Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

The objective of my dissertation work was to provide a better understanding of consumer choices related to these two important tradeoffs that consumers are often confronted with in the marketplace. Drawing upon regulatory focus theory, I investigated how consumers choose between price and quality or price and quantity, in each of two essays, thereby shedding light on the role of consumer goals in purchase decisions. In the first essay, I propose that quality is predominantly a promotion feature whereas price is predominantly a prevention feature. Therefore, promotion oriented consumers should be more attentive to differences in product quality whereas prevention oriented consumers should be more attentive to differences in product price. Three studies demonstrate that quality (price) is more strongly associated with a promotion (prevention) orientation, that promotion (prevention) oriented consumers prefer products with higher quality (cheaper prices), and that these preferences are mitigated when consumers do not need to prioritize between price and quality and are mediated by relative attention to quality versus price. In the second essay, I investigate the manner in which consumers' goal orientations affect their preferences for monetary versus nonmonetary promotional offers, such as bonus packs and price discounts. I propose that consumers with a promotion (vs. prevention) orientation are more likely to prefer a bonus pack offer over an economically equivalent price discount offer. Two pretests and one study provide empirical support for this key prediction. I also identify theoretically defensible and managerially actionable boundary conditions for this effect that are related to price levels and product types.

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-04-29T15:34:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Luiza_Campos.pdf: 3776783 bytes, checksum: 215774855e547e4c46542e6910e14fac (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2015-05-05T17:10:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Luiza_Campos.pdf: 3776783 bytes, checksum: 215774855e547e4c46542e6910e14fac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-05T17:10:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Luiza_Campos.pdf: 3776783 bytes, checksum: 215774855e547e4c46542e6910e14fac (MD5) / CAPES / Este trabalho dedica-se ao estudo do conflito entre três famílias sertanejas da Bahia – Castros, Mouras e Canguçús – na região de Caetité e Rio de Contas entre 1844 e 1851. O conflito teve seu auge quando Leolino Pinheiro Canguçú reteve Pórcia Carolina da Silva Castro, tia do poeta Castro Alves, no sobrado dos Canguçús em Bom Jesus dos Meiras (atual Brumado) no ano de 1844. No entanto, fatores preexistentes explicam o desenvolvimento do conflito entre Mouras e Canguçús. Aquela era uma luta, também, pelo poder econômico na região. As famílias envolvidas formaram pequenos bandos armados com o objetivo de efetivar vinganças privadas. Procurei inserir esses sertões baianos no contexto da consolidação do Estado nacional e das reformas centralizadoras de meados do século XIX. Essas regiões representavam instabilidade e colaboravam para a existência de um contexto de tensões sociais e políticas no início do Segundo Reinado no Brasil.This work dedicates to the study of the conflict between three families in the backwoods – Castros, Mouras and Canguçús – in Caetité and Rio de Contas area, between 1844 and 1851. Sometimes we get back to older times intending to clarify important questions about the region and the conflict. The apex of the conflict took place when Leolino Pinheiro Canguçú held Pórcia Carolina da Silva Castro captive, Castro Alves’ aunt, in the loft of the Canguçús located in Bom Jesus dos Meiras (currently Brumado), in the year of 1844. However, other factors, which already coexisted, explain the development of the conflict between Mouras and Canguçús. The family involved in that gathered in small armed packs aiming to perform private vengeances. We looked forward to insert these backwoods from Bahia inside the context of consolidation of the national State and centering reforms from XIX century. These regions portrayed instability and corroborated to the existence of a social tensions context and policies during the Second Reign in Brasil.

En designer menar att kommunicera sina idéer genom illustrerande plaggskisser till andra involverade i företaget. Idéerna är vaga, detaljrika, provisoriska eller abstrakta. Att tolka någonting som saknar precision är en osäkerhet, dessutom kan feltolkningar av skisser skapa stora kommunikationsproblem inom ett designteam. Genom att utföra semistrukturerade intervjuer och deltagande observationer hos modeföretag i Sverige har kvalitativt material jämförts med den litteratur och de studier som finns om ämnet idag. Från de studier och artiklar som refereras till i detta arbetet har olika riktningar uppenbarats, som kan vara goda att undersöka i ämnet. Däribland behovet av att skapa meta-notationer, nämligen ett skriftligt system som diskuterar kommunikationen i designprocessen. Ett antal flödeskartor har även ritats upp, utifrån observationer av gruppdynamik, företagsstruktur, beteendemönster, samt intervjufrågor med olika roller i designteamen. / A designer believes that communicating their ideas through illustrative garment sketches to others involved in the company. The ideas are vague, detailed, provisional or abstract. Interpreting something that lacks precision is an uncertainty; furthermore, misinterpretation of sketches can create great communication problems with design teams. By conducting semi-structured interviews and having participatory observations at fashion companies in Sweden, qualitative material has been compared to the literature and studies available on the subject today. From the studies and articles referred to in this work, different directions have been revealed, which may be good to investigate on the subject. This includes the need to create meta-notations, namely a written system that discusses the communication in the design process. A number of flow charts have thus been drawn up, based on observations on tone, gestures and mimics, as well as interview questions with different roles in the design teams.

Freshwater is a resource under threat due to anthropogenic actions. Stream restoration is a common method for mitigating disturbance. Inconsistent methodologies used for evaluating restorations have drawn criticism. Limited use of baseline data for guiding stream restoration activities is of particular concern. This study was developed to elucidate metrics that differentiate reference and disturbed sites in Upper Coastal Plain streams. This information could improve resource use and successes of restorations. Structural and functional variables were examined in 10 reference and 10 streams that meet the traditional definition of disturbance and would be restoration priorities. Disturbed streams were classified into two regimes, temporal, based on time since disturbance, and categorical, based on disturbance cause. Some metrics of geomorphology, water chemistry and macroinvertebrates differentiated reference from disturbed regimes and while other metrics separated streams within disturbance regimes. Surprisingly, leaf decay rate was not an effective metric for determining disturbance. However, macroinvertebrate leaf pack colonizers were found to be useful for differentiating reference sites and disturbance regimes. Of the 10 disturbed streams this study examined, my data suggests that only three are in immediate need of restoration. This study emphasizes the importance of baseline data and its potential benefits for guiding stream restoration.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar logística reversa e buscar ferramentas para a solução de problemas que surgem neste campo; um segundo objetivo, é contribuir para o dimensionamento do sistema de embalagens retornáveis do Entreposto Terminal São Paulo da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo (ETSP-CEAGESP), respeitando os conceitos e técnicas da literatura revisada. Nos últimos anos a logística reversa adquiriu maior importância, tanto no contexto internacional quanto no nacional. Motivado pelo potencial de crescimento nessa área, o presente trabalho apresenta, inicialmente, uma visão geral sobre logística reversa, seus conceitos, aplicações e delimitações. Foi realizado o estudo das embalagens no Entreposto Terminal São Paulo da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo (ETSP-CEAGESP), tendo sido tomado como foco o produto tomate, por sua alta representatividade comercial no entreposto. Para a estruturação do sistema de embalagens retornáveis foi escolhida a simulação como método de solução, pois ela permite levar em consideração a dinâmica do sistema. O modelo proposto foi elaborado utilizando o software ArenaÒ e, para uma melhor compreensão, foi dividido em três partes: a primeira, que contém o fluxo entre a central de embalagens e os pontos de comercialização intermediária; a segunda, com o fluxo entre os pontos de comercialização intermediária ao ponto de comercialização final; a terceira, que contêm o fluxo entre o ponto de comercialização final e a central de embalagens. / This work intends to characterize reverse logistics and explore tools to solve problems that might be related to this field; a secondary purpose is to contribute to structure the returnable packs system originated at the São Paulo’s Trading Terminal da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo (ETSP-CEAGESP), by respecting the concepts and techniques listed in the revised literature. In the recent years, reverse logistics has become more meaningful in both the international and national context. Motivated by the potential of growth in this segment, this work presents, initially, a general outlook on reverse logistics, its concepts, applications and delimitations. A research on packs generated at the Entreposto Terminal São Paulo da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo (ETSP-CEAGESP) has been performed focusing on the tomato product, due to it high commercial substance. Since a simulation method takes into account the system’s dynamics, it has been selected to structure the returnable packs system. The proposed model has been developed using the Software ArenaÒ. For a better comprehension, the model has been divided into three segments. The first segment contains the flow between the packaging central and the intermediary retail markets; the following, the flow between intermediary retail markets and final markets; and the latest, comprises the final markets and the packaging central.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:20:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dahrouj_ls_me_bauru.pdf: 1561496 bytes, checksum: 413911b8f75eb43118c41dfe126407d7 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O design de embalagens de produtos de consumo deve atender a vários aspectos como segurança, conforto, eficácia, estética, entre outros. Estes elementos devem contemplar as características e capacidades dos usuários, considerando especialmente a força manual no design ergonômico das embalagens, com o objetivo de disponibilizar produtos confiáveis e seguros, de fácil acesso para usuários com capacidades limitadas (idosos) ou de difícil acesso para aqueles indivíduos que não são usuários e não deveriam acessar o produto (crianças). A falta de parâmetros biomecânicos adequados e confiáveis, de todas as faixas populacionais, incluindo as crianças, parece ser uma das causas que ainda impede os designers e a indústria de embalagens de desenvolver produtos com tampas que não impedem a ocorrência de acidentes e estão relacionados a elevados números de intoxicações envolvendo crianças. Por este motivo, o propósito desta pesquisa foi verificar as forças de manipulação empregadas durante a abertura de embalagens de água sanitária, especificamente a força de torção, ou torque, exercida por crianças (faixa etária de 2 a 5 anos) na abertura de tampas com sistema de rosca, visando apresentar parâmetros mínimos para o projeto de embalagens com tampas seguras. A metodologia empregada nesta pesquisa envolveu a utilização de três embalagens reais, adaptadas para a mensuração de torque. As três tampas analisadas possuíam dimensões diferentes e os resultados indicam uma forte influência desta variável na capacidade de aplicação de torque pelos sujeitos. Neste sentido, as dimensões recomendadas para as tampas de produtos com potencial tóxico devem ser próximas às apresentadas pela tampa de menor diâmetro desta avaliação, cujo design permitiu menor capacidade de aplicação de torque pelas crianças, o que dificultaria o acesso das mesmas, numa situação... / The design of consumption products packs must take care ofsome aspects, as security, comfort, effectiveness, aesthetic, among others. These elements must especially contemplate the characteristics and capacities of hte users, being considered the manual force in ergonomic design of the packs, with the objective of to make available trustworthy and safe products, or still, easy access for those users with limited capacities (aged) or difficult access for those individuals that are not using and they must not have access the product (children). The lack of adequate and trustworthy biomechanic parameters, of all the population bands, including the childre, seems to be one of the causes that still designers hinders and the industry of packs to developed products with really safe covers. Products with high toxic potential, as the sanitary water, are available in packs with covers that do not hinder the occurrence of accidents and, for this and other reasons are related the raised numbers of poisonings involving children. In this way, the intention of this research was to verify the used forces of manipulation during the opening of sanitary water packs, specifically the torsional force, or torque, exerted for children (age band between 2 and 5 year) in the opening of covers with thread system, aiming at to present minimum parameters for the project of packs with safe covers. The methodology used in this research involved the use of three real packs, adapted for the measure of torque. The three analyzed covers had different and the results indicate one strong influence of this variable in the capacity of aplication of torque for the citizens. In this direction, the dimensions recommended for the covers of products with toxic potential must be next to the presented ones for the cover to lesser diameter of this evaluation, whose design allowed to minor capacity of application of torque... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Luis Carlos Paschoarelli / Banca: Maria Lucia Leite Ribeiro Okimoto / Banca: José Carlos Plácido da Silva / Resumo: O design de embalagens de produtos de consumo deve atender a vários aspectos como segurança, conforto, eficácia, estética, entre outros. Estes elementos devem contemplar as características e capacidades dos usuários, considerando especialmente a força manual no design ergonômico das embalagens, com o objetivo de disponibilizar produtos confiáveis e seguros, de fácil acesso para usuários com capacidades limitadas (idosos) ou de difícil acesso para aqueles indivíduos que não são usuários e não deveriam acessar o produto (crianças). A falta de parâmetros biomecânicos adequados e confiáveis, de todas as faixas populacionais, incluindo as crianças, parece ser uma das causas que ainda impede os designers e a indústria de embalagens de desenvolver produtos com tampas que não impedem a ocorrência de acidentes e estão relacionados a elevados números de intoxicações envolvendo crianças. Por este motivo, o propósito desta pesquisa foi verificar as forças de manipulação empregadas durante a abertura de embalagens de água sanitária, especificamente a força de torção, ou torque, exercida por crianças (faixa etária de 2 a 5 anos) na abertura de tampas com sistema de rosca, visando apresentar parâmetros mínimos para o projeto de embalagens com tampas seguras. A metodologia empregada nesta pesquisa envolveu a utilização de três embalagens reais, adaptadas para a mensuração de torque. As três tampas analisadas possuíam dimensões diferentes e os resultados indicam uma forte influência desta variável na capacidade de aplicação de torque pelos sujeitos. Neste sentido, as dimensões recomendadas para as tampas de produtos com potencial tóxico devem ser próximas às apresentadas pela tampa de menor diâmetro desta avaliação, cujo design permitiu menor capacidade de aplicação de torque pelas crianças, o que dificultaria o acesso das mesmas, numa situação... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The design of consumption products packs must take care ofsome aspects, as security, comfort, effectiveness, aesthetic, among others. These elements must especially contemplate the characteristics and capacities of hte users, being considered the manual force in ergonomic design of the packs, with the objective of to make available trustworthy and safe products, or still, easy access for those users with limited capacities (aged) or difficult access for those individuals that are not using and they must not have access the product (children). The lack of adequate and trustworthy biomechanic parameters, of all the population bands, including the childre, seems to be one of the causes that still designers hinders and the industry of packs to developed products with really safe covers. Products with high toxic potential, as the sanitary water, are available in packs with covers that do not hinder the occurrence of accidents and, for this and other reasons are related the raised numbers of poisonings involving children. In this way, the intention of this research was to verify the used forces of manipulation during the opening of sanitary water packs, specifically the torsional force, or torque, exerted for children (age band between 2 and 5 year) in the opening of covers with thread system, aiming at to present minimum parameters for the project of packs with safe covers. The methodology used in this research involved the use of three real packs, adapted for the measure of torque. The three analyzed covers had different and the results indicate one strong influence of this variable in the capacity of aplication of torque for the citizens. In this direction, the dimensions recommended for the covers of products with toxic potential must be next to the presented ones for the cover to lesser diameter of this evaluation, whose design allowed to minor capacity of application of torque... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar logística reversa e buscar ferramentas para a solução de problemas que surgem neste campo; um segundo objetivo, é contribuir para o dimensionamento do sistema de embalagens retornáveis do Entreposto Terminal São Paulo da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo (ETSP-CEAGESP), respeitando os conceitos e técnicas da literatura revisada. Nos últimos anos a logística reversa adquiriu maior importância, tanto no contexto internacional quanto no nacional. Motivado pelo potencial de crescimento nessa área, o presente trabalho apresenta, inicialmente, uma visão geral sobre logística reversa, seus conceitos, aplicações e delimitações. Foi realizado o estudo das embalagens no Entreposto Terminal São Paulo da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo (ETSP-CEAGESP), tendo sido tomado como foco o produto tomate, por sua alta representatividade comercial no entreposto. Para a estruturação do sistema de embalagens retornáveis foi escolhida a simulação como método de solução, pois ela permite levar em consideração a dinâmica do sistema. O modelo proposto foi elaborado utilizando o software ArenaÒ e, para uma melhor compreensão, foi dividido em três partes: a primeira, que contém o fluxo entre a central de embalagens e os pontos de comercialização intermediária; a segunda, com o fluxo entre os pontos de comercialização intermediária ao ponto de comercialização final; a terceira, que contêm o fluxo entre o ponto de comercialização final e a central de embalagens. / This work intends to characterize reverse logistics and explore tools to solve problems that might be related to this field; a secondary purpose is to contribute to structure the returnable packs system originated at the São Paulo’s Trading Terminal da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo (ETSP-CEAGESP), by respecting the concepts and techniques listed in the revised literature. In the recent years, reverse logistics has become more meaningful in both the international and national context. Motivated by the potential of growth in this segment, this work presents, initially, a general outlook on reverse logistics, its concepts, applications and delimitations. A research on packs generated at the Entreposto Terminal São Paulo da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo (ETSP-CEAGESP) has been performed focusing on the tomato product, due to it high commercial substance. Since a simulation method takes into account the system’s dynamics, it has been selected to structure the returnable packs system. The proposed model has been developed using the Software ArenaÒ. For a better comprehension, the model has been divided into three segments. The first segment contains the flow between the packaging central and the intermediary retail markets; the following, the flow between intermediary retail markets and final markets; and the latest, comprises the final markets and the packaging central.