M. Tech. Language Practice / The research investigates the impact of monolingual (English) nutrition labelling on consumers' health in South Africa. The focus of the study is to determine if the use of one language on nutrition information labels has an impact on consumers' behaviour and understanding of nutrition information labelling messages, and if their behaviour affects their health.

The United States has implemented many policies to target obesity. Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has mandated that restaurants must label the calorie content of the food they provide on menus and menu boards. Previous literature suggests that this policy will cause a small subset of consumers to improve the nutritional quality of the food they consume. Restaurants’ responses to the policy are not as well studied but existing literature suggests that menu items become slightly healthier after the introduction of various local policies. This paper seeks to assess the impact of a nationally-instituted nutrition labeling policy on fast-food nutritional content. We find evidence that restaurants both improve the healthfulness of pre-existing food items and introduce new food items of substantially lower nutritional quality.

Master of Science / Department of Food Science / Delores H. Chambers / Background: The US Food and Drug Administration proposed various updates to the nutrition fact panel, which included change to font, type size, addition of nutrients, and declaring absolute values. The rational was the new panel will provide consumers with more accurate and clear information, which may result in better food choices. Objective: This study examines whether participants perception of nutrient information and/or sensory properties will change based on proposed nutrition panel display format. Design: An online questionnaire was developed, and participants were randomized and selected to view the current nutrition label or the proposed nutrition label. The questionnaire was divided into three parts; (1) demographic information, (2) questions related to specific items of interest on the nutrition panel, (3) responses to questions after viewing each of five different food labels. Subjects/Setting: US food shoppers over 18 years of age who read food labels (n=1221) completed the online questionnaire. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of participants demographic information. A Chi-square test were applied to test for significant differences between the current and proposed nutrition panels. Results: The study reveals that the top items of interest and importance viewed on both the proposed and current nutrition panel were similar. More than 30 percent of participants selected added sugar, sugar, and sodium, may affect sensory characteristic. The nutrition panels showed distinct differences in descriptive attributes across the five food categories, and significant differences between the current and proposed labels included “too sweet,” “nutritious,” “healthy,” “nutrient dense,” “balanced nutrition” and “artificial”. Conclusion: Consumers’ perceptions are impacted with the proposed nutrition panel. This study emphasized that consumers may be unclear about the labeling of added sugar. Government agencies, industry and those who impact health care will need to provide additional education to make sure consumers are clear about the labeling of added sugar.

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Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad han alcanzado prevalencias epidémicas a nivel mundial. Una de las estrategias propuesta por la Organización Mundial de la Salud para revertir el sobrepeso y la obesidad, es utilizar el etiquetado nutricional frontal. Por ello, en el año 2018 en el Perú se aprobó el Manual de Advertencias Publicitarias (MAP), para que los productos ultra-procesados lleven en su empaque entre 1-3 Advertencias Octogonales (AO), según lo requieran. En el MAP se establecen dos parámetros. El primer parámetro entró en vigencia en enero del 2019 y el segundo entrará en vigencia en septiembre del 2021. Cabe resaltar que el presente estudio se inició en marzo del 2018, es decir, antes de que entrara en vigencia la implementación de las AO. Objetivo: Determinar la proporción de productos ultra-procesados que declararían al menos una advertencia octogonal para septiembre del 2021, en cumplimiento de la Ley N° 30021. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio exploratorio en el que se analizaron 786 fotografías de etiquetas de productos ultra-procesados. Según el perfil de nutrientes de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud, se clasificó en 10 categorías. El contenido nutricional (energía, azúcar, grasas totales, grasas saturadas y sodio) de los productos ultra-procesados se calculó en 100 gramos o mililitros de producto. Los parámetros finales establecidos en el MAP, se usaron para evaluar la cantidad de AO que declararían los productos ultra-procesados en caso de no modificar su formulación para septiembre del 2021. Resultados: Se encontró que 88,1% de los productos ultra-procesados llevarían al menos una AO para septiembre del 2021. El 46,2% llevaría una AO, el 38,2% llevarían dos AO, mientras que el 3,7% declararía las tres AO. De los productos ultra-procesados que llevarían una AO, el 80,7% declararía la frase “ALTO EN AZÚCAR”, mientras de los que llevarían dos AO, el 65,6% declararía las frases “ALTO EN GRASAS SATURADAS” y “ALTO EN AZÚCAR”. Conclusión: El 88,1% de los productos ultra-procesados llevarían al menos una AO para septiembre del 2021, en cumplimiento de la Ley N° 30021. / Introduction: Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic prevalences worldwide. One of the strategies proposed by the World Health Organization to reverse overweight and obesity, is to use frontal nutritional labeling. That is why, in 2018 in Peru the Manual of Advertising Warnings (MAW) was approved so that ultra-processed products carry in their packaging between 1-3 Octagonal Warnings (OW), as required. The MAP establishes two parameters. The first parameter entered into force in January 2019 and the second will enter into in September 2021. It should be noted that this study began in March 2018, that is, before the AO implementation went into effect. Objective: Determine the proportion of ultra-processed products that would declare at least one Octagonal Warning by September 2021, in compliance with Law N° 30021. Materials and Methods: Exploratory study in which 786 photographs of labels of ultra-processed products were analyzed. According to the nutrient profile of the Pan American Health Organization, it was classified into 10 categories. The nutritional content (energy, sugar, total fat, saturated fat and sodium) of the ultra-processed products was calculated in 100 grams or milliliters of product. The final parameters established in the MAP were used to evaluate the amount of OW that would be declared by ultra-processed products in case of not modifying their formulation for September 2021. Results: It was found that 88.1% of the ultra-processed products would carry at least one OW by September 2021. 46.2% would wear an OW, 38.2% would wear two OW, while 3.7% would declare the three OW. Of the ultra-processed products that would carry an OW, 80.7% would declare the phrase “HIGH IN SUGAR”, while of those that would take two OW, 65.6% would declare the phrases “HIGH IN SATURATED FATS” and “HIGH IN SUGAR”. Conclusions: The 88.1% of ultra-processed products would carry at least one OW by September 2021, in compliance with Law N°. 30021. / Tesis

Background:                Diseases caused by nutrition-related factors are globally increasing. Consumers can use help making healthier food choices. Nutrition labeling, front-of-pack, in particular, is reviewed as an important policy tool to assist consumers in this matter. Research found that front-of-pack nutrition labeling is influencing consumer’s product choice but no study researched the influence on Millennials while they are the most interesting consumer group of these times due to their large size and increasing power.   Purpose:                  Explore how Front-Of-Package Nutrition Labeling (FOPNL) is influencing Millennials to make healthier food purchasing decisions.   Method:                       To attain the purpose, a qualitative study was conducted. A theoretical framework was created to evaluate excising factors related to FOPNL that are influencing consumer purchasing behaviour. To create in-depth insights on the influence of front-of-package nutrition labeling on Millennials, 18 semi-structured interviews have been conducted.   Conclusion:                 The results show that the influence of FOPNL on Millennials is dependant of the type of label. Currently, the main problem concerning all FOPNL types is the lack of believability of these claims, which makes them less influential on Millennial purchasing behavior. Even though, interpretive nutrient-specific claims are perceived as the most influential FOPNL type. Additionally, the influence varies depending on trial or repeat purchase.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-10T19:19:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Felipe Reis Rodrigues.pdf: 1576034 bytes, checksum: f91efa30a06e540cab9e32f343fe64b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-10T19:19:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Felipe Reis Rodrigues.pdf: 1576034 bytes, checksum: f91efa30a06e540cab9e32f343fe64b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-20 / CAPES / In Brazil on December 23, 2003 the National Agency of Sanitary Surveillance - ANVISA has published the resolution number 360 (360 RDC). The purpose of this resolution was to repeal the laws related to nutrition labeling of packaged foods ready for consumption (DRC 39 and 40). The legislation of 2003 had the requirement on the labeling of food content of trans fatty acids, as well as specific characteristics of the information contained therein. Currently, epidemiological studies have be associated the consumption of trans fats to the risk of developing cardiovascular and chronic degenerative diseases. In addition, health professionals report that the children have shown high rates of obesity, a situation directly related to excessive consumption of manufactured products. In order to ensure the maintenance and promotion of health, the accuracy of food labels sold in Brazil, mainly in relation to lipid content present in them should be more effectively monitor. This work aimed to make a critical analysis of the nutritional labeling of ?minibolos? sold in the city of Rio de Janeiro, relating lipid profile and content of trans fatty acids and their claim presented. The methodology used for derivatization of fatty acids is characterized by the extraction transesterification. It consists of an acidic or basic catalysis, where there is a double exchange of glycerides of esters of fatty acids. The method described by Huang (2006) for methylation of fatty acids was subjected to the validation process to ensure the accuracy of the results. The determination and quantification of fatty acids were performed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) using fused silica capillary column CP-Sil 88 (100 mx 0.25 mm), at the Analytical Laboratory of Food and Beverage - LAAB. We analyzed the products containing the information to be free of trans fatty acids to quantify the actual levels of these products in order to ascertain whether the labels were described in reliable information. From the results, the obligation to inform in the labels quantities of trans fatty acids was sufficient to make available to brazilian consumers which foods are free of trans fatty acids and which still have trans fatty acids in the food industry. There were no trans fatty acids in the composition of the samples, what means that is a real assertion to be exempt from the same type of fatty acid. / No Brasil no dia 23 de dezembro de 2003 a Agencia Nacional de Vigil?ncia Sanit?ria ? ANVISA publicou a resolu??o de n?mero 360 (RDC 360). O objetivo desta resolu??o era revogar as legisla??es relacionadas a rotulagem nutricional de alimentos embalados prontos para consumo (RDC 39 e 40). A legisla??o de 2003 teve como principal caracter?stica a exig?ncia de se constar no r?tulo dos alimentos o teor de ?cidos graxos trans, al?m de caracter?sticas especificas das informa??es contidas no mesmo. Atualmente, estudos epidemiol?gicos t?m associado o consumo de gorduras trans ao risco do desenvolvimento de doen?as cardiovasculares e cr?nico-degenerativas. Al?m disso, profissionais da ?rea de sa?de relatam que a popula??o infantil tem apresentado ?ndices elevados de obesidade, situa??o diretamente relacionada ao consumo excessivo de produtos industrializados. Com o intuito de zelar pela manuten??o e promo??o da sa?de da popula??o, deve-se fiscalizar de forma mais efetiva a veracidade dos r?tulos dos alimentos comercializados no Brasil, principalmente em rela??o aos teores lip?dicos presentes nos mesmos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivos fazer uma an?lise cr?tica da rotulagem nutricional de minibolos comercializados em estabelecimentos varejistas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, relacionando o perfil lip?dico e o teor de ?cidos graxos trans e sua alega??o apresentada. A metodologia empregada para a derivatiza??o dos ?cidos graxos ? caracterizada pela transesterifica??o. Ela consiste em uma cat?lise ?cida ou b?sica, onde h? uma dupla troca de acilglicer?is em ?steres de ?cidos graxos. O m?todo descrito por Huang (2006) para metila??o dos ?cidos graxos foi submetido ao processo de valida??o para assegurar a veracidade dos resultados obtidos. A determina??o e quantifica??o dos ?cidos graxos foram realizadas por cromatografia gasosa (CG-FID), utilizando coluna capilar de s?lica fundida CP-Sil 88 (100 m x 0.25 mm), do Laborat?rio Anal?tico de Alimentos e Bebidas ? LAAB. Foram analisados os produtos que cont?m a informa??o de serem isentos de ?cidos graxos trans para quantificar os teores reais destes produtos, visando averiguar se o descrito nos r?tulos eram informa??es fidedignas. A partir dos resultados, verificou-se em que medida a obrigatoriedade de informar nos r?tulos as quantidades de AG trans foi suficiente para tornar dispon?veis aos consumidores brasileiros quais os alimentos que s?o livres de ?cidos graxos trans e quais ainda possuem ?cidos graxos trans na ind?stria aliment?cia no Brasil. N?o foram encontrados AG trans na composi??o das amostras analisadas, sendo real a alega??o das mesmas serem isentas desse tipo de ?cido graxo.

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Traditional students enroll in post-secondary institutions during emerging adulthood. College enrollment is increasing and adult weight gain occurs most rapidly during the college-age years, with poor food decisions as a potential contributing factor. The present study examined the awareness, perception, and self-reported purchasing behaviors of college students regarding four front-of-package (FOP) nutrition labeling systems and symbols. Students were sent a 24-question web-based survey, with 908 completed surveys that met the research criteria. There were 888 (98.3%) respondents who recognized at least one of the four presented FOP nutrition labels. There were no significant differences between the groups that recognized one to four of the FOP nutrition labels in their stated likelihood to purchase foods with the specified labels. Students’ awareness of four commercial FOP nutrition labeling systems and symbols on product packaging did not have an impact on their food purchasing behaviors.