Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 178-180) and index. Also issued in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1991. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 178-180) and index.

Orientador: Nécio Turra Neto / Banca: Arthur Magon Whitacker / Banca: Marcio Douglas Brito Amaral / Banca: Emmanuel Raimundo Costa Santos / Banca: Eda Maria Goes / Resumo: Esta pesquisa de doutorado volta-se à apreensão da relação cidade e natureza na Amazônia. Sua abordagem tem como foco a análise e compreensão da relação espacial constituída entre a cidade e o mar no litoral do estado do Pará, aqui considerada como uma particularidade socioespacial no contexto regional amazônico. Para tanto, analisa-se, a partir do estudo empírico das cidades de Salinópolis e São João de Pirabas, objetos, relações e práticas socioespaciais, entendidas como expressões de maritimidades urbanas na Amazônia. Para desenvolver esta proposta da pesquisa, discorre-se, inicialmente, sobre a relevância de pensar a natureza na Amazônia como um espaço social e, nesse sentido, o mar como uma dimensão da sociedade, importante na compreensão das cidades amazônicas em destaque. Aborda-se, neste primeiro momento, o conceito de espaço, aqui tomado como um instrumento analítico pertinente para a apreensão do mar, não apenas como um objeto natural ou a parte da sociedade, mas como a base geográfica da vida e das relações sociais produzidas ao longo do litoral paraense, nas cidades ali estabelecidas historicamente. Ressalta-se, assim, mais uma forma de manifestação da relação homem e natureza na Amazônia, para além do rio e/ou floresta, no caso, relação sociedade e mar. Num segundo momento, procura-se reconhecer, a partir da relação entre região e a categoria particularidade, os principais elementos geográficos da microrregião do Salgado Paraense. Para tanto, utiliza-se, neste mo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This doctoral research is focuses on the apprehension of the relation, city and nature in the Amazon. Its approach uses as the central idea, the analysis and comprehension about spatial relation between city and the sea on the coast of Pará, considered here as a socio spatial particularity in the Amazonian regional context. For this purpose, the analysis started from the empirical study about the towns of Salinópolis and São João de Pirabas, study subjects, relationships and socio spatial practices interpreted as expressions of urban maritimities in Amazon. To develop this research proposal, we first discuss the relevance of thinking about the nature in Amazon as a social space and by this angle, the sea as dimension of society, which is important to understanding the Amazonian towns analyzed. First, the concept of space, is here taken as an analytical instrument pertinent to the apprehension of the sea, not such as natural object or part of society, but also as the geographical basis of life and social relations along the coast of Pará. The cities are historically established there, thus highlighting another manifestation form of the relationship between man and nature in Amazon, beyond the rivers and forests, and in this case, the society and the sea relation. In a second moment, we try to recognize, from the relation between region and the particularity category, the main geographic elements of Salgado Paraense micro region. At this moment, the research uses concepts such ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

COSTA, Raquel Maria da Silva. A alternância das formas pronominais tu, você e o (a) senhor (a) na função de sujeito no português falado em Cametá – PA. 2016. 391f. - Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2016-11-14T12:56:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_rmscosta.pdf: 8523179 bytes, checksum: 0328d67eaecc1539fb5605aa8940a6e8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-11-14T13:02:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_rmscosta.pdf: 8523179 bytes, checksum: 0328d67eaecc1539fb5605aa8940a6e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-14T13:02:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_rmscosta.pdf: 8523179 bytes, checksum: 0328d67eaecc1539fb5605aa8940a6e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / This thesis presents a study of the alternation of pronominal forms of reference to the second person, Tu/Você/o(a) Senhor(a), in the subject function, in the Portuguese spoken in the urban area of Cametá, Northeast of the State of Pará. It adopts, as a theoretical framework, the interface between two postulates: Linguistic Variation and Change Theory and Linguistic Functionalism, generating a featured approach within the language studies of social functionalist. Our research intends to analyze the role of linguistic factors (pronoun reference, verbal structure, structural parallelism, type of report/speech, type of sentence, discursive tense and grammatical tense) and of extralinguistic or social factors (sex/gender, age, level of education and social relationship between the interlocutors) as motivators of the variable behavior of tu/você/o(a) senhor(a) in the subject function. The corpus contains data of face to face interaction of 16 focus groups, each one constituted by 04 (four) participant individuals, with one being the basis informant, all born in Cametá, stratified by age (21-29 years old and 32-42 years old), gender (male and female) and level of education (high school and higher education), totalizing 64 participants. By the basis informants speech, we got 527 data uses of Tu, Você e o(a) Senhor(a), which were quantitatively (via use of the statistical package GOLDVARB) and qualitatively analyzed, following the theoretical assumptions of the labovian sociolinguistic and of the North American functionalism. The results pointed 307 occurrences of the pronominal form tu, 182 of você and only 38 of o(a) senhor(a), which represents, respectively, 58.3%, 34.5%, e 7.2%. We noticed that the tu form is favored when in syntactic parallelism tu-tu, by the exclamatory sentence, by the indirect/direct reference to a individual, by men, high school speakers and on socially symmetric interactions; the form você is also motivated by the syntactic parallelism você-você principle, it occurs with higher frequency in indirect reference to an interlocutor or a group of generic denotation and in the own speech/direct speech; regarding the form o(a) senhor(a), we noticed that it is conditioned by the interrogative sentence, direct/specific reference to an individual, reported speech (of the own speaker and/or third person), preferred by younger individuals and by the women. Within the Social functionalism, evaluating the correlation between dependent variable and independent variables by the principle of marking, we noted that the form tu is less marked in the language of Cametá, considering the distribution of frequency and structural complexity. Therefore, it occurs in less marked environments, attesting the principle of marking (GIVÓN, 1995), as in: contexts of parallel structures tu-tu and specific direct and indirect type of reference to an interlocutor. The form você, that presents less frequency and greater structural and cognitive complexity, hence more marked, finds predilection, in more marked contexts, as: generic reference and negative declarative type of sentence. Similarly o(a) senhor(a), marked pronoun in the language, also occurs in more marked, of greater structural and cognitive complexity, contexts, as interrogative and negative sentences. / Esta Tese apresenta um estudo sobre a alternância das formas pronominais de referência à segunda pessoa, Tu/Você/o(a) Senhor(a), na função de sujeito, no português falado na zona urbana do município de Cametá, Nordeste do estado do Pará. Adota, como quadro teórico, a interface entre dois postulados teóricos: a Teoria da Variação e Mudança Linguística e o Funcionalismo linguístico, gerando dessa forma uma abordagem caracterizada no âmbito dos estudos linguísticos de sociofuncionalista. Nossa pesquisa objetiva analisar o papel de fatores linguísticos (referência do pronome, estrutura do verbo, paralelismo estrutural, tipo de relato/discurso, tipo de frase, tempo discursivo do verbo e tempo gramatical do verbo) e de fatores extralinguísticos ou sociais (sexo/gênero, faixa etária, nível de escolaridade e relação social entre os interlocutores) como motivadores do comportamento variável de tu/você/o(a) senhor(a) em função de sujeito. O corpus contém dados de interações face a face de 16 grupos focais, cada qual constituído por 04 (quatro) sujeitos participantes, sendo um o informante-base, todos cametaenses, estratificados de acordo com a faixa etária (21 a 29 anos e 32 a 42 anos), o sexo/gênero (masculino e feminino) e o nível de escolaridade (médio e superior), totalizando 64 participantes. Na fala dos 16 informantes-base, obtivemos 527 dados de uso de Tu, Você e o(a) Senhor(a), os quais foram analisados quantitativamente (mediante uso do pacote estatístico GOLDVARB) e qualitativamente, seguindo os pressupostos teóricos da sociolinguística laboviana e do funcionalismo norte-americano. Os resultados apontaram 307 ocorrências da forma pronominal tu, 182 de você e apenas 38 da forma o(a) senhor(a), o que corresponde, respectivamente, a 58.3%, 34.5% e 7.2%. Observamos que a forma tu é favorecida quando se encontra em paralelismo sintático tu-tu, pela frase exclamativa, pela referência indireta/direta a um indivíduo, pelos homens, falantes do ensino médio e nas interações socialmente simétricas; a forma você é também motivada pelo princípio do paralelismo sintático, você-você, ocorre com maior frequência em referência indireta a um interlocutor ou grupo de denotação genérica e na fala própria/discurso direto; em relação à forma o(a) senhor(a), observamos que é condicionada pelo tipo de frase interrogativa, referência direta/específica a um indivíduo, fala reportada (do próprio falante e/ou terceira pessoa), preferida pelos mais jovens e pelas mulheres. No âmbito do Sociofuncionalismo, ao avaliarmos a correlação entre variável dependente e variáveis independentes pelo princípio da marcação, verificamos que a forma tu é menos marcada na linguagem cametaense, considerando-se a distribuição de frequência e a complexidade estrutural. Portanto, ocorre preferencialmente em ambientes menos marcados, atestando o princípio da marcação (GIVÓN, 1995), como em: contextos de estruturas paralelas tu-tu e tipo de referência específica direta e indireta a um interlocutor. A forma você, de menor frequência e maior complexidade estrutural e cognitiva, por isso mais marcada, encontra predileção, nos contextos mais marcados, como: referência genérica e frase do tipo declarativa negativa. Da mesma forma o(a) senhor(a), pronome marcado na língua, ocorre em contextos mais marcados também, de maior complexidade estrutural e cognitiva, como frases interrogativas e negativas.

The dissertation presents a detailed investigation of Sophocles' Oedipus and Shakespeare's Hamlet in the context of Freud's comparison of the plays, sketched out in a number of his early writings (most notably The Interpretation of Dreams) but never pursued at length either by him or by any later critics. The interest of the current investigation is not inspired simply by the absence of such a detailed comparison, on the one hand, and by its constant implication in the modem analysis of the plays in question, on the other. The particular inspiration for the current project is the work of Jean Laplanche that in the last forty years has been dedicated to a fundamental reconceptualisation of Freud's theory of the human subject by way of return to the questions of the seduction and otherness. Equally inspiring for the current project have been the recent developments in the non-psychoanalytic analyses of tragedy (ancient Greek, Elizabethan, and as genre as such) that consistently aspire to cross the boundaries of the traditional textual-historicist approach to the literary text in order to accommodate the particularly heterogeneous nature of their object of study. Thus, the current project provides a comprehensive analysis of Sophocles' Oedipus and Shakespeare's Hamlet, successively, at the intersection of psychoanalytic and other (philological and philosophical) approaches to tragedy, paying attention not only to the texts of the tragedies themselves but to the narrative-mythological, dramatic, and, in the case of Sophocles, translational tradition to which they pertain. The relevance of Freudian categories to the texts and genre in question is thus thoroughly examined. As a result, the conclusion is reached that it is specifically through Laplanchean reconceptualisation of Freud's notion of seduction (and the related notions of the enigmatic message, the other, translation and transference) that a psychoanalytic approach becomes more amenable to the needs of literary analysis. The application of Laplanchean categories to the analysis of these tragedies helps to elucidate the role of the father with new precision (in comparison with the previous mother-centred approaches to these tragedies). In its main body, the dissertation consists of a general Introduction, analytical sections on Sophocles' Oedipus and Shakespeare's Hamlet, Conclusion, and the list of the consulted works.

The present work considers the novel of Joseph and Aseneth (J & A) as an allegorical text which was transmitted in various cultural environments, potentially from the poly-cultural background of Hellenistic Judaism to the time of the novel's extant manuscripts in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. While positing that J & A was conceived as a versatile text around the time of the rise of the ancient Greek novel, the thesis highlights the sophisticated literary features of this religious text. In fact, the imagery of J & A is loaded with further significance, touching upon mystical themes which can be compared with pagan testimonies of arcane lore and mysteries. Moreover, typical scenes in J & A are devised by means of complex rhetorical strategies, which contributed to the addition of further senses to the story. Indeed, the allegorical discourse which can be detected in J & A conferred to the novel a plain narrative surface, while leaving a deeper significance for its readers and interpreters to decode. In this respect, J & A is brought closer to Classical texts such as the ancient novels and Homeric literature, because its narrative allowed subsequent interpretations and even adaptations of the story in different cultural and religious contexts. While points of contact between J & A and pagan, Jewish and Christian allegorical texts may be only suggestive, the present analysis hopes to envisions a few proposals for the early purpose and aftermath of J & A from its hypothetical original milieu in Hellenistic Judaism to the end of Antiquity.

This thesis examines the body's thematization in narrative, and as part of the aesthetic consciousness of the modernist novel. Its starting point is Joyce's pioneering association of Ulysses with the functions of a live body, and the interdisciplinary rationale that his Thomist aesthetics of wholeness enact. Joyce's view of his text as a multi-levelled, reciprocally interdependent hierarchy of various fields, including art and science, as developed in the Linati and Gilbert Schemes, sheds light on the polyphonic and polyglottic narratorial tactics of U. Joyce's enterprise is compared to the Greek modernist novel which developed its innovative techniques in accordance with the general demand for a reorientation of Greek literature toward introspection. The reception of U in Greece coincided with the heyday of this attempt which was characterized by experimentation and was influenced by psychoanalysis, phenomenology and anthropological studies. The three Greek authors in this study, Stelios Xefloudas, Nikos Gavriil Pentzikis, Giorgos Cheimonas, each of them representing a different period in the development of the modem novel, were variously influenced by Joyce's work. The argument particularly focuses on their use of the body in the text in the light of Joyce's work. The foreword, a theoretical introduction, sets forth the terms of the argument. The first chapter is a brief survey of Us reception in Greece. It discusses the quest for the renewal of Greek literature which started around the thirties. Tracing the links of this renewal With Joyce's work, it particularly focuses on the techniques of introspection and their association with the body, as part of the aesthetic consciousness of the inner-orientated or 'introverted' novel. The second chapter is an analysis of Joyce's paradigmatic use of the body in the text. Focusing on the act of creation in comedy, scientific discovery and aesthetic rapture, it discusses the psycho-physiological processes and the cultural psycho-dynamics which are compressed within Q, and support its multi-perspectival and multi-interpretative orientation. Joyce's mock-heroic, his anti-theology, the aesthetics of the androgynous artist, desire in language and bodily interference in the act of writing are seen in relation to the body and in the light of Joyce's explanatory schemes. Chapter three examines Xefloudas's attempted assimilation of Joyce's introspective techniques, in the use of myth, in the questing voyager archetype, and in desire in language through the myth of eternal return. The fourth chapter discusses N. G. Pentzikis's Christian-Freudian-Jungian perspective on Joyce's work and his reworking of Us motifs in a surrealist mode (dream, metamorphosis, free association). His endeavour to subvert his own literary past takes place through the re-writing of Drosmiis's novel, To Mythistorema fis Kytlas Ersis. In this book all elements of Greek modernism are welded together. Pentzikis undoes and redoes the Parnassian novel, drawing heavily upon Q, and the Hellenic and Byzantine legacies which he semi-parodically incorporates into his art. His use of the Rabelaislan body and the grotesque, which reflects his language games, also emulates Joyce's. The fifth chapter deals with Cheimonas, as a successor of the previous authors. Cheimonas revisits all the thematic motifs of Joyce and of the aforementioned Greek authors in the light of contemporary phenomenology, psychoanalysis, psycho-linguistics and deconstruction. In an attempted assimilation of the language of FW and Joyce's preoccupation with the sound of the word, he writes an elliptical prose violated in its syntax, grammar and word-formation. His texts are a journey to the origins of language. Through violent dramatizations of psycho-linguistic theories, these texts aim at revealing the body's voice.

A área de estudos situa-se na porção central do Estado do Pará, no município de Altamira, perfazendo 6300 km2. Nesta região estão localizados os mais importantes sítios projetados para a implantação de usinas hidrelétricas do rio Xingu. A partir de informações referentes aos estudos geológico-geotécnicos para a elaboração do projeto denominado \"Complexo Hidrelétrico de Altamira\", somadas aos dados de campo obtidos pelo autor entre 1986 e 1989, além da análise morfoestrutural em produtos de sensoriamento remoto e em cartas topográficas, foi possível a identificação de evidências de movimentações neotectônicas na área de estudos. Os poucos trabalhos publicados sobre os depósitos quaternários continentais, em especial na Amazônia, fez com que durante a elaboração deste estudo, fosse sentida a necessidade de desenvolver uma metodologia apropriada para a caracterização das evidências neotectônicas estudadas em um contexto regional. Desta forma, destaca-se a análise dos gradientes hidráulicos das drenagens de 2ª ordem como um produto que possibilitou a identificação, juntamente com a análise dos lineamentos morfoestruturais, de quatro sistemas de lineamentos principais, denominados de Paratizinho, Santo Antônio, Paxamba e Cachoeira Grande. Estes sistemas de lineamentos, ao interseccionarem o rio Xingu, marcam diferenças na morfologia das ocorrências dos depósitos quaternários. É proposto um modelo evolutivo para o rio Xingu através de condições neotectônicas, interpretando-se, assim, a causa do desvio do curso do rio na forma de um grande arco voltado para sudeste, entre as cidades de Altamira e Belo Monte. Os dados disponíveis permitem considerar a área em ascensão durante o Cenozoico. Os lineamentos com direções N80W e N40/30W, característicos no curso do rio Xingu, sugerem a existência de compressão segundo NW e extensão segundo NE. Desta forma, as estruturas NW observadas em áreas com variação lateral brusca de espessura de sedimentos quaternários, estariam representando reativações neotectônicas destas descontinuidades em sistemas de falhas normais. Estes esforços neotectônicos poderiam estar representando uma resultante das tensões intraplaca relativas à migração das placas de Nazca, Cocos e Caribe sob a Placa Sul Americana e a expansão na Cadeia Meso-Oceânica, ou ainda poderiam estar relacionados a uma condição de isostasia do Cráton Amazônico devido ao acúmulo da carga sedimentar cenozoica na foz do rio Amazonas e nas bacias do Acre e Solimões, e erosão na região compreendida pelos altos estruturais de Purus e Gurupá. Como resultado de aplicação, as características neotectônicas apontadas podem ser utilizadas no detalhamento das obras de engenharia ou na prospecção de materiais naturais de construção. / On the basis of geological and geotechnical studies carried out as a part of the \"Altamira Hydroelectric Complex\" Project along the Xingu river (southeastern Amazon region, Brazil), geological data gathered by the author from 1986 to 1989 and morphostructural analysis of remote sensing products and topographic maps, it was possible to identify evidence of neotectonic movements in the area known as the \"Volta Grande\" of the Xingu river. Because few papers have been published on Brazilian Quaternary continental deposits, especially on those of the Amazon region, it was necessary to develop a suitable method to characterize neotectonic evidence within the regional context of the study area. The principal results were derived from the integrated analysis of data on the hydraulic gradients of second order drainage together with data from lineament analysis. The main lineament systems are the Paratizinho, Santo Antônio, Paxamba and Cachoeira Grande Systems, which are interpreted as tectonic boundaries between blocks with neotectonic activity, especially well marked along the course of the Xingu River. A model is proposed for the evolution of the Xingu River which shows the importance of neotectonic movements on the change in the direction of the river flow, resulting in the large arc in the river, the \"Volta Grande\", between the cities of Altamira and Belo Monte. The available data suggest that the study area has been in gradual uplift during the Late Cenozoic. The lineaments with directions N80W and N30-40W, typical of the area restricted to the Xingu river course, suggest a NW direction of compression and Ne direction of extension. The NW-trending structures observed in areas with abrupt lateral variations of thickness of the Quaternary sediments are indicative of reactivation of these discontinuities as normal faults. The neotectonic stress field of the study area can be explained by the interplay between migration of the Nazca, Cocos, Caribe and South American plates and sea-floor spreading along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and/or, alternatively, to the isostatic response to the Amazon River and in the Acre and Solimões basins, with consequent erosion in the area located between the Purus and Gurupá arches.

by See Kai-hung. / Title in Chinese: / Includes bibliographical references / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1986

by Leung Siu. / Title also in Chinese. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: leaves 117-118.