Thesis--Universität Bonn, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 556-589) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Frankfurt am Main, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [447]-477).

Thesis (doctoral)-Universität, Marburg, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 308-352).

Thesis (doctoral)--Freie Universität, Berlin, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 397-430).

L'architecture officielle nationale-socialiste adopte dès 1934, par sa monumentalité, une allure qui la distingue en tant que telle de tout ce qui s'est fait auparavant. L'analyse des caractéristiques et des sources de cette architecture est le thème principal de cette thèse. P. L. Troost dessine les premiers édifices du Parti à Munich; Ernst Sagebiel est l'architecte de l'aéroport de Tempelhof et du ministère de Göring à Berlin; Hans Reissinger imagine à Bayreuth un édifice à l'enveloppe composite pour l'association des enseignants du Reich; Ludwig et F. Ruff dessinent un hall gigantesque destiné aux congrès du parti à Nuremberg. Leurs œuvres présentent des formes de monumentalité très éloignées de la seule référence à un néoclassicisme simplifié. Leurs édifices, marqués par une grande exigence de représentation, répondent néanmoins, avec beaucoup d'efficacité pour certains d'entre eux, à la fonction à laquelle ils sont destinés. L'étude de ces édifices s'attache à observer l'évolution des esquisses et des maquettes dans le sens d'une monumentalité toujours plus grande, l'effet recherché l'emportant sur toute autre considération. Une iconographie sculptée à la gloire Reich et du Parti, en ses emblèmes et ses bas-reliefs, complète cette mise en scène. La notion de tectonique germanique privilégiée par les historiens de ce régime pour exprimer l'essence de l'architecture dans sa recherche de formes originelles est soigneusement examinée. Les racines dont elle se prévaut font appel à une Allemagne mythique entièrement recréée et berceau de l'univers. L'examen des édifices retenus est donc tout d'abord une analyse architecturale, complétée par la prise en compte de l'important appareil éditorial qui en a assuré la présentation officielle pendant le Reich. En contrepoint, il a été tenu compte des nombreuses publications que cette architecture a suscitées en Allemagne depuis les années 1970. / As early as 1934, the official National-Socialist architecture takes a stand which sets it apart from ail things past, bringing out the very peculiar monumentality of the period. Analyzing the characteristics and the sources of this state architecture during the early years of the Third Reich, constitutes the main theme of the present thesis. P.L. Troost, who designed the first buildings of the Party in Munich, Ernst Sagebiel, author of the Tempelhof Airport and Göring's Ministry in Berlin, Hans Reissinger who designed a building with a composite envelop meant for the Reich teachers' Association in Bayreuth, and finally Ludwig and F. Ruff who designed a gigantic hall to accommodate the Party's conventions in Nuremberg, are the architects who se works are being reviewed. Their buildings present monumental forms which are quite remote from simplistic neo-classical references. These works are marked by great representational demands and yet, in some cases, they also respond to functionality in a highly efficient way. This study of the chosen buildings attempts to observe, from the moment of conception through the evolution of sketches and models, an ever-increasing monumentality: the establishment of a mode of composition favoring organizing symmetries of plans and elevations and the final embellishment of the facades with added-on elements, the reached-for effect being always more important than any other consideration. A sculptured iconography glorifying the regime and the Reich, with its signs, symbols and freezes, completes this setting. The concept of a German tectonic, so privileged by historians of the regime, expressing the essence of this official architecture in its search for original forms, is therefore examined in detail, revealing the roots it refers to: at its center is a newly-recreated mythical Germany as cradle of the universe. The analysis of the chosen buildings is thus first architectural, then completed by examining the editorial apparatus which has ensured its official presentation during the Third Reich. On the other hand, the numerous publications spurred by this architecture in Germany since the 1970's, have also been taken into account.

The preliminary part of the work Image of the Šumava in feature film deals with the Šumava area, its origin, area, climate, waters, natural disasters, agriculture, industry, crafts and everyday life in Šumava. The aim of the work is to occupy with films which were filmed in Šumava. In this films Šumava plays either the main part, where the directors set the plot of the film in the area of Šumava intentionally or it is just backround to the main plot of the film. There are also some pictures or posters of the films and some cuttings from periodicals in this work. The work is based on contemporary and secondary Czech and foreign literature, Czech and foreign periodicals, internet sources or professional and personal analysis of the films themselves. KEYWORDS Šumava and cinematography, Nazi propaganda, communist propaganda

The diploma thesis is The Theme of the War in Czech Prose Published in 1948-56. Following significant changes after the 1948 war, several thematic forms of Czech prose that are analyzed. After the 1948 war began to be interpreted as a precursor to a future socialist revolution, which had to be the "correct" stories - there were used books M. Pujmanové - Život proti smrti (1952) and B. Březovského - Lidé v květnu (1954). They were compares with dilogií A. Brandalda, Severní nádraží (1949) and Lazaretní vlak (1950). Another section is devoted to prose since 1954, when the artistic treatment of the subject of the war reflected their own experiences of war, concentration camps and life in the Protectorate - K. Ptáčník - Ročník jedenadvacet (1954), F. Burian - Osm odtamtud (1954), N . Frýd - Krabice živých (1956), E. Valenta - Jdi za zeleným světlem (1956). The aim of this thesis is to analyze war themes in the works of these authors in the designated time.

Founded in 1918 following the carnage of World War One until the Nazi takeover of 1933, the Weimar Republic is widely renowned as a bastion of freedom and democracy that existed only briefly between the reigns of two authoritarian regimes. The Weimar period witnessed an unprecedented prosperity of art and culture, with tremendous advancements in the fields of literature, the visual arts, and film. However, the remnants of the old Empire persisted within the new Republic, and new fascist factions rose to prominence within German society. Artists that lived through the era, both liberal and conservative, observed and provided their opinions on this phenomenon that would culminate in the advent of Nazi Germany. The purpose of this paper is to examine works of art across genres and by different artists, establish a connection with the fascist trends in Weimar Germany, and understand the attitudes of each respective artist towards the decline of German society into illiberalism and barbarism. I argue that artists anticipated fascist political and cultural developments in the years prior to the Nazi seizure of power in 1933, and look at the various artists in the realms of literature, the visual arts, and film.

Filme beeinflussen die Wahrnehmungen von Figuren. Daniel Levys Film "Mein Führer" (die erste deutschsprachige Komödie über Adolf Hitler) führte zu einer positiven Wahrnehmung der Hauptfigur. In einer empirischen Untersuchung wurde gezeigt, dass sich dieser Effekt bei internationalem Filmpublikum, die einen anderen Zugang zur Thematik Nationalsozialismus haben, verstärkt.

Under the Nazi regime in Germany (1933-1945) a calculated killing of chronic “mentally ill” patients took place that was part of a large biopolitical program using well-established, contemporary scientific standards on the understanding of eugenics. Nearly 300,000 patients were assassinated during this period. Nurses executed this program through their everyday practice. However, suspicions have been raised that psychiatric patients were already assassinated before and after the Nazi regime, suggesting that the motives for these killings must be investigated within psychiatric practice itself. My research aims to highlight the mechanisms and scientific discourses in place that allowed nurses to perceive patients as unworthy of life, and thus able to be killed. Using Foucauldian concepts of “biopower” and “State racism,” this discourse analysis is carried out on several levels. First, it analyzes nursing notes in one specific patient record and interprets them in relation to the kinds of scientific discourses that are identified, for example, in nursing journals between 1900 and 1945. Second, it argues that records are not static but rather produce certain effects; they are “performative” because they are active agents. Psychiatry, with its need to make patients completely visible and its desire to maintain its dominance in the psychiatric field, requires the utilization of writing in order to register everything that happens to individuals, everything they do and everything they talk about. Furthermore, writing enables nurses to pass along information from the “bottom-up,” and written documents allow all information to be accessible at any time. It is a method of centralizing information and of coordinating different levels within disciplinary systems. By following this approach it is possible to demonstrate that the production of meaning within nurses’ notes is not based on the intentionality of the writer but rather depends on discursive patterns constructed by contemporary scientific discourses. Using a form of “institutional ethnography,” the study analyzes documents as “inscriptions” that actively interven in interactions in institutions and that create a specific reality on their own accord. The question is not whether the reality represented within the documents is true, but rather how documents worked in institutions and what their effects were. Third, the study demonstrates how nurses were actively involved in the construction of patients’ identities and how these “documentary identities” led to the death of thousands of humans whose lives were considered to be “unworthy lives.” Documents are able to constitute the identities of psychiatric patients and, conversely, are able to deconstruct them. The result of de-subjectification was that “zones for the unliving” existed in psychiatric hospitals long before the Nazi regime and within these zones, patients were exposed to an increased risk of death. An analysis of the nursing notes highlights that nurses played a decisive role in constructing these “zones” and had an important strategic function in them. Psychiatric hospitals became spaces where patients were reduced to a “bare life;” these spaces were comparable with the concentration camps of the Holocaust. This analysis enables the integration of nursing practices under National Socialism into the history of modernity. Nursing under Nazism was not simply a relapse into barbarism; Nazi exclusionary practices were extreme variants of scientific, social, and political exclusionary practices that were already in place. Different types of power are identifiable in the Nazi regime, even those that Foucault called “technologies of the self” were demonstrated, for example, by the denunciation of “disabled persons” by nurses. Nurses themselves were able to employ techniques of power in the Nazi regime.