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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Estimation et tests en théorie des valeurs extrêmes

Toulemonde, Gwladys 30 October 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Cette thèse se décompose en trois parties distinctes auxquelles s'ajoute une introduction. Dans un premier temps, nous nous intéressons à un test lisse d'ajustement à la famille de Pareto. Pour cela, nous proposons une statistique de test motivée par la théorie de LeCam sur la normalité asymptotique locale (LAN). Nous en établissons le comportement asymptotique sous l'hypothèse que l'échantillon provient d'une distribution de Pareto et sous des alternatives locales, nous plaçant ainsi dans le cadre LAN. Des simulations sont présentées afin d'étudier le comportement de la statistique de test à distance finie. Dans le chapitre suivant, nous nous plaçons dans le cadre de données censurées aléatoirement à droite. Nous proposons alors un estimateur des paramètres de la distribution de Pareto généralisée basé sur une première étape de l'algorithme de Newton-Raphson. Nous établissons la normalité asymptotique de cet estimateur. Par des simulations, nous illustrons son comportement à distance finie et le comparons à celui de l'estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance. Nous proposons enfin, dans un dernier chapitre, un modèle linéaire autorégressif adapté à la loi de Gumbel pour prendre en compte la dépendance dans les maxima. Nous établissons des propriétés théoriques de ce modèle et par simulations nous illustrons son comportement à distance finie. Enfin, comme des applications concrètes en sciences de l'atmosphère motivaient ce modèle, nous l'avons utilisé pour modéliser des maxima de dioxyde de carbone et de méthane.
72

Nonlinear Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures

Ciftci, Guclu Koray 01 February 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Reinforced concrete frames display nonlinear behavior both due to its composite nature and the material properties of concrete itself. The yielding of the reinforcement, the non-uniform distribution of aggregates and the development of cracks under loading are the main reasons of nonlinearity. The stiffness of a frame element depends on the combination of the modulus of elasticity and the geometric properties of its section - area and the moment of inertia. In practice, the elastic modulus is assumed to be constant throughout the element and the sectional properties are assumed to remain constant under loading. In this study, it is assumed that the material elasticity depends on the reinforcement ratio and its distribution over the section. Also, the cracks developing in the frame element reduces the sectional properties. In case of linear analysis, the material and sectional parameters are assumed to be constant. In practice, the modulus of elasticity E is a predefined value based on previous experiments and the moment of inertia I is assumed to be constant throughout the analysis. However, in this study, E and I are assumed to be combined. In other words, they cannot be separated from each other throughout the analysis. These two parameters are handled as a single parameter as EI . This parameter is controlled by the reinforcement ratio and its configuration, sectional properties and deformation of the member. Two types of analysis, namely a sectional and a finite element analyses, are used in this study. From the sectional analysis, the parameter EI is calculated based on the sectional geometry, material properties and the axial load applied on the section. The parameter EI is then used in the finite element analysis to calculate the sectional forces and the nodal displacements. For the nonlinear analysis, the Newton-Raphson iterative approach is followed until convergence is obtained.
73

An evaluation of transfer capability limitations and solutions for South Mississippi Electric Power Association

Brown, Nathan L. January 2002 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.
74

Shooting method based algorithms for solving control problems associated with second order hyperbolic PDEs

Luo, Biyong. January 2001 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 2001. Graduate Programme in Mathematics. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-119). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ66358.
75

Contributions à l'arithmétique flottante : codages et arrondi correct de fonctions algébriques

Panhaleux, Adrien 27 June 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Une arithmétique sûre et efficace est un élément clé pour exécuter des calculs rapides et sûrs. Le choix du système numérique et des algorithmes arithmétiques est important. Nous présentons une nouvelle représentation des nombres, les "RN-codes", telle que tronquer un RN-code à une précision donnée est équivalent à l'arrondir au plus près. Nous donnons des algorithmes arithmétiques pour manipuler ces RN-codes et introduisons le concept de "RN-code en virgule flottante." Lors de l'implantation d'une fonction f en arithmétique flottante, si l'on veut toujours donner le nombre flottant le plus proche de f(x), il faut déterminer si f(x) est au-dessus ou en-dessous du plus proche "midpoint", un "midpoint" étant le milieu de deux nombres flottants consécutifs. Pour ce faire, le calcul est d'abord fait avec une certaine précision, et si cela ne suffit pas, le calcul est recommencé avec une précision de plus en plus grande. Ce processus ne s'arrête pas si f(x) est un midpoint. Étant donné une fonction algébrique f, soit nous montrons qu'il n'y a pas de nombres flottants x tel que f(x) est un midpoint, soit nous les caractérisons ou les énumérons. Depuis le PowerPC d'IBM, la division en binaire a été fréquemment implantée à l'aide de variantes de l'itération de Newton-Raphson dues à Peter Markstein. Cette itération est très rapide, mais il faut y apporter beaucoup de soin si l'on veut obtenir le nombre flottant le plus proche du quotient exact. Nous étudions comment fusionner efficacement les itérations de Markstein avec les itérations de Goldschmidt, plus rapides mais moins précises. Nous examinons également si ces itérations peuvent être utilisées pour l'arithmétique flottante décimale. Nous fournissons des bornes d'erreurs sûres et précises pour ces algorithmes.
76

Sobre o desempenho de métodos Quase-Newton e aplicações / Performance of quasi-Newton methods

Sassi, Carlos Alberto 10 April 2010 (has links)
Orientador: Maria Aparecida Diniz Ehrhardt / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T22:41:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sassi_Carlos_M.pdf: 2431422 bytes, checksum: 7e2d7456777a9a43cc62a5524d3fca93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Iniciamos este trabalho com o estudo de equações não lineares, transcendentais de uma única variável, com o objetivo principal de abordar sistemas de equações não lineares, analisar os métodos, algoritmos e realizar testes computacionais, embasados na plataforma MatLab "The Language of Technical computer - R2008a - version 7.6.0.324_. Os algoritmos tratados se referem ao método de Newton, métodos Quase-Newton, método Secante e aplicações, com enfoque na H-equação de Chandrasekhar. Estudamos aspectos de convergência de cada um destes métodos que puderam ser analisados na prática, a partir dos experimentos numéricos realizados / Abstract: This work begins with the study of nonlinear and transcendental equations, with only one variable, which has the main purpose to study systems of nonlinear equations, methods and algoritms, in order to accomplish computational tests using MatLab Codes "The Language of Technical computer - R2008a - version 7.6.0.324". These algoritms were concerned to Newton's method, Quasi-Newton method, Secant method, and the main application was the Chandrasekhar H-Equation. Convergence studies for these methods were analysed with the applied numerical methods / Mestrado / Matematica / Mestre em Matemática
77

Análise de contato entre dois corpos elásticos usando o Método dos Elementos de Contorno / Contact analysis between two elastic bodies using the Boundary Element Method

Shaterzadeh-Yazdi, Mohammad Hossein, 1991- 28 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Paulo Sollero, Eder Lima de Albuquerque / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-28T12:08:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Shaterzadeh-Yazdi_MohammadHossein_M.pdf: 5411191 bytes, checksum: 83da697ff892a31af99059f3e88bd338 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Em problemas de contato mecânico entre dois corpos elásticos, o cálculo de tensões e deformações dos componentes é de grande importância. Em casos particulares os corpos estão sujeitos a cargas normal e tangencial na presença de atrito, o qual aumenta a complexidade do problema. O estudo do fenômeno e a modelagem do problema, empregando o método dos elementos de contorno (MEC), é apresentado neste trabalho. Devido à presença de atrito e restrições de contato, esse problema torna-se um caso não linear. A não linearidade do problema foi contornada com a aplicação incremental de carga e o uso de um método de resolução de sistemas não lineares. A zona de contato é uma das variáveis do problema e pode conter estados de adesão e escorregamento, simultaneamente. Esses estados dependem dos esforços normais e tangenciais no componente e podem variar durante o processo de aplicação de carga. Dessa forma, cada incremento de carga pode perturbar em relação ao estado anterior. Portanto, o cálculo de variáveis e a atualização do sistema de equações em cada iteração é indispensável. Por este motivo, um algoritmo robusto para definição dos estados de contato é proposto. Como o sistema de equações obtido é não linear, o uso de um método numérico adequado é exigido. Para a solução deste sistema, o método de Newton foi aplicado, o qual permite a verificação do estado de contato em cada incremento. A análise é feita com o uso de elementos quadráticos contínuos, apresentando resultados contínuos e sem oscilação. A comparação dos resultados com as soluções analíticas de Hertz e Mindlin-Cattaneo mostram boa concordância / Abstract: The computation of stresses and strains on the components is of great importance, when the contact mechanics problems between two elastic bodies are analyzed. In particular cases, bodies are subjected to normal and shear loading in the presence of friction, which increases the complexity of the problem. The study of the phenomenon and modeling of the problem, using the boundary element method (BEM), are presented in this work. Due to the presence of friction and natural restrictions, this problem becomes non-linear. The non-linearity of the problem was solved with an incremental applied load and with the use of solvers to non linear systems. The contact zone can contain stick and slip states, simultaneously. These states are dependent on the normal and shear forces on the component and can vary during the application load process. Thus, each load increment can violate the previous state and therefore, the evaluation of variables and the updating of the system of equations after each iteration is indispensable For this reason, a robust algorithm for contact state definition is suggested. Since a non linear system of equations is obtained, an appropriate numerical method is required. To solve this system, Newton¿s method is applied, which allows the verification of the state of contact at each increment. The analysis is done with the use of quadratic continuous elements and provides continuous and non-oscillatory results. Comparisons of the results with the analytical solutions of Hertz and Mindlin-Cattaneo show good agreement / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
78

Ustálený chod a zkratové poměry v síti 110 kV E.ON při provozu nového zdroje 120 MVA pracujícího do R 110 kV Prostějov / Steady state and short-circuit conditions within E.ON 110 kV power network at operation of new 120 MVA source connected to 110 kV Prostějov substation

Kolář, Pavel January 2013 (has links)
Electrical power system is an essential technical system intended to power supply. The power drain is still increasing and it is possible to suppose rising trend in the future. Because of this fact there are installed new power sources into the system, so it is important to know manners and parameters of the electricity supply system as well as the new power sources which we are connecting to the grid. Due to these reasons, the electricity supply system is being simplified and described as the steady state operation with different numerical methods. To dimension a connection of the new power source to the grid, it has to be determined short-circuit conditions too.
79

Use of an Integrate Method to Trace Coexistence Curves: Application to Pure and Multi-Component Mixtures

Magadi, Suma 05 June 2014 (has links)
No description available.
80

Méthodes de décomposition de domaine et méthodes d'accélération pour les problèmes multichamps en mécanique non-linéaire

Gosselet, Pierre 11 December 2003 (has links) (PDF)
Nous développons des algorithmes parallèles pour la résolution de problèmes non-linéaires de grande taille. Les cadres d'application sont la simulation de matériaux hyperélastiques incompressibles en grandes déformations et l'étude des milieux poreux, dont les modélisations choisies font apparaître des inconnues en déplacement et en pression.<br /><br />Nous retenons une stratégie éléments-finis associée à un solveur Newton-Raphson et une décomposition de domaine sans recouvrement combinée à un solveur de Krylov. <br /><br />Nous proposons des améliorations pour adapter ces approches à nos problèmes, puis pour des cas plus exigeants nous définissons une nouvelle approche de décomposition de domaine, appelée approche hybride, permettant de mieux respecter la physique des phénomènes et unifiant les approches classiques. Nous proposons également des stratégies d'accélération du processus non-linéaire. Enfin un cadre orienté objet est exposé pour la mise en oeuvre de l'ensemble des méthodes proposées.

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