difference in mortality was at least partly due to the higher number of complications requiring re-operations associated with GN fixation. In the treatment of subtrochanteric hip fractures, there were four intraoperative complications (9.3%) in the GN group but none in the DHS group. On the other hand, postoperative complications were more common in the DHS group (20% vs. 2%). It is significant that all these complications in the DHS group occurred in Seinsheimer type IIIA fractures. It is concluded that, despite the perioperative problems associated with gamma nailing, this technique may be preferable to DHS fixation for specific fracture types with medial cortical comminutation, such as Seinsheimer type IIIA. Altogether 108 of the 1624 hip fractures were initially classified by the surgeons as basicervical fractures, but after a careful second look only 30 fulfilled all the criteria. The definitive rate of basicervical fractures was thus 1.8%. Treatment of basicervical fractures as trochanteric fractures proved superior to their treatment as cervical fractures, resulting in lower re-operation rates. In conclusions; this thesis suggests that SAHFE forms are very useful for evaluating the quality of hip fracture treatment. Both GN fixation and DHS fixation are effective methods for the treatment of trochanteric hip fractures in elderly patients; in less comminuted fractures, the DHS method is the preferred method of treatment whereas GN fixation is alternative treatment for more comminuted fractures. GN fixation is preferable for the subtrochanteric fratures. Basicervical fractures shoud be regarded clinically as extracapsular fractures and managed in a similar manner to trochanteric fractures.

The presented Master Thesis is focused on the structural analysis of the proximal femur on which the Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) and Proximal Femoral Tele-Screw (PFT) systems are applied. These systems are used for a treatment of the intertrochanteric and femoral neck fractures. However, in some cases a loss of stability of the systems may be expected. The presented thesis describes a development of numerical models in which stress distribution of implants and strain distribution of bone tissue are compared. Numerical models were created from real objects. The model of femur geometry was created by using the Computed Tomography (CT). Boundary conditions of the model were estimated from the force equilibrium of the lower limb. All numerical models were processed in the commercial package ANSYS Workbench v15.0. It is shown that the hip screws of the PFN system result in lower equivalent stresses than the screws of the PFT system. Maximal strains of the bone tissue, when using the PFN system, are situated near the fracture, close the hip screw thread. For the PFT system, the maximal strains are only near the area of fracture.

In the pool of women over the age of 50, the likeliness of an atypical fracture increase drastically, partly due to osteoporosis. With a pre-existing implant in the femur bone, inserted due to a prior atypical fracture, treating a later femoral neck fracture is complex and risky. Currently, a fractured femoral diaphysis is treated using an intermedullary nail which is fixed to the femur bone either through the femoral neck (Recon locking method)or through the lesser trochanter (Antegrade locking method). In a study conducted by Bögl et.al. JBJS102.17 (2020), pp. 1486-1494, it is found that the fixation of the intermedullary nail through the femoral neck reduces the risk of future femoral neck fractures. The study also states that more than 50% of the patients with atypical femoral fractures related to bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis (within the study sub population) were treated with the Antegrade locking implant. There does not exist much literature that reasons as to how one locking method is showing lesser risk of re-operation as compared to the other. The purpose of this study is to look into the effects these two implants have on the femur bone using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The study presented is aimed at comparing the results of the finite element analysis for the Recon implant model (Recon model) and Antegrade implant model (Antegrade model). The femur model without the implants (native bone model) is used to verify material behavior, while the other two are used for the comparison to study the stress-strain distribution, primarily in the neck region. This is a patient specific study, hence the femur bone model is generated using patient Computed Tomography (CT) scans. The bone model was assigned a heterogeneous isotropic material property derived from patient CT data. The finite element (FE) model of the bone was meshed using Hypermesh. The peak loading condition including the muscle forces were applied on the native bone model along with the Recon and the Antegrademodel. While the loading conditions during normal walking cycle were only applied to theRecon and the Antegrade model to compare the impacts of the two implant types. Both loading conditions were simulated by fixing the distal condyle region of the bone. The analysis results show that the Antegrade implant experiences much higher stresses and strains in the neck region as compared to Recon implant. Also, the presence of the intermedullary nail through the femur diaphysis helps to distribute the stresses and strains in the anterior distal diaphysis region of the bone. For the case of no implants, the model showed strains and stresses in the lateral distal region of femoral diaphysis.