I Finland antogs en jourreform i december 2016, vilken ingick i en större socialhälso-och sjukvårdsreform. Den föregicks av en intensiv språkdebatt eftersom den finlandssvenska minoriteten - tillsammans med flera remissinstanser - ansåg att de grundlagsenliga språkrättigheterna för svensktalande kunde komma att riskeras. Det enda sjukhus med svenska som majoritetsspråk, Vasa Centralsjukhus,blev utan full jour dygnet runt, enligt oppositionen på grund av en alltför förhastad och undermålig lagberedning, där politisk opinion kört över grundlagen med dess krav på jämställdhet mellan de två nationalspråken. Eftersom det svenska språkets ställning under en längre tid försvagats av en rad politiska beslut inom bland annat vård, skola och rättsväsende, befarar man från finlandssvenskt håll att det finns en underliggande politisk agenda att stegvis göra Finland enspråkigt finskt.I denna studie undersöker jag regeringspropositionen och den språkdebatt som följde i dagspressen. Genom en beskrivande idéanalys vill jag undersöka skillnader mellan debattörernas synsätt, på vilken nivå de grundlagsenliga språkrättigheterna anses vara uppfyllda eller inte. Med hjälp av teoretiker, som exempelvis Will Kymlicka och Alan Patten, vill jag analysera debatten ur ett människorättsperspektiv med fokus på språk. Förutom någon enstaka kort artikel i svensk press har denna debatt i grannlandet inte väckt något större intresse. Finska språket har en särställning i Sverige, medan svenska språket är ett av två nationalspråk i Finland. Innebörden i detta är inte självklar, och därför hoppas jag att min uppsats ska väcka intresse för hur språkfrågan är i fokus då viktiga samhällsfunktioner, i detta fallvården, debatteras. / The Finnish government adopted part of a health care reform in December 2016, which was preceded by an intense language debate. The Swedish-speaking minority- along with several referral bodies - considered the basic language rights for Swedish-speakers to be at stake. The only bilingual hospital with Swedish as majority language, Vasa Centralsjukhus, lost the battle for full emergency services. According to the political opposition, this was due to an overly hasty and substandard legislative preparation, in which political opinion trumped the constitutional equality between the two national languages. Since the status of the Swedish language has been weakened by a series of political decisions, there is an apprehension among the Swedish-speaking population that there is an underlying political agenda to make Finland monolingual. In this study, I examine the government proposal and the following language debate in the daily press. I investigate the views of both sides, in order to examine at what level the parties consider the language rights to be met. Using theorists such as Will Kymlicka and Alan Patten, I analyze the debate from a language rights perspective. Except for a few articles in the Swedish press, this debate has raised little interest in Sweden. The Finnish language has a minority status in Sweden, whereas Swedish is one of two national languages in Finland. The significance of this is not obvious. Therefore, I hope my essay will provide understanding of the focus of language issues in Finnish political debate.

<p>Based on the on the assumption that the two recent Swedish poetry collections <em>mil</em> by Anna Hallberg and <em>mallamerik, mallamer, malameri, mallame, amerik, mallameka, merikka, </em>by Lars Mikael Raattamaa, are constructed with theoretical questions about identity, national identity, language hierarchy and power in mind, this study aims to investigate the ways in which these issues come to expression. Simplified, the term <em>language-poetry</em>, or <em>språkmaterialism</em>, can be used to describe a language-philosophical poetry that aims to eliminate the hierarcic structures between writer and reader in a text and invite the reader to become the co-worker of it. The study shows that by different ways of eliminating the <em>centre</em> of the text, the text is made democratical. But one question that this study asks is how can a nation's conventional and standardised written  language – the language of the centre – be used to write itself out of this centre into the margin? Stepping from a theoretical background of postcolonial theories on identity and national identity, including reflections as those given by Benedict Anderson, Madan Sarup, Timothy Brennan, Stefan Helgesson and Mia Cuoto, the analysis points out how this poetry laborates with the terms <em>bugging, repetition, national language identity, and space </em>as poetic material, in order to work in line with ─ and contrary to - conceptions of a unified and shared language. Adapting and transforming the architectural term sprawl into literature, and spreading similar phrases over the pages by, for example, thematizing names, Swedish suburbs, and the use of language referents made empty, an elimination of the textual centre is shown to take place. This study concludes that in these poems it is by pointing out markers of a Swedish identity which is transparent that identity becomes both constituted and articulated, as well as problematized; concepts of collectivity, orality, and lack of textual coherence create a dimension of  boundlessness in language.  </p><p> </p>

Based on the on the assumption that the two recent Swedish poetry collections mil by Anna Hallberg and mallamerik, mallamer, malameri, mallame, amerik, mallameka, merikka, by Lars Mikael Raattamaa, are constructed with theoretical questions about identity, national identity, language hierarchy and power in mind, this study aims to investigate the ways in which these issues come to expression. Simplified, the term language-poetry, or språkmaterialism, can be used to describe a language-philosophical poetry that aims to eliminate the hierarcic structures between writer and reader in a text and invite the reader to become the co-worker of it. The study shows that by different ways of eliminating the centre of the text, the text is made democratical. But one question that this study asks is how can a nation's conventional and standardised written  language – the language of the centre – be used to write itself out of this centre into the margin? Stepping from a theoretical background of postcolonial theories on identity and national identity, including reflections as those given by Benedict Anderson, Madan Sarup, Timothy Brennan, Stefan Helgesson and Mia Cuoto, the analysis points out how this poetry laborates with the terms bugging, repetition, national language identity, and space as poetic material, in order to work in line with ─ and contrary to - conceptions of a unified and shared language. Adapting and transforming the architectural term sprawl into literature, and spreading similar phrases over the pages by, for example, thematizing names, Swedish suburbs, and the use of language referents made empty, an elimination of the textual centre is shown to take place. This study concludes that in these poems it is by pointing out markers of a Swedish identity which is transparent that identity becomes both constituted and articulated, as well as problematized; concepts of collectivity, orality, and lack of textual coherence create a dimension of  boundlessness in language.