Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:32:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jussaramar da Silva.pdf: 2477923 bytes, checksum: 2614632b7c9c8440973ccdeb6c695ac2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation objective to discuss the role assumed for the Special Assessorship of Security and Informations of Itaipu Hydroeletric (AESI s), enter the years 1973 up to 1988. These Assessorships had consisted as an arm of the repression in Brazil and Paraguay, as well as of the Condor Operation. During the analyzed period, they had had the role to spy on and to emit reports on the workers of Itaipu, as well as of any people who were considered suspicion in the region of the Tríplice Border. For the understanding of the object in analysis, we launch hand of the expedient to understand the construction of the hydroelectric as form to objectify the model of development of the Brazilian and Paraguayan State, which discharged in the States of National Security, transforming all into internal enemy potentials / Essa dissertação objetiva discutir o papel assumido pelas Assessorias Especiais de Segurança e Informações da Hidrelétrica de Itaipu (AESI s), entre os anos de 1973 até 1988. Essas Assessorias constituíram-se como um braço da repressão no Brasil e no Paraguai, bem como da Operação Condor. Durante o período analisado, elas tiveram o papel de espionar e emitir relatórios sobre os trabalhadores de Itaipu, bem como de quaisquer pessoas que fossem consideradas suspeitas na região da Tríplice Fronteira. Para a compreensão do objeto em análise, lançamos mão do expediente de compreender a construção da hidrelétrica como forma de objetivar o modelo de desenvolvimento do Estado brasileiro e paraguaio, que desembocou nos Estados de Segurança Nacional, transformando todos em potenciais inimigos internos

MORAIS, Fábio André da Silva. Às armas cearenses, é justa a guerra: nação, honra, pátria e mobilização para a guerra contra o Paraguai na Província do Ceará: (1865-1870). 2007. 206 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Social, Fortaleza-CE, 2007. / Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-06-25T13:38:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Dis_FASMoraes.pdf: 1489233 bytes, checksum: 3fc74da0999788b3c55a19cf63f4a774 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-06-25T14:50:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Dis_FASMoraes.pdf: 1489233 bytes, checksum: 3fc74da0999788b3c55a19cf63f4a774 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-06-25T14:50:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Dis_FASMoraes.pdf: 1489233 bytes, checksum: 3fc74da0999788b3c55a19cf63f4a774 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / The present work has the objective to analyze the process of military mobilization to the war against Paraguay (1865-1870) in the Province of Ceara as well as to reflect on the social impacts of the war effort on significant part of the population of Ceara at that period. The war effort demanded for the imperial government a wide movement of military recruitment never seen before in Brazil and felt in the whole national territory. The process of state-owned extraction of recruited pointed out contingents to that conflict, and the interference of the central government in the dynamic of the local life and in the relationships of established power, created a big social tension in the Province of Ceara. In other words, the enlargement of the recruitment meant to come in areas of influence and domain of the powerful locals, what demanded from the imperial State a complex and tense negotiation with the potentates. In spite of the considerable affluence of the soldiers in the first year of war (1865), the post-war years were of great violence and terror in Ceara backlands. The resistance of the recruited target population produced great conflicts in the countryside of the Province, with escape and rescue of recruited, breaks of prisons, attacks on commissions of recruitment, self-mutilations, body injuries, etc. Together with the efforts of the men enlistment to be incorporated into Brazilian military forces, developed also in Ceara, a wide movement call. The speech of call aimed to make war legitimate as well as to motivate the most delicate matters in the military mobilization to the conflict in Province of Ceara, was the call of underage from the Navy Learners Company of Ceara in order to be crewed in the warships of the Brazilian Navy in action in the Prata basin. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o processo de mobilização militar para a guerra contra o Paraguai (1865-1870) na Província do Ceará e refletir sobre os impactos sociais do esforço bélico sobre parte significativa da população cearense do período. O esforço de guerra demandou do governo imperial um amplo movimento de recrutamento militar até antes nunca visto no Brasil e sentido em todo o território nacional. O processo de extração estatal de contingentes recrutados e destacados para o conflito, e a interferência do governo central na dinâmica da vida local e nas relações de poder estabelecidas, gerou uma grande tensão social na Província do Ceará. Em outras palavras, a ampliação do recrutamento significou adentrar em áreas de influência e domínio dos poderosos locais, o que exigia do Estado imperial uma complexa e tensa negociação com os potentados. Apesar da afluência considerável de soldados no primeiro ano da guerra (1865), os anos posteriores foram de grande violência e terror nos sertões do Ceará. A resistência da população alvo do recrutamento produziu grandes conflitos no interior da província, com fugas e resgate de recrutados, arrombamento de cadeias, ataques a comissões de recrutamento, auto-mutilações, lesões corporais dentre outros. Conjuntamente ao esforço de arregimentação de homens para serem incorporados às forças militares brasileiras, desenvolveu-se também no Ceará, um amplo movimento de convocação. O discurso de convocação visava tanto legitimar a guerra quanto motivar o engajamento da população no esforço de guerra. Por fim, uma das questões mais delicadas do processo da mobilização militar para o conflito na Província do Ceará, foi o destacamento de menores da Companhia de Aprendizes Marinheiros do Ceará a fim de serem tripulados nos vasos de guerra da Marinha brasileira em ação na Bacia do Prata.

Les missionnaires jésuites de Nouvelle-France entreprennent en 1637 un ambitieux projet de conversion des autochtones du pays. Suivant le modèle des «réductions» du Paraguay, ils créent cinq communautés d'Amérindiens convertis à proximité des principaux établissements français au cours du dix-septième siècle. L'agriculture s'y pratique toutefois difficilement et les missionnaires doivent composer avec le nomadisme inhérent aux activités de chasse saisonnières. «L'Eglise naissante» du Canada, au rituel truffé de coutumes autochtones, n'en jette pas moins ses fondements. Les Jésuites protègent jalousement leur juridiction sur ces enclaves culturelles, aussi s'opposent-ils avec succès à une politique visant l'intégration des réductions à la population coloniale. Ces communautés conservent donc leur autonomie politique face aux autorités françaises. / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2013

近年來，國際體系已從冷戰期間的兩元化趨向為現今的多元化發展，國際關係中國家角色的定位亦已由消極地孤立、不結盟朝向結盟、區域整合與全球化的目標邁進，並積極地參與國際政治與經濟組織，以因應全球競爭白熱化的趨勢。有鑑於此，全球性及區域性的經貿組織如雨後春筍般盛行，為當今國際經濟與金融新秩序之整合，注入一股欣欣向榮的氣象。 　　巴拉圭向為堅決反共的國家，在東西冷戰結束後邁向民主政治，並於國際上力求擺脫從前孤立形象，重返國際舞台，在其所參與之許多國際組織中，尤以當今第三大經貿集團─南錐共同市場，對其國家發展影響至深且鉅。巴拉圭在南錐共同市場四個創始會員國中雖屈居弱勢，但其如何能在南錐強鄰間運用外交政策─折衝、斡旋，並以四兩撥千金方式，強化本身競爭利基，積極謀求開創新的國家角色，實為巴拉圭未來在南錐共同市場發展所需面臨的挑戰與深思的課題。再者，當整合階段若仍處於較低階的國家層次時，遇國家利益與區域利益相衝突，各會員國往往以國家利益為先。因此，在南錐共同市場的整合過程中與各會員國間互動關係、定位、「區域角色」的扮演、以至於如何達成高層次的區域調和，循序漸進地朝向經濟整合程序邁進，著實對巴拉圭與其他會員國的政治與經濟皆產生莫大之衝擊，巴拉圭政府如何在國家利益與區域利益中取得平衡點並採取有效的因應策略，亦是其國家發展中需面對的另一重大考驗。 　　本論文共分為七章。第壹章緒論，第貳章闡述國際關係中角色理論之基本概念、層次分析及類別，強調在詭譎多變的國際關係中，國家仍一貫扮演最重要的角色，第參章從歷史發展軌跡中探討巴拉圭的國家角色及其外交政策取向之演變，尤其對巴拉圭與巴西及阿根廷之雙邊與三邊互動關係，做一全盤性的概述，以便增進對巴拉圭所處之整體情勢有所了解。第肆章主要針對巴拉圭加入南錐共同市場之政治與經濟動機，和不同面向之內、外在環境時空背景作剖析，第伍章說明南錐共同市場靜態面的基本制度、原則、組織架構與功能介紹及動態面的整合運作模式；以析論南錐共同市場區域內整合深化程度與區域外廣化之關係。第陸章探討巴拉圭在南錐共同市場之角色定位，藉由其發表之「南錐共同市場政策白皮書」檢視其外交政策，並對其在南錐共同市場之未來運作趨勢與影響作深入研究，第陸章結論，就巴拉圭之國家角色和區域角色之互動機制作一總結，旨在對巴拉圭加入南錐共同市場之前景與挑戰賦予嶄新的期許，期能透過政治對話、經濟同盟，創造競爭優勢。第柒章為結論。 / The purpose of this thesis is twofold. The first is to describe and obtain some stylized facts about Paraguay's insertion into MERCOSUR and clarify how this trading bloc enables the economic integration among its members. The second is to analyze the likely economic policies that Paraguay, a small country, may develop in order to identify her own available options, bearing in mind her landlocked but geo-strategic position in the Common Market. The scope on Paraguay's vocation for the democracy consolidation, as well as her pursuit to take due advantages of her abundant hydroelectric energy, and to become into a logistic production and services center for those who are interested in exploring the huge market of more than 200 millions consumers of MERCOSUR, also takes place in this paper. Since the creation of MERCOSUR, Paraguay had to face, frequently, outward difficulties in its efforts to remove non-tariff barriers imposed mainly by its two big neighbours - Brazil and Argentine, beside inward political disagreement and impasse. Her traditional open and informal market precises the due governmental and economical reforms, so her private sector may stands still in the present stage of a consolidating and challenging custom union. The gradual decline of Paraguay's Eastern City - Ciudad del Este, as a prototype of the commerce of re-exportation shows a clear sign of alert to the whole subsisted economy system, that may not apply for the forthcoming trend of mayor competitiveness, since its incompatible pattern with the new scheme of integration, must find its own way to harmonize Paraguay's and MERCOSUR'S joint interests. That means there is still a lot of reforms to be done. For the application of mid and long term trade policies, the year 2006 - time when full-fledged liberalization under IMERCOSUR will become a reality, may appear much closer for Paraguay. At that time, there won't be any exception more for Paraguayan products in MERCOSUR, and it's a must, for the sake of Paraguay, that the domestic debate of reforms concludes into successful process with no more delay nor hesitation. In this respect there are grounds for certain optimism as we can notice in the maquila sector, since some public and private sector have shown its determination to change the stagnant statu-quo, and to adapt the due framework to the needs of a better tomorrow. This work carefully documents the English translation of the agreement that gave life to MERCOSUR, also known as the Asuncion Treaty, in honor of the Paraguay's capital city where the historical and political decision took place.