The goal of diploma work is to describe current state of volunteering within social rehabilitation in the facilities providing social services in the town of Benešov and the surrounding area. Partial aim of diploma work is to find out the positive effects of the project Patron which was included in the work as an example of application of volunteering within social. With regards of the above mentioned goals, two research questions were set. 1. How is volunteering within social rehabilitation being used in organisations providing social services? 2. What are the positive effects of project Patron? Quantitative strategy, questioning method, the technique of managed and semi managed interview were used for research. Set research questions were answered by means of three research sets, where the technique of semi managed interview was used and one research subject, where the technique of managed interview was used. To ascertain the first research question a research set comprising of 10 social workers employed in facilities providing social services in the town of Benešov or the surrounding area was determined. Given criteria for taking part in the research was the length of employment of social workers being more than on year in their profession. The range of questions for the first research set was prepared for the case when the facility was using the help of volunteers and not. After gaining the necessary data, interviews were rewritten and evaluated with the help of open coding process when all the data was clearly organized into each category. Results arising from data gained in the first research set show that all facilities, where the informants work, providing social services apply social rehabilitation. The research further shows that 7 out of 10 facilities for social services use volunteers who participate on social rehabilitation of their clients and they are in the direct contact with clients. Volunteers, according to gained results, work with clients individually and in groups. 5 of the facilities using the help of volunteers are considering the expansion of volunteering and thinking about other areas where they could include the work of volunteers. One of the facilities which does not use volunteers is preparing for including volunteers in their work. Second research question of diploma work was researched by the means of third research sets and one research subject. The second set comprised of 5 boys who live in children's home near the town of Benešov and who are the clients of project Patron. The third research sets comprised of 5 men who volunteer for the project Patron. To complete information about project Patron and interview with a research subject representing the manager of project Patron was made. To gain necessary data the interviews were rewritten and then evaluated. Data gained from the second and third research sets were evaluated with the help of open coding process when all the data was clearly organized into each category Information gained from research subject was based on the research technique interpreted with the help of interview transcription. Data obtained from research sets show that clients and volunteers of project Patron get to know each other during common weekends. Volunteers meet the clients approximately once or twice a month to take part in their favourite activities and to talk. The research further shows volunteers and clients have good relationships based on trust. Based on answers from all informants we can without doubt claim that project Patron has very big positive effect. Clients of the project state they are glad they gained a new adult friend because in the children's home they lack male role models. Volunteers see the positive effect of project Patron in the possibility to help boys from children's home to get to know the world with the help of adult male.

published_or_final_version / Politics and Public Administration / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

(POO) est l’utilisation de patrons de conception (PC). Un PC est un arrangement caractéristique de classes permettant d’offrir une solution éprouvée, tout en obtenant un code réutilisable et compréhensible. Plusieurs PC sont définis, dont 24 par la GoF [12] et plusieurs autres sont apparus par la suite. Le concept de PC est abstrait ce qui peut amener différentes interprétations. Ces différences peuvent aussi causer une mauvaise implémentation qui peut réduire les avantages d’utiliser ce patron. Ce projet consiste à concevoir un outil facilitant l’utilisation des PC. L’outil Génération et Restructuration de Patrons de Conception(GRPC) permet la génération automatique du squelette d’un patron de conception ainsi que la restructuration d’un code en le transformant structure respectant un PC. La génération et la restructuration automatique permettent d’obtenir un code uniforme et de qualité tout en respectant le patron de conception. La compréhension et la maintenance du code sont ainsi améliorées. GRPC est module d’extension pour l’environnement de développement Eclipse écrit en Java. Le code est conçu pour être facilement compréhensible et extensible. Les deux principaux objectifs de GRPC sont de restructurer (refactoring) une section de code vers l’architecture d’un patron de conception et de générer des squelettes de patrons de conception. Une interface graphique permet de guider l’utilisateur et d’aller chercher toutes les informations importantes pour le fonctionnement du logiciel. Elle permet aussi de configurer les éléments du patron de conception. Pour s’assurer de la possibilité d’effectuer une restructuration, chaque patron est associé avec une ou plusieurs règles qui analysent le code pour détecter la présence d’une structure particulière. Des procédures aident les développeurs à ajouter de nouveaux PC dans GRPC. GRPC fournit des fonctionnalités permettant d’implémenter quelques patrons de conception de la POO définis dans le livre Design Patterns : Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software.

I dagsläget finns det ett antal tekniska lösningar på hur man kan lagra ett störreantal patroner i ett magasin. Ser man till patroner av typen .22 Long Rifle, somär världen mest sålda typ av patron, finns det inga perfekta lösningar. De ärgenerellt osmidiga och tar upp stor volym. Ett av problemen är patronens form,där en bakre kant försvårar lagring av en större mängd patroner.I detta projekt har en ny modell av ett magasin tagit form. Genom en idé baseradpå ett tidigare patent, formades ett magasin med en kapacitet att lagra över 50patroner inom en begränsad volym. Idén är en vridningsmekanisk som vriderpatronerna varannan gång åt motsatt håll, vilket gör att de kan lagras effektivtutan att patronens bakkant påverkar något. Lagringen sker i en ränna formadsom en spiral vilket sparar mycket volym. Allt innesluts i ett starkt hölje som bärupp parterna och som sluts med bultar och muttrar.Målet för denna produktutveckling har varit att ta fram 3D-modeller i ett CADprogramgenom ett grundkoncept, detta för att sedan ha möjligheten attanalysera och modifiera dem. Resultatet av detta har blivit en 3D-modell somskickats till en tillverkare som tagit fram en första prototyp. Förhoppningen är atten bra grund har lagts för vidare analys och utvärdering som leder utvecklingframåt mot en storsäljare inom sportskytte.

This dissertation seeks to understand the distributive strategies of local politicians in India, a context in which a robust secret ballot is in place and villagers have information on the allocation of selective state benefits due to the high information context of village politics. Specifically, it seeks answers to three questions. Can local politicians in India identity voters' partisan preferences, which is a critical assumption of theory on clientelism in comparative politics? Does a context in which citizens have a great deal of information on the beneficiaries of programs implemented by local governments and villagers and politicians are personally tied to one another pose constraints on targeting strategies relative to work on clientelism, elite capture, and citizen candidate models that predict co ethnic targeting preferences? And do voters perceive that co partisanship vis a vis sarpanch affects their access to selective state benefits and services? To address these questions, I draw on a unique original survey of village council presidents (sarpanch) and citizens across 96 village council areas (gram panchayats) in Rajasthan, India. First, I argue that under a secret ballot, which voters overwhelmingly believe to protect the anonymity of their votes, the clientelistic logic that supports quid pro quo distributive politics does not hold. This has powerful implications for the role we should understand local leaders (who perform brokerage functions) to serve and whom we should expect sarpanch to target with antipoverty benefits implemented through the gram panchayat. I argue that if local politicians cannot identify the partisan preferences of uncertain voters, we should expect local politicians to target benefits in order to maintain their political constituencies, rather than pursuing a vote buying strategy to attract new supporters through a quid pro quo strategy. Second, I argue that the social and political context of the gram panchayat severely constrains sarpanch targeting behavior. In a context in which sarpanch and voters know each other and the latter can directly (or by rumor) observe who received visible and coveted selective benefits, and in which sarpanch and their kin are very likely to live in their village permanently, there is a powerful social cost to providing benefits to the non poor. At the same time, citizens accept that local elections have consequences, which means that some favoritism toward supporters, but not kinship or ethnic lines, is tolerated as long as the pro poor targeting norm is heeded. Finally, I check the validity of my argument on sarpanch distributive strategies by testing for the effect of co partisanship on voters' expectations of receiving selective benefits using a vignette experiment. I randomize partisan cues (Congress or BJP) based on prominent politicians identified by respondents themselves and find support for the claim that partisanship broadly affects access to state benefits. Empirically, I draw on a unique survey of sarpanch and voters across rural Rajasthan. The survey includes two behavioral measures that cross-reference voters within sarpanch surveys. I ask sarpanch to guess sampled voters' partisan preferences and ask them to allocate tokens across these individuals to affect a lottery with a cash prize. I also embed a survey experiment within the voter survey.

acase@tulane.edu

Diss.--Fachbereich Geschichtswissenschaft--Mainz--Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 1992. / Bibliogr. p. 341-362. Index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Catholic University of America, 1984.

Texte remanié de: Thèse--Histoire, 1987. / Bibliogr. p. 571-596. Index.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Jerusalem--Hebrew university, 1994. Titre de soutenance : Petitio-elections, canvassing and the functioning of electoral assemblies in the late roman republic. / Bibliogr. p. 235-246. Index.