Submitted by Caroline Periotto (carol@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-03T20:28:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCASfr.pdf: 1220679 bytes, checksum: 34316f04f7e4dda72c5fb929a51099d8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:18:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCASfr.pdf: 1220679 bytes, checksum: 34316f04f7e4dda72c5fb929a51099d8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:18:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCASfr.pdf: 1220679 bytes, checksum: 34316f04f7e4dda72c5fb929a51099d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T19:18:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCASfr.pdf: 1220679 bytes, checksum: 34316f04f7e4dda72c5fb929a51099d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The present thesis is devoted to the study of closed geodesics in some types of orbifolds. First, we present the notion of Riemannian foliation and their equivalent definitions using foliation atlas and Riemannian submersions. Aiming to understand the leaf space of certain foliations, we introduce the concept of orbifold. Also, the notion of orbifolds will be addressed via pseudogroups. For compact Riemannian good orbifolds, we will prove the existence of non-trivial closed geodesics. The main objective of this work is to obtain closed geodesics in compact Riemannian orbifolds by employing the shortening process with respect to Riemannian foliations. Following the approach of Alexandrino and Javaloyes [5], we also discuss the existence of closed geodesics in the leaf spaces for some classes of singular Riemannian foliations. / A presente dissertação é devotada ao estudo de geodésicas fechadas em alguns tipos de orbifolds. Primeiro, é apresentada a noção de folheação Riemanniana bem como suas equivalentes definições via atlas folheados e submersões Riemannianas. Visando compreender o espaço das folhas de certas folheações, é introduzido o conceito de orbifold. Também será abordada a noção de orbifolds via pseudogrupos. Para orbifolds riemannianos compactos bons, é provada a existência de geodésicas fechadas de comprimento positivo. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é empregar o processo de encurtamento com relação às folheações Riemannianas para obter geodésicas fechadas em orbifolds riemannianos compactos. Seguindo a abordagem de Alexandrino e Javaloyes [5], também discutimos sobre a existência de geodésicas fechadas no espaço das folhas de algumas classes de folheações Riemannianas singulares.

Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à des singularités particulières dans les variétés de caractères. Dans le premier chapitre, on justifie que les caractères de représentations irréductibles d'un groupe fuchsien vers un groupe de Lie complexe semi-simple forment une orbifolde. Le lieu orbifold (i.e. l'ensemble des points dont l'isotropie n'est pas triviale) est constitué des caractères de représentations exceptionnelles. Dans le second chapitre, nous décrivons précisément le lieu orbifold quand le groupe de Lie est le groupe projectif linéaire sur un espace vectoriel complexe dont la dimension est un nombre premier. Dans le troisième et le quatrième chapitre nous cherchons à classifier les groupes d'isotropies possibles à conjugaison près apparaissant quand le groupe de Lie est respectivement un quotient du groupe spécial linéaire pour un espace vectoriel complexe de dimension finie quelconque dans le troisième chapitre et un quotient du groupe de spin complexe dans le quatrième chapitre. / Ln this thesis, we want to understand some singularities in the character variety. ln a first chapter, we justify that the characters of irreducible representations from a Fuchsian group to a complex semi-simple Lie group is an orbifold. The orbifold locus is, then, the characters of bad representations. ln the second chapter, we focus on the case where the Lie group is the projectif linear group over a complex vector space whose dimension is a prime number. ln particular we give an explicit description of this locus. ln the third and fourth chapter, we describe the isotropy groups (i.e. the centralizers of bad subgroups) arising in the cases when the Lie group is a quotient of the special linear group of a complex vector space of finite dimension (third chapter) and when the Lie group is a quotient of a complex spin group in the fourth chapter.

Context and lattice orbifolds have been discussed by M. Zickwolff, B. Ganter and D. Borchmann. Preordering the folding automorphisms by set inclusion of their orbits gives rise to further development. The minimal elements of this preorder have a prime group order and any group element can be dissolved into the product of group elements whose group order is a prime power. This contribution describes a way to compress an orbifold annotation to sets of such minimal automorphisms. This way a hierarchical annotation is described together with an interpretation of the annotation. Based on this annotation an example is given that illustrates the construction of an automaton for certain pattern matching problems in music processing.

Context and lattice orbifolds have been discussed by M. Zickwolff, B. Ganter and D. Borchmann. Preordering the folding automorphisms by set inclusion of their orbits gives rise to further development. The minimal elements of this preorder have a prime group order and any group element can be dissolved into the product of group elements whose group order is a prime power. This contribution describes a way to compress an orbifold annotation to sets of such minimal automorphisms. This way a hierarchical annotation is described together with an interpretation of the annotation. Based on this annotation an example is given that illustrates the construction of an automaton for certain pattern matching problems in music processing.