This study consisted of an evaluation of different processes of change observed during the implementation of a treatment programme for incarcerated rapists that was developed by the researcher for a unique South African context. As no treatment programme was readily available for rapists, such a programme for incarcerated rapists first had to be developed and then implemented before the evaluation process could proceed. In order to do this, the researcher utilized a processual approach as well as two models of change to guide and evaluate the different processes within the broad research process. The Total Transformation Management Process (Mink, Esterhuysen, Mink&Owen, 1993) focused on the process to develop the treatment programme, while the Interchange Cycle (Brock&Salerno, 1994) focused on the changes that took place in the rapists during and after the implementation of the treatment programme. The information obtained from the results suggests that the two models that were used to evaluate the different change processes complemented each other as both models indicated that change took place on different levels. The findings determined that the treatment programme for incarcerated rapists was effective for first-time rapists and recommendations were made for future research. Copyright 2002, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Bergh, LB 2002, Evaluation of a treatment programme for incarcerated rapists, PhD thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09302005-100826 / > / Thesis (PhD (Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Psychology / unrestricted

The main aim of the thesis is to verify the correlation between cannabis use and the crime rate in accordance with the legalization of marijuana in Colorado 1. 1. 2014. Method difference in differences is used to analyze this problem by comparing Denver with Philadelphia. Philadelphia is the control group because legalization did not occur there. Panel data in monthly intervals for the period from 2006 to 2014 are used. The hypothesis in this thesis is a positive correlation between cannabis use and crime rates. The results of the regression analysis show that differences in number of all offenses per 100 000 inhabitants decreased by 11.83 units and differences in number of violent crimes per 100 000 inhabitants increased by 0.67 units after legalization of cannabis. Increase of violent crimes verified the hypothesis. However the hypothesis was not verified in case of all offenses. The Czech Republic is supposed to be similarly affected by eventual legalization of cannabis, which follows from an applying the results to the Czech Republic. In addition, the discussion shows that the Czech Republic could set a higher tax rate for cannabis than Colorado. If the funds gained from eventual legalization of cannabis in Czech Republic had been allocated properly in society, an increase of violent crimes could be lower.

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The purpose of this study was to consolidate the myriad theories of crime and create a comprehensive list of reasons a person may violate the law. This thesis aimed to accurately identify and categorize the general criminal motivations of sentenced inmates at Glen Helen Rehabilitation Center (GHRC). By administering a survey to sentenced inmates this study supported the research hypothesis that all of the participants would agree that they had committed their illegal act due exclusively to one or more of the nine reasons discussed.

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether or not significant correlations could be obtained between raw scores on fifty-three scales of the Mini-Mult Prison Questionnaire (MMPQ), a personality test, and nine selected behavior variables for a group of thirty-two institutionalized male delinquents. A correlation matrix using Pearson's r revealed that seven MMPQ scales correlated at the p = .05 level of significance with the behavior criteria. Thus, four of the five hypotheses formulated were supported. However, caution was emphasized in interpreting the results due to sample size, sample homogeneity, and the dissimilarity of the adolescent sample from the adult prison population on which the MMPQ was developed.

Yi, Junjian. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-98). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- The Effect of the One-Child Policy on the Sex Ratios Imbalance in China --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- Background --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The One-Child Policy in China --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The Increase of the Sex Ratio in China --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3 --- Empirical Strategy and Data Description --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Empirical Strategy --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Data Description --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4 --- Empirical Results --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Basic Results --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- The Effect of the One-Child Policy by Registration Type --- p.29 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- The Effect of the One-Child Policy by Birth Order --- p.32 / Chapter 1.5 --- Sensitivity Analysis --- p.36 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- The Dynamic Pattern of the DD estimates by Birth Year --- p.37 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- The Geographic Pattern of the DD Estimates by Provinces and Autonomous Regions --- p.41 / Chapter 1.6 --- Conclusion --- p.43 / Chapter 2 --- The Effect of Sex Ratios Imbalance on Criminal Behavior --- p.45 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.46 / Chapter 2.2 --- The Mechanism by which High Sex Ratios Increase Crime Rates --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Demographic Composition Effect --- p.54 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Marriage Threshold Effect --- p.58 / Chapter 2.3 --- Empirical Strategy and Data Description --- p.64 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Empirical strategy --- p.64 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Data Description --- p.67 / Chapter 2.4 --- Empirical Results --- p.72 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Fixed Effects Estimation --- p.72 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Fixed Effects Instrumental Variables Estimation --- p.75 / Chapter 2.5 --- Robust Tests --- p.82 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Measurement Error of Sex Ratios --- p.82 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Measurement Error of Crime Rates --- p.84 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Omitted Variables --- p.85 / Chapter 2.6 --- Conclusion --- p.86

This study explores some of the possible correlations between creativity and criminal thinking evident in the literature in an attempt to link the two forms of cognition. An understanding of the concept of Malevolent Creativity can serve the purpose of elucidating another component of the criminal personality.

Research with adolescence demonstrates school involvement and attachment greatly influences students' outcomes and choices outside of their school environment. Many studies have addressed whether delinquent behavior while in adolescence is associated with various aspects of schooling, but there is limited research looking at the long-term effects schooling has on criminal behavior in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to assess whether students' attachment to their school or involvement in extracurricular activities at school shapes students' outcomes in adulthood--specifically their criminality and likelihood of being arrested. In addition, this study took on a gendered relationship, examining how gender moderates the associations between attachment and adult crime, and involvement and adult crime. The study took a quantitative approach using Waves 1 and 4 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Findings indicate that a students' attachment to school is negatively associated with the likelihood of being arrested as an adult. In addition, the likelihood of adult criminal behavior is negatively associated with students' school involvement. Lastly, in this study I found that gender acts as a moderating mechanism between attachment and criminality, as well as sports involvement and arrested as an adult. Thus, this research adds to the established field, which has demonstrated how school involvement and attachment improve outcomes in adolescence, by showing that these positive experiences impact downstream outcomes such as criminal behavior in adulthood.

The present study investigated the relationship of 16 Personality Factor (16 PF) Scores to institutional adjustment, educational level, recidivism, and escapism of 665 prisoners in a maximum security prison. Two phases of data analysis were conducted. Multiple two-tailed Students' t tests resulted in significant differences on all 16 PF Factor Scores between prisoners and Cattell adult norm group. Significant differences were also found between prisoners and Cattell prisoner norms. In phase two, four multiple linear regression models were constructed. Significant 16 PF scales, age, and educational differences were found within the prisoner sample. Possible implications of the use of the 16 PF in regression models in paramorphic clinical prediction programs are discussed.