It is felt by some historians that Joseph Smith was a product of his environment; that his teachings were the amplifications of religious doctrines surrounding his life experience in early America.Some writings which have been published show similarities between Joseph's "Mormonism" and contemporary religions.It should be rememebered, however, that if Joseph Smith's call, as restorer, were all that he professed it to be (and he was not alone in that profession), there would, indeed, exist paralleling truths surrounding his "restored" gospel. For, as Joseph tells us, the gospel was preached from the beginning. If that is true, we should then be able to find remnants of its existence throughout the world at practically any time and at any place that we might look. The purpose of this thesis, therefore, is to explain parallels, throughout the history of the world, to Joseph Smith's doctrines.

La version intégrale de cette thèse est disponible uniquement pour consultation individuelle à la Bibliothèque de musique de l’Université de Montréal (http://www.bib.umontreal.ca/MU). / Est-ce qu'il est possible d'organiser le discours musical acousmatique de la même manière que le cinéma structure les images animées? Telle est la question qui résume l'essentiel de mon projet de recherche: Du langage cinématographique à la musique acousmatique : Écritures et structures. À la suite d’une étude exhaustive des procédés d'écriture nécessaires à la réalisation d'une œuvre cinématographique, j'ai cherché à établir des relations d'équivalence avec chacune des étapes relatives à l'élaboration d'une œuvre électroacoustique. De la captation des sons au cours du tournage sonore en passant par les étapes de classification, de traitement, de mixage, de montage jusqu'à la diffusion en salle de l'œuvre achevée, chaque étape du lexique visuel offre des arrimages concrets et structurellement pertinents à la conception d'une œuvre musicale. Cette typologie des techniques communes de réalisation entre ces deux médias débouche sur une pratique réaliste et concrète puis permet le renouvèlement d'une démarche compositionnelle par l'ajout d'outils techniques et conceptuels. Les résultats de cette recherche se sont matérialisés sous la forme de trois œuvres acousmatiques. Chacune d'elles, par le contexte de leur genèse, explorent des paramètres spécifiques de cette grammaire initialement visuelle. / Is it possible to organize the electroacoustic musical form in the same way as the cinema structures its moving pictures? Such is the question which summarizes the main part of my project of research: Du langage cinématographique à la musique acousmatique : Écritures et structures (the film language in the acousmatic music: writings and structures). Further to an exhaustive study of the processes of the realization of a film work, I tried to establish relations of equivalences with each of the relative step to the elaboration of an electroacoustic work. Of recording of sounds by the "sound-shootings" by way of the classification, treatment, mixing, editing until the performance at the concert of the finished work, every stage of the visual lexicon offers concrete and structurally relevant stowages to the conception of a musical work. This typology of the common techniques of realization between these two similar medias in a realistic and concrete practice then allows trying something new in a composition musical approach by the addition of technical and abstract tools. The results of this research are realized by the composition of three electroacoustic works. Each of them, by the context of their genesis, investigate specific parameters of this initially visual grammar.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-19T11:49:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandoewerton2013.pdf: 3792977 bytes, checksum: a33cf39614d549ab77426deef3c9a404 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Relevance; Classification; Journalism; Politics; New agency; Knowledge organization / O objetivo desta tese é identificar critérios de relevância aplicados por agências de notícia transnacionais na representação de candidatos a presidente do Brasil e traçar paralelos com critérios adotados por usuários de sistemas de informação ao inferir relevância em processos de busca. Partimos da premissa teórica de que relevância é mensurável e adotamos o princípio metodológico de que uma maior freqüência lexical encontra-se hipoteticamente associada a um maior peso relativo e relevância conceituais dentro de um conjunto de termos , aplicando-o na análise de conteúdo de 305 textos de quatro agências de notícia transnacionais a francesa France Presse (AFP), a americana Associated Press (AP), a espanhola EFE e a britânica/canadense Reuters em duas eleições presidenciais brasileiras. Neste corpus, coletado via telex, em 1989, e na internet, em 2010, identificamos os tipos de termo usados pelas quatro agências em função adjetiva antes, depois e em substituição ao nome dos quatro principais candidatos em cada eleição, mapeamos os esquemas de classificação política de cada uma e comparamos os critérios de relevância aplicados nos dois momentos, em busca de regularidades e discrepâncias que corroborassem, ou não, a hipótese de que agências de notícia transnacionais recorrem a esquemas de classificação próprios baseados numa tipologia comum de termos, cuja frequência no corpus revela os critérios de relevância de cada uma. Com base nos resultados, concluímos que os critérios de relevância das agências pesquisadas são semelhantes em diversos aspectos aos critérios adotados por usuários de sistemas de informação ao inferirem relevância em processos de busca

This research aims to answer three questions: why do we study an ancient reception of a text, in the 21st century? Why do texts change their meanings throughout time? How does this occur in our case study, Marius’ life? The methodologic approach is based on Jauss’ hermeneutic; Gramsci’s cultural hegemony; László’s construction of cultural identity; Hardwick’s classical reception studies; Lausberg’s literary communities. Moreover, I propose to define cultural communities. These communities reuse texts according to their own perception (voluntarily or involuntarily). So, I have selected a corpus of authors, linked to Plutarch and Marius, that have been catalogued by different cultural groups. The results show that under the Antonine dynasty Marius’ existence is almost forgotten, but the moral message of Life is systematically reused. The 3rd century exalts the authoritarian Marius, according to the political program of the Severan dynasty and military emperors. The 4th and 5th centuries reused Marius’ life in two ways: Christians describe a bad man, while pagans portray a hero, because the former want to condemn, and the latter want to glorify Roman tradition. These results have already answered the third question, on how meanings change. They allow us to answer the second question: why? Because of the change of political aims. Finally, I can answer the first one: why is this important for us? Because contemporary cultural communities reuse classical texts in the same ways as the ancient ones. So, this analysis of the past can explain the present too.

This thesis interprets four of Schumann’s works in the light of the Hoffmann fictions with which they seem to be associated. Unlike previous studies, it deals with each of the four works, treating them as aesthetic entities enhanced by literary relationships that are not primarily programmatic, nor primarily a matter of formal parallels. Each work emerges both in a new light and as it always was. Carnaval (1834-37) appears as a dizzying comedy of theatrical vignettes and character, in the spirit of the German literary understanding of Italian carnival (including in Hoffmann), and Fantasiestücke (1837-38) as a humorous sequence of dream images, resonating with literary tales of the artist’s development, not least those in Hoffmann’s Fantasiestücke. Kreisleriana (1838), a finished masterpiece, suggests improvisations on melodic fragments appearing also in popular tunes used both in trivial variation sets and in Bach’s Goldberg Variations – which figure in Hoffmann’s Kreisleriana as opposed emblems of the philistine and the profound. Nachtstücke (1839-40) creates from plain rondos a paradoxically unsettled set, expressive of profound mental disturbances explored by Hoffmann’s book of that name. I bring out in each work previously unexamined patterns of melody, tonality, metre, sonority and form, showing how these become threads expressive of drama, emotion or symbolism. Unusually, I do not take Schumann’s approach over the 1830s as static: increasingly powerful musical means gave the music greater independence from supporting words, and what Schumann called ‘poetic’ threads increasingly coincide with core musical processes. Equally unusually, I describe those processes as resonating simultaneously with Schumann’s titles, with his culture including Hoffmann, and with his concerns around the time of composition as documented in his letters, criticism, diaries and Mottosammlung. Unlike previous work the thesis treats its subject consistently at three levels. My approach to the interpretation of the individual works at the first level is consonant with Schumann’s aesthetics as described at the second: there I focus more sharply than previous treatments on his stated view that musical works can ‘express’ ‘remote interests’ including literature, and on how he thought that possible – points that, given sensitivity to contemporary connotations and to context, emerge from his writings. Finally, at a third level, I reflect on the approach in the light of strands of musicological and intellectual thought in Schumann’s day and since.

The diploma thesis is focused on pupils attending 4th and 5th grade in primary school. These children are observed for their knowledge of perpendicularity and parallelism and their ability to use it in practice. The theoretical part describes two geometrical terms - perpendicularity and parallelism. Other chapters describe different theories of learning, the process of knowledge construction and also the stages of language development in geometry. Furthermore the thesis explores the topic in state curriculum documents. The geometrical terms and their occurance, frequency and preparative tasks are searched in different textbooks. The practical part includes experiments based on qualitative research. The survey is conducted through a worksheet with different types of tasks which were chosen to test the participants' knowledge of above-mentioned terms. These experiments were recorded and analyzed by means of phenomena that appeared. The phenomena allowed me to answer the questions that were posed in the beginning of the research. Key words: perpendicularity, parallelism, preparative tasks, depth of knowledge, experiment

An African Perspective on Poverty Proverbs in the Book of Proverbs: An Analysis for Transformational Possibilities. This thesis contributes to the emerging global scholarly discussion on prioritising the practical relevance of biblical interpretation, particularly in Africa. Taking poverty as a case study, this thesis employs the notion of the popular social origin of proverbs to critically analyse the subject in the Book of Proverbs. A social anthropological approach, historical-critical methods, rhetorical criticism and contextual exegesis are used to analyse proverbs regarding the poor in the Book of Proverbs and African proverbial material. On one hand, the investigation reveals that many Western scholars take their cue from the `official' social context of the Book of Proverbs. However, the impact of an unconscious subjectivity owing to the Western secularising influence on their studies into poverty has posited a conservative status quo in the way the Book of Proverbs addresses it. On the other hand, an investigation of similar traditional African proverbial material on the poor reveals a holistic transformative possibility. Its life-centred dynamism is located in an integrative worldview that comprises mutual assistance, collective responsibility, family, community, social, political, religious and economic networks as one whole. Because cultural parallels exist between the society of ancient Israel and traditional African societies, the thesis argues the use of the African proverbial performance context in the interpretation of proverbs concerning the poor in the Book of Proverbs. The result of such cross-cultural application highlights the possible transformative social, economic, political and religious supportive networks essential to a viable and sustainable holistic development of society. Consequently, such a holistic approach to poverty may enable Bible readers to make meaning and empower the will of African Christians to rise practically to the challenge of poverty eradication in all spheres of their lives. A caution also to the universal church is to be found in the fact that the Book of Proverbs made an essential contribution to the transformation of the social, economic, political and religious life of Israel. Approaching the Book of Proverbs in terms of a popular context is a fact that can no longer be simply ignored. / Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies / D.Th.

An African Perspective on Poverty Proverbs in the Book of Proverbs: An Analysis for Transformational Possibilities. This thesis contributes to the emerging global scholarly discussion on prioritising the practical relevance of biblical interpretation, particularly in Africa. Taking poverty as a case study, this thesis employs the notion of the popular social origin of proverbs to critically analyse the subject in the Book of Proverbs. A social anthropological approach, historical-critical methods, rhetorical criticism and contextual exegesis are used to analyse proverbs regarding the poor in the Book of Proverbs and African proverbial material. On one hand, the investigation reveals that many Western scholars take their cue from the `official' social context of the Book of Proverbs. However, the impact of an unconscious subjectivity owing to the Western secularising influence on their studies into poverty has posited a conservative status quo in the way the Book of Proverbs addresses it. On the other hand, an investigation of similar traditional African proverbial material on the poor reveals a holistic transformative possibility. Its life-centred dynamism is located in an integrative worldview that comprises mutual assistance, collective responsibility, family, community, social, political, religious and economic networks as one whole. Because cultural parallels exist between the society of ancient Israel and traditional African societies, the thesis argues the use of the African proverbial performance context in the interpretation of proverbs concerning the poor in the Book of Proverbs. The result of such cross-cultural application highlights the possible transformative social, economic, political and religious supportive networks essential to a viable and sustainable holistic development of society. Consequently, such a holistic approach to poverty may enable Bible readers to make meaning and empower the will of African Christians to rise practically to the challenge of poverty eradication in all spheres of their lives. A caution also to the universal church is to be found in the fact that the Book of Proverbs made an essential contribution to the transformation of the social, economic, political and religious life of Israel. Approaching the Book of Proverbs in terms of a popular context is a fact that can no longer be simply ignored. / Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies / D.Th.