The Luther College Concert Band has enjoyed nearly 150 years of success. International tours, regional tours, concerts, service to the college and recording projects aided the success of this small college band that retained its Lutheran, liberal arts identity. Published documents exist about the Luther College band before 1948 but no comprehensive published documents are available after that time. This essay provides a more complete history of the band since 1948 based upon archival research and interviews with Weston Noble, Fredrick Nyline and Joan deAlbuquerque. The Concert Band started as a student led activity, which set it apart from other university bands of the late nineteenth century that had military connections. The Luther band eventually became an academic area of study and performed solely for campus concerts and on tours. The band took tours to Norway and Europe long before most college bands had touring programs. Later the band toured to Japan, China and Europe and continued regional tours throughout the United States. The Concert Band conductors, particularly the tenures of Carlo Sperati, Weston Noble, Frederick Nyline and Joan deAlbuquerque, helped shape the band program and music department at Luther College. This is a study of their educational philosophies that shaped the band, and the support the program received from the college administration, students and alumni. Also included is information about the Dorian Band Festival hosted by Luther College, works commissioned by the band, a review of works programed by conductors, a listing of recordings by the Luther College Concert Band and biographical information about each conductor.

L'origine de l'atmosphère terrestre demeure énigmatique. De plus, de nombreux évènements tels que les contributions de matière extraterrestre, le dégazage de la Terre solide ou encore les fuites de l'atmosphère vers l'espace ont modifié la composition de l'atmosphère au cours du temps. Ces travaux de thèse visaient à analyser précisément la composition de l'atmosphère ancienne piégée dans des roches âgées de plusieurs milliards d'années afin de mieux contraindre son origine et son évolution. L'analyse des isotopes du xénon, un gaz rare, démontre qu'une fraction de l'atmosphère terrestre ne peut avoir été apportée par les météorites mais plutôt par des corps riches en eau et en éléments volatils tels que les comètes. De plus, la composition isotopique de l'atmosphère a évolué au cours du temps jusqu'à il y a deux milliards d'années environ. Cette évolution du fractionnement est peut-être concomitante à celle l'oxygénation progressive de l'atmosphère qui a permis le développement de la vie telle que nous la connaissons aujourd'hui. / The origin of the Earth's atmosphere remains poorly understood. Its elemental and isotopic compositions have been shaped by numerous events in the history of our planet, such as extraterrestrial contributions, mantle degassing, atmospheric escape etc. This study aimed to analyze the composition of atmospheric gases trapped in several billion years old samples in order to better understand the origin and evolution of the Earth's atmosphere. Isotope analyses of xenon, a noble gas, demonstrate that part of the atmosphere was not brought by meteorites but might have been delivered to the Earth's atmosphere by volatile-rich bodies such as comets. Furthermore, the isotopic composition of atmospheric Xe evolved over geological ages and can be linked to the progressive oxidation of the atmosphere that permitted the emergence and development of modern forms of life.

No description available.

The main theme of this thesis is English war poetry. The thesis refers to two particular wars, the Crimean (1853-1856) and World War One (1914-1918), and analyzes their reflection in English poetry. By doing so, it compares the war poems from these periods and inspects the writers' messages behind them. The thesis aims to scrutinize how the depiction of war had changed through time, alongside with the reasons affected it. In terms of structure, the theoretical part describes the different contexts (historical, cultural, and literary) of the chosen poems, while the practical part features scrutiny of these works. KEY WORDS Poetry, soldier, duty, death, attitude, criticism, propaganda

The main theme of this thesis is English war poetry. The thesis refers to two particular wars, the Crimean (1853-1856) and World War One (1914-1918), and analyzes their reflection in English poetry. By doing so, it compares the war poems from these periods and inspects the writers' messages behind them. The thesis aims to scrutinize how the depiction of war had changed through time, alongside with the reasons affected it. In terms of structure, the theoretical part describes the different contexts (historical, cultural, and literary) of the chosen poems, while the practical part features scrutiny of these works. KEY WORDS Poetry, soldier, duty, death, attitude, criticism, propaganda

Le rapport isotopique de l'hélium atmosphérique (RA = 3He/4He = 1.39 × 10-6) est lié aux flux naturels et anthropiques de 3He et de 4He en provenance de la Terre (et de l'espace pour 3He). Les activités industrielles ont émis des gaz riches en 4He radiogénique (exploitation des combustibles fossiles) et en 3He (activités nucléaires). Du fait de ces flux d'hélium, il a été proposé que le rapport 3He/4He dans l'air a varié dans le temps et dans l'espace. De telles variations pourraient permettre l'utilisation de ce rapport comme nouveau traceur des émissions atmosphériques de polluants anthropiques et/ou naturelles. Pour vérifier ces possibilités, nous avons entrepris la mesure haute-précision (2-6‰, 2σ) de la composition isotopique de l'hélium atmosphérique au Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (Université de Lorraine et Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France). Nous avons effectué des analyses d'intercalation avec un spectromètre de masse double collecteur (Helix Split Flight Tube de la société Thermo Instruments). Au cours de ces analyses, plusieurs analyses individuelles d'un échantillon d'air sont effectuées en alternance avec un standard d'air. Nous n’avons détecté aucune évidence de variation temporelle du rapport 3He/4He dans l’air de France piégé dans des boules de pétanque (1965, 1990, 2010, 2013), dans des réservoirs métalliques (2010, 2016) et dans un carburateur de voiture (1910). Nous avons également re-analysé des échantillons d'air ancien prélevés dans des réservoirs métalliques depuis 1978 à Cape Grim (Tasmanie, Australie). En incluant les mesures de Mabry et al. (2015) pour certains de ces réservoirs, nous obtenons une tendance commune de -0.05 ± 2.46 ‰, montrant l'absence de variation statistiquement significative sur une période de 106 ans. Au niveau mondial, nous avons seulement détecté deux échantillons d’air sur seize (Dôme C, Antarctique; Tokyo, Japon) dont les compositions sont statistiquement distinctes, marquées par des excès en 3He de 2.0 ± 1.4 ‰, et 1.7 ± 1.5 ‰, respectivement (intervalle de confiance de 95%). Ces excès pourraient être liés aux flux d’hélium locaux par : (i) les précipitations aurorales en Antarctique ; (ii) les volcans et/ou les déchets nucléaires (Fukushima Daï-Ichi) au Japon. Dans la région de l’Afar (Éthiopie), nous avons détecté des excès en 3He de ~1 % au-dessus du lac de lave du volcan Erta Ale, pouvant être utilisés pour tracer des gaz réactifs (e.g. CO2) simultanément émis. Ces excès sont toutefois rapidement dilués dans les masses d’air régionales. L'isolation des gaz libérés par le sol du cratère de l'Erta Ale à l'aide d'un contenant inversé placé à sa surface a permis d'évaluer les flux diffusifs en 3He (via l'augmentation du rapport 3He/4He dans l'air isolé) et en CO2. Globalement, cette thèse conforte l’utilisation de RA comme standard inter-laboratoire. Dans certaines régions (Dôme C, Japon), une investigation plus poussée dans le temps devrait être effectuée pour contraindre les sources d’hélium atmosphérique pouvant engendrer de faibles variations locales / The helium isotopic composition of air (RA = 3He/4He = 1.39 × 10-6) is related to the natural and anthropogenic fluxes of 3He and 4He from the Earth (and from space for 3He). Industrial activities emit gases enriched in radiogenic 4He (exploitation of fossil fuels) and in 3He (nuclear activities). It has been proposed that the 3He/4He ratio in air has varied over time and also spatially because of these helium fluxes. Such variations could allow the use of this ratio as a new tracer of anthropogenic and/or natural pollutants. To verify these possibilities, we undertook high-precision measurements of the composition of atmospheric helium (2-6‰, 2σ) at the Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (University of Lorraine, Centre National de Recherche Scientique, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France). We performed sample-standard bracketing analyses with a double collector Helix SFT Mass Spectrometer. During each of these analyses, several individual analyses of an air sample are conducted in alternation with an air standard. We found no evidence of temporal variation of the 3He/4He ratio in French air trapped in petanque balls (1965, 1990, 2010, 2013), metallic tanks (2010, 2016) and in a carburettor (1910). Including the measurements of Mabry et al. (2015) for the Cape Grim air archive (Tasmania, Australia), we obtained a trend of -0.05 ± 2.46‰ over 106 years. At the global level, we only detected two air samples out of sixteen (Dôme C-Antarctica, Tokyo-Japan) whose compositions are statistically distinct, marked by 3He excesses of 2.0 ± 1.4‰, and 1.7 ± 1.5‰, respectively (95% confidence interval). These excesses could be related to local and regional helium fluxes input such as: (i) auroral precipitation in Antarctica; (ii) volcanoes and/or nuclear releases (Fukushima Daï-Ichi) in Japan. In the Afar region (Ethiopia), we detected 3He excesses of ~1% above the lava lake of the Erta Ale volcano, which can be used to trace reactive gases (e.g. CO2) released simultaneously. These excesses are quickly affected by air mixing with the regional air of Afar. The diffusive soil fluxes of 3He (via increase of the 3He/4He ratio) and CO2 have been estimated from the accumulation of gases released from the soil of the Erta Ale crater in an inverted chamber placed on its surface. Overall, this thesis supports the use of RA as an inter-laboratory standard. In some areas (Dôme C, Japon), a more thorough investigation should be carried out over time to constrain the sources that may cause small helium isotopic variations in air

No description available.

The main theme of this thesis is English war poetry. The thesis refers to two particular wars, the Crimean (1853-1856) and World War One (1914-1918), and analyzes their reflection in English poetry. By doing so, it compares the war poems from these periods and inspects the writers' messages behind them. The thesis aims to scrutinize how the depiction of war had changed through time, alongside with the reasons affected it. In terms of structure, the theoretical part describes the different contexts (historical, cultural, and literary) of the chosen poems, while the practical part features scrutiny of these works. KEY WORDS Poetry, soldier, duty, death, attitude, criticism, propaganda

On the northern shores of the recreated lake apal an isthmus protrudes spanning east and west. A road runs along the isthmus and from its center a leisure and culture-center spans out over the water. The isthmus protects the surrounding countryside from flooding during extreme rainfall as it is predicted by MSB. There is an outlet for water connecting lake Hjälmaren with lake Mälaren containing a concrete obstacle for wandering crayfish.The Center is dedicated to the restored lake and its environmental benefits and to the Noble Crayfish domestic in Sweden but now faced with extinction due to the invasive Signal crayfish. The center follows the gentle curvature of the isthmus, half of it resting on the isthmus the other half protruding out over the water. 896 thin piles made of reinforced concrete carries the building with rests on a concrete slab. Large glulam frames and CLT beams makes out the carrying construction of the building. A long room whose width expands and collapses during its course spanns the entire length of the building and it too follows the curvature of the isthmus. No doors lead directly out to the long room, all room-exits go in an east and west direction. Large windows overlook the lake from the central restaurant, dedicated to the homegrown crayfish. The interior walls, roof and floor is made upp by wooden planks following the curvature of the Center. The glulam frames are, although clad because of the climatic surrounding, visible on the buildings exterior walls and roof like ribbs. The roof and ribbs are matt black and the walls are falu-red. Public spaces look out over the lake while the interior service rooms face north to the road. Main entrances and exits are on the eastern and western side, while cargo-loading is located on the northern side accessible from the road. / Längs den återskapade Apalsjöns nord östra strand ringlar ett näs i ost västlig rikting. På näsets norra sida löper en väg och söder om vägen samt ut över vattnet sträcker sig ett hus vars långsmala kropp följer näsets konturer. Näset skapar en vattenbarriär och skyddar den omkringliggande åkermarken från de översvämningar som beskrivs på MSB´s katastrofkartor vid framtida extremväder samtidigt som vattenutsläppet garanterar fortsatt sammanbindning av Hjälmaren och Mälaren. Ett vandringshinder i betong för signalkräftor finns i vattenutsläppet. Det långsmala huset är ett Folketshusdistriktet och Naturum, dedikerat till den återskapade sjön och till den inhemska svenska flodkräftan. Flodkräftan, snart stöd i vilt tillstånd, odlas i anslutning till huset i dammar på näset, för konsumtion i restaurangen samt försäljning. Kräftyngel odlas för försäljning till omkringliggande lantbrukare för odling i egna dammar. 896 20•20 betongpelare bär upp betongplattan och utgör husets grund. Stora ramar i limträ, takbjälkar i kl-trä och kl-vägskivor utgör husets huvudsakliga bärande konstruktion. Limträramarna är synliga i husets fasad. Inklädda till skydd mot vädret spänner dom över byggnaden som revben. Taket och "revbenen" är mattsvarta och ytterväggarna målade faluröda. Halva huset vilar på näset och halva skjuter ut över sjöytan. Husets södra del utgörs av publika rum med generösa fönster som blickar ut över sjön. Den norra delen av byggnaden består av interna personalutrymmen, toaletter, teknikrum, vaktmästeri etc. Ett långt rum löper genom hela husets längd i öst-västlig riktning, ömsom ökandes i bredd, ömsom avsmalnande. Inga dörrar öppnas direkt mot detta rum utan alla dörrar öppnas åt öst eller väst. De publika ingångarna till huset finns på östra och västra kortsidorna, inläsning sker på nordsidan från vägen.

Sett över hela landet växer ädellövskog endast på en procent av den produktiva skogsmarken. I det studerade området Dalsland utgörs virkesförrådet uppskattningsvis av tre procent ädla lövträd. Dess förekomst är därför att betrakta som relativt sällsynt. Denna studie hade för avsikt att intervjua markägare som har valt att nyetablera med ädellövskog och genom det förstå vad det är som bidragit till att de föryngrat med dessa trädslag. Undersökningen utfördes genom att sex individer som nyetablerat med ädellövskog intervjuades. Resultatet sammanställdes därefter genom att se på gruppen som en helhet och lyfta fram samtliga påverkande faktorer. Utifrån resultatet kunde 13 faktorer identifieras som bidragande och en förståelse kring dem redogöras för.  Det kan konstateras att ett flertal faktorer påverkat markägarna i valet att plantera ädellövskog.