Urban development would be halted with the over-concerned of material life, the rising unemployment, the increase in crime rate, the deterioration of living standards, the decrease in population, the deficiency of tax revenue, and the difficulty of industrial change. The sustainable development of a city would be also endangered. Urban development world not move. The sustainable development of a city would be also endangered. To successfully deal with these problems and gain the new-vitality for the city, besides the renovation of hardware and facilities, soliciting investment, upgrading industry, and reorganization of urban appearance all are very significant strategies for the city to survive and thrive. However, to a city, it is necessary to introduce innovations in the way that sustainable development is done. The application of the theory and concept of urban marketing is a revolution of the concept of urban management. Marketing is originally the part of business in which is concerned with the way in which a product is sold. The application of marketing techniques to urban development would cover a wider range of city selling. It helps to revive vitality of cities through the marketing management of urban tangible and intangible value. Generally speaking, with the increase in vitality of industry and the rival of the economy, urban can become active again. However, these are only rigid developments. To guarantee the sustainable development for a city, it is necessary to propagate the idea of marketing, and build up the culture of citizens. It has been over twenty years since the reformation and liberalization in Mainland China. Indeed, the reformation and liberalization has resulted in a vivid progression for the whole country, especially in the economical achievement of the alongshore cities. It is something like a huge magnet, attracting capital from all over the world. The investments of Taiwan merchants in Mainland China have been seen one after another. Even so, in Chinese, there is still not enough systematic research of urban marketing done by the government or the academic system. Furthermore, the economical and trading development discussed in China has always been more concentrated on the southern part than on the northern part of China. In fact, the role of economical power of the district around Po-Sea has been significant during modern history of China. From local economical point of view, Dalian is the most important city in the area of northern China. The pattern of its development is different from those of other alongshore cities in the southern China where the economy and society system has been reformed and liberalized. The leader of the city government possesses very clear rules for administration. The characteristic of infrastructure of the city, plus achievements of various soliciting investment, has possessed the basic elements of urban marketing. According to the result of checking the strategy and policy of Dalian urban marketing by using theory of strategic planning and measuring the actual achievement of its urban marketing by the method of Delphi, it is discovered that Dalian¡¦s urban marketing strategy¡Ð¡¨not for the biggest but for the best¡¨, is very accurate. It has become the common value of the residents regarding their city; therefore, both of the defining urban appearance and the international costume festival can be accepted by the public. People also highly accept the role of Dalian as a harbor city. Nevertheless, the city government has no way to satisfy what people need about this point. Another important point discovered in this research is that the culture deficiency has a negative effect on the city development, although Dalian obtained very significant achievement in soliciting investment and upgrading industry. It is an obvious problem that Dalian is much more concentrated on economy and less on cultural development during the process of urban construction. To solve the problem of urban development not moving, Kotler, the mastic of marketing, proposes the theory of urban marketing, which has been proven work well in many European countries. But it is the first time to examine Mainland China¡¦s urban development by using urban marketing theory. Based on the theory and real case study, it has been proven that the reorganization and development of economy can reduce the barrier of the different political system. Furthermore, it also riches and strengthens in contents of Kotler¡¦s urban marketing theory.

As the business environment become more uncertain, many organizations look for ways to gain competitive advantage. Outsourcing has thus become one of the effective ways for them to become flexible and more high-performance organizations through outside experts partner to raise employee¡¦s performance to the level necessary for achieving business goals. The purpose of this research is to study the issue of training outsourcing, to forecast the factors that affect the decision to outsourcing and to examine how partnership, knowledge sharing, institutional and human resource management issues are involved in training outsourcing. In addition, this research also shows interests in the role and competence of human resource development. Using a samples form the member which was published by CPC in 2001. We test a set of hypotheses among the variables. The results show that small and medium growing companies have higher training needs in the human resource area. Additionally, using logistic regression we shows that firm size, capital intensity and foreign business are the most significant impact factors for the decision of training outsourcing. Furthermore, the impact of outsourcing decision in the future is then examined. Results indicated that time pressure, the roles of program designers and marketer, and the competencies of understanding related law, diagnose organization needs skills, control skill, communicate skill and plan to implement project skill are key predictor of outsourcing decision. Finally, the result of the regression analyses shows that partnership, knowledge sharing and institutionalization have significantly direct effect on outsourcing performance. Human resource management plays a significant and negotiation role to moderate the relationship with institutionalization and knowledge sharing and this relationship influences firm¡¦s performance.

In 2002, Financial Holding Company Act was executed in Taiwan. In order to provide customers with ¡§one stop shopping¡¨, the act allows financial holding companies to own subsidiaries in different financial areas like banking, life insurance, property insurance and securities. However, to those groups who do not have the above subsidiaries, they meet changes and challenges of a new business condition. The saturation of whole life insurance policies and the decrease of interest rate result in the increase of the insurance premium. In this way, traditional insurance service stops improving. Under such pressure, those non-financial holding insurance companies manage to form strategic partnership with banks to develop bank-assurance market and expand marketing channels and by time achieve the goal of achievement development and stable management. This thesis aims to explore ¡§the operating mode and achievements appraisal of the strategic partnership between insurance industry and banking.¡¨ Because the bank-assurance market of Taiwan has just started, there are no numbers to assess the achievement appraisal. As a result, the thesis discusses the achievement of strategic partnership between insurance companies and banks by interviewing the managers. The research bases on literature review and question design and evaluates the achievement of strategic partnership by examining the motives of launching a strategic partnership, the conditions of choosing a partner and the interaction between both sides. The outcome of research shows, in the process to form strategic partnership, it is the insurance company¡¦s fame and reward system that determine if the insurance company is able to get into the banking system. The more the executives trust each other, the more possible they can co-operate. In the strategic partnership, both sides share resources, which is why bank-assurance expands. The chief aim of strategic partnership is to create profits, then the achievement income. The research also shows that old banks and new banks have different conditions for the strategic partnership. The insurance companies have come up with different strategies regarding their own management and the need of their partner banks. In this way, they can have long-lasting and stable management in bank-assurance.

In recent years, it has been increasingly become a global trend that public construction projects are carried out through private sector investment, and business management concepts are introduced for the improvement of public service quality. Due to various factors such as quality and revenue, private sectors increasingly play an active and important role in various phases of major public construction works, from building to operation, and government has the need to incorporate the strength of private sectors to facilitate and promote the construction of major national infrastructures. Among various models of private sectors¡¦ participation in public constructions, build-operate-transfer (BOT) is the most commonly adopted business model. However, in the process of promoting major BOT cases, the government had suffers some drawbacks of abuses of power and privilege, and thereby receiving much criticism from general public, and it also has serious negative impact on the integrity of the government. The case of abuses in the government that drew the most criticisms and raised controversies was the Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) case, where as it transpired had repeatedly drawn much attention from the media and the society at large. Therefore, the ETC case is chosen as the subject of the current study. This study is focused on the related rulings of the ETC case by Taipei High Administrative Court and the Supreme Administrative Court, and the related issues of the court¡¦s rulings on the ETC case are investigated and discussed, to clarify the nature and characteristics of BOT and related legal issues. Thus, the related rulings of the ETC case can be used as a lesson learned for future participation of private sectors in public constructions. This study was carried out by literature search, case studies, and collection of public opinions, and as a result the following recommendations were made: 1. Legislative Perspectives: (1) Incorporate international experiences and amend existing legislations to gear to international conventions. (2) Establish rules of judgments for administrative sectors to avoid any abuse or impediment of administrative power. 2. Institutional Perspectives: (1) Expand and encourage participations from all parties, including people¡¦s representatives and third parties. (2) Realize managerial and operational mechanisms. (3) Emphasize consumer¡¦s rights and public interests. (4) Carry out feasibility assessment and advance planning with great care. (5) Establish fair and open evaluation process and operation procedure. (6)Assign reasonable risk-sharing responsibilities for special permission contracts.

Water resource issues continue to be a central focus of natural resource policy, due to the increasing pressures on water resources and the complex nature of water systems. There has been significant advancement in the recognition that water system health is dependent upon human activities and social understanding of the resource. This awareness has prompted the arrival of institutions that are concerned with helping society understand and support water resource improvement. Often referred to as watershed partnerships, these institutions typically function as collaborative bodies that highlight cooperation and water resource education. As resource pressures increase, so do the demands on these partnerships to produce tangible watershed improvement results. Assessments of watershed partnerships have therefore been developed to evaluate their work and results. The mainstream watershed partnership assessments have been criticized for their inability to capture partnership characteristics that lead to lasting watershed recovery and typically provide little insight for how these partnerships can improve. The need for partnership assessments that speak to these criticisms is becoming ever more imperative as we continue to confront modern water resource issues. This research focuses on the creation of an assessment tool that addresses these criticisms of conventional watershed assessments. The goals of this research were to 1) consult the literature concerned with partnership characteristics that lead to lasting watershed recovery, or sustainable water vi management 2) develop an assessment tool, based on the dominant themes found in the sustainable water management literature, and 3) test the tool on a mature local watershed partnership for future revision. The assessment tool that resulted from this research consists of two items: 1) a self-assessment survey concerned with structural and process elements of a partnership that lead to lasting watershed efforts, and 2) a survey guide that assists watershed management practitioners in understanding survey relevance and exploring their own structures and processes for improvement. These products were then tested and reviewed, which resulted in survey and survey guide revisions, and ultimately a practical and useful watershed partnership assessment tool.

Zugl.: Erlangen, Nürnberg, Univ., Diss., 2007

Thesis (doctoral)--Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [282]-297) and index.

Zugl.: Oestrich-Winkel, Europ. Business School, Diss., 2008

Zugl.: Giessen, Univ., Diss., 2007

Diss. Uppsala : Univ., 2004.