The temperature belongs to the one of the basic values for a commercial measuring processes. The exact measuring of the temperature is the essential for a multitude manufacturing procedures and their regulations. This study is mainly focused to determine what influences can take the negative effect to exact temperature measurement. Content: List of of possible mistakes and their compensation wit the special focus on a notorious and frequent dynamic errors. Characteristic of those dynamic properties are important to analyze all the possibilities to correct different measuring systems. In this study we also present the simple model to deal with some error corrections

abstract: Relative performance evaluation (RPE) in Chief Executive Officer (CEO) compensation contracts entails the use of peer performance to filter out exogenous shocks and reduce exposure to risk. Theory predicts that high-quality peers can effectively filter out noise from performance measurement, yet prior empirical studies do not examine how differences in peer quality affect the use of RPE in practice. In this study, I propose a model to select peers with the highest capacity to filter out noise and introduce a novel measure of peer quality. Consistent with the theory, I find that firms with high quality peers rely on RPE to a greater extent than firms with few good peers available. I also examine the extent to which peers disclosed in proxy statements overlap with the best peers predicted by my model. I find that the overlap is positively associated with institutional ownership, use of top 5 compensation consultants, and compensation committee competence. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Accountancy 2020

No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / am2014 / Mercantile Law / unrestricted

Executive remuneration has been discussed extensively in both academia and industry, causing much disagreement. This dilemma is not exclusive to South Africa as executive remuneration has been central in a number of company scandals globally and considered a critical contributor to the global financial crisis. The purpose of this research was to identify and compare the significant CEO pay-performance relationships between the developed and developing economies of Australian and South African publicly listed companies respectively. International comparisons of CEO pay-performance relationships are scarce, with the majority of studies comprising of only single-country analyses. Historical inconsistent remuneration practices of publicly listed companies have resulted in varied effects on company performance and shareholder value creation. CEOs are witnessed receiving large remuneration packages while delivering little shareholder value. Increased public attention has called for stringent corporate governance measures for CEO remunerations schemes. The research study was conducted as an empirical explanatory quantitative study to further understand the relationship between CEO remuneration practices and the financial performance of Australian and South African publicly listed companies. The overarching principal finding of the study was the confirmation of the difference in the significant pay-performance relationships between Australian and South African publicly listed companies, with results indicating that only a negligible portion of the variance in CEO remuneration can be attributed to financial performance measures. The increase in the globally mobility of CEOs has added an additional level of complexity to the pay-performance relationship. Contributing to the field of human resource management and remuneration this study builds on the understanding of CEO pay-performance relationship to maximise shareholder value creation and retain talented CEOs. / Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / MBA / Unrestricted

1 Expropriation, Abstract Expropriation means withdrawal or limitation of someones property. This represents major interference into the fundamental right to property, as it this encorporated into the article 17 of European Union Charter of fundamental rights, as well as into the article 11 of the Charter of fundamental rights and freedoms, which is part of the Constitutional order of the Czech Republic. However, in the public interest, under the law and for compensation it is possible to initiated proceedings. Expropriation is permitted only in extreme cases where the public interest in the realization of a particular project outweighs private interest. Law sets out strict conditions for expropriation. The legal basis is the Charter of fundamental rights and freedoms according to which expropriation is possible only in public interest, under the law and for compensation. A specific regulation governing the whole process of expropriation is Act No. 184/2006 Coll., on expropriation. The partial regulation is also in the Act No. 416/2009 Coll., on accelerating transport, water, energy and electronic communication infrastructure. Expropriation is possible only for certain purposes, which are defined in specific laws, especially in Act No. 183/2006 Coll., Building act, Water act, Energy act and other. The...

Numerous researchers, employing theories from either psychology or economics, have investigated the circumstances under which firms are likely to adopt salary-based versus commission-based compensation plans. This study integrates the most common theoretical bases of salesperson compensation literature into a broad framework labeled the Eclectic Paradigm of Salesperson Compensation (EPSC). The EPSC proposes that there is a positive association between a firm's salary orientation and resource commitment, and a firm's salary orientation and firm control. There should be a negative association between salary orientation and dissemination risk, and salary orientation and salesperson motivation/performance. Twenty-three hypotheses originating from the EPSC were tested using a pretest sample of 48 real estate salespersons and a test sample of 311 real estate salespersons. The data were analyzed using common factor analysis, logistic regression, multivariate analysis of variance, and median tests. Of the 23 hypotheses, 10 were supported, 7 were partially supported, and 6 were not supported. The results suggest that the eclectic paradigm of salesperson compensation is a promising initial step toward developing a comprehensive model for understanding the determinants of salary versus commission.

This dissertation presents empirical evidence intended to help answer two research questions. The first question asks whether executive compensation systems appear to exploit the bias in accounting-based performance measures in order to reduce the volatility in executive compensation and to allocate incentives more effectively across the range of activities performed by the executive. The second question asks whether compensation systems systematically differ between firms that use alternative accounting methods and whether any such systematic difference helps explain accounting choice. Parameters estimated in fixed-effects endogenous switching regression models were used to test the risk-shielding and incentive-allocation hypotheses. The models were estimated across a dataset consisting of 1151 executive-year observations of annual compensation paid to 222 top-level executives in 40 oil and gas firms. The dataset was partitioned by accounting method and separate models estimated for the full cost and successful efforts partitions. The tests provided modest support for the risk-shielding and incentive-allocation hypotheses, revealing that accounting measurement bias is used to focus incentives for effort in the exploration activity and to reduce executives' exposure to production risk. The design also allowed an estimate of the proportional change in compensation that was realized from the accounting choice actually made.

The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine relationship of the distinct factors to PK-12 teacher retention in one Midwest school district. This study was an examination of multiple factors, including work environment, fit, compensation and benefits, leadership, performance management system, peer support and mentoring, that contributed to the retention of PK-12 teachers with different levels of education, certifications, experience, career plans, and military affiliation. The questions on the Teacher Retention Survey used a Likert-type scale to measure teacher perceptions about retention factors to address 8 research questions. For this study, I surveyed the population of 704 current PK-12 teachers in a public unified school district located in central Kansas using a non-random sample method. The unified school district is comprised of 14 elementary schools (grades PK-5), two middle schools (grades 6-8), and one high school (grades 9-12). The unified school district is located adjacent to a large U.S. Army installation and supports a culturally diverse educational environment with a majority of the district’s students being military-connected in some way. The survey was administered at the beginning of the 2019-2020 academic school year and resulted in 210 usable surveys collected with a 29.8% return rate. The results of the study showed that there were differences in how PK-12 teachers perceived the 6 dimensions of the Teacher Retention Survey depending on demographic groupings. Results indicated that there were differences in how teachers perceived fit, the evaluation process, and mentorship. There were also differences in how teachers perceived leadership and the evaluation process depending on gender. Teachers’ education level appeared to affect perceptions of the work environment and fit, and certification appeared to influence how teachers viewed leadership and the evaluation process. Teachers’ career plans seemed to influence perceptions of the evaluation process and mentorship. Military affiliation and teachers’ experiences of working in multiple schools or districts did not appear to affect perceptions about retention factors. By identifying factors that contribute to teachers’ decision to remain in the field, school leadership can attempt to make improvements to those factors to prevent voluntary attrition.

The master's thesis deals with redundancy payment and other compensations that result from labour relations and service relations. The main task is a description of redundancy payment and notice reasons related to redundancy payment. The thesis describes redundancy payment in the Slovak Republic and compares it with redundancy payment in the Czech Republic. Compensation in the service relationship and officials of territorial self-governing units are discussed. The case law of the Supreme Court is included. The diploma thesis is divided into four chapters. The termination of employment is discussed in the first chapter. The chapter focuses on legal action towards termination of employment. The reasons for termination of employment under the Labour Code related to redundancy payment are described. The second chapter focuses on redundancy payment as the main topic of the thesis. The chapter contains definition and purpose of redundancy payment. The legal redundancy payment and its amount are defined. Further, the calculation of redundancy payment is explained. There is also an explanation of contractual redundancy payment where the parties can agree on redundancy payment. The third chapter describes the termination of employment, redundancy payment under the Slovak Labour Code. It also compares the...

Online gaming is rapidly growing as an entertainment choice, as it provides players with a high variety in genres, affordability, ubiquity and also real-time online interactions. However, slow networks or congestion can cause perceivable network latency and make players suffer from a degraded gameplay experience. Latency compensation techniques have been developed to combat the negative effects of network latency, but more understanding of latencies affects and latency compensations benefits are still needed. Our project studied the degradation of different game actions with latency and how player prediction - a classic latency compensation technique - affects gameplay in a 2D platformer. We designed and implemented an original 2D platformer with player prediction implemented for player movement actions, then invited players to play our game under different network and latency compensation conditions. Based on the subjective and objective data collected, we found that 2D platformers are sensitive to even modest amounts of network latency. Player prediction helped players have fewer deaths below 200ms of latency, but at 400ms and above its benefits were outweighed by its disadvantages to visual consistency.