On peut distinguer deux formes à la spontanéité, la spontanéité autonome – le geste trouve son origine dans l’intériorité du sujet indépendamment des influences extérieures –, et la spontanéité hétéronome – forme de réaction, de laisser-aller, aux variations du milieu ambiant. La première est celle des danseurs « du mandala », tel que Carl Gustav JUNG a pu les observer, qui agissent involontairement en prise avec une grandeur intérieure. La seconde est celle des danseurs contemporains tels que les pratiquants de la danse Contact Improvisation de PAXTON, ou encore des danseurs de buto. Ces deux types de spontanéité renvoient à deux paradigmes scientifiques différents. Alors que PAXTON fonde explicitement sa pratique sur les lois de NEWTON, conçoit les rapports que l'individu entretient avec son environnement comme des interactions mécaniques, JUNG et Wolfgang PAULI pensent la relation de l'homme avec son environnement non seulement à travers la sensibilité et la causalité, mais aussi à travers un lien a-causal qu'est la psyché. Cette conception de JUNG et de PAULI se fonde sur les découvertes en physique quantique, principalement sur le concept de complémentarité de Niels BOHR Nous proposons ensuite une approche phénoménologique de cette danse grâce à laquelle nous dégageons une structure psychophysique inconsciente. Cette structure comporte trois plans du vécu psychophysique (individuel et collectif), emboîtés les uns dans les autres, que nous avons nommés : central, primaire et secondaire. Leur déploiement correspond à trois étapes de différenciation du non-moi au moi, ou si l'on préfère du on au je – architecture psychophysique qui fait écho à la structure métaphysique de PLOTIN. / A distinction can be made between two forms of spontaneity, i.e. the autonomous spontaneity – the gesture originates from the interiority of the subject, regardless of external influences-, and the heteronomous spontaneity – a kind of reaction, of letting go according to environmental changes. The first is the one of the dancers “of the mandala”, as observed by Carl Gustav Jung, who act unwillingly, caught up by an inner greatness. The second is the one of contemporary dancers, such as those practicing PAXTON’s Contact Improvisation, or as Buto dancers. Those two types of spontaneity refer to two different scientific paradigms. Whereas PAXTON explicitly bases his practice on Newton’s laws and conceives the relations of an individual with his/her environment as mechanical interactions, Jung and Wolfgang Pauli think the relation of men and their environment not only through sensitivity and causality, but also through the acausal link of psyche. JUNG and PAULI’s view is grounded on discoveries in particular physics, mainly on Niels BOHR’s concept of complementarity. We then propose a phenomenological approach of this dance, from which we identify an unconscious structure of movement. This structure includes three planes of psychophysical experience (individual and collective), which are nested in each other, that we call: central, primary and secondary.Their deployment correspond to three stages of the differentiation of the self and the non-self, or, one might prefer to say, of the we and the I – the psychophysics architecture that echoes PLOTINUS’ metaphysic structure.

This thesis encloses quantum chemical calculations performed in the framework of density functional response theory for evaluating electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin Hamiltonian parameters of various spin-labels in different environments. These parameters are the well known electronic g-tensor and the nitrogen hyperfine coupling constants, which are extensively explored in this work for various systems. A special attention was devoted to the relationships that form between the structural and spectroscopic properties that can be accounted for as an environmental inuence. Such environmental effects were addressed either within a fully quantum mechanical formalism, involving simplified model structures that still capture the physical properties of the extended system, or by employing a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach. The latter implies that the nitroxide spin label is treated quantum mechanically, while the environment is treated in a classical discrete manner, with appropriate force fields employed for its description. The state-of- the art techniques employed in this work allow for an optimum accounting of the environmental effects that play an important role for the behaviour of EPR properties of nitroxides spin labels. One achievement presented in this thesis includes the first theoretical con_rmation of an empirical assumption that is usually made for inter-molecular distance measurement experiments in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), involving pulsed electron-electron double resonance (PELDOR) and site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) techniques. This refers to the fact that the EPR parameters of the spin-labels are not affected by their interaction with the nucleobases from which DNA is constituted. Another important result presented deals with the inuence of a supramolecular complex on the EPR properties of an encapsulated nitroxide spin-label. The enclusion complex affects the hydrogen bonding topology that forms around the R2NO moiety of the nitroxide. This, on the other hand has a major impact on its structure which further on governs the magnitude of the spectroscopic properties. The projects and results presented in this thesis offer an example of successful usage of modern quantum chemistry techniques for the investigation of EPR parameters of spin-labels in complex systems. / <p>QC 20130318</p>

Diss. Univ. Münster, 2007/08. / Literaturverz.: S. [345]-364.

U6Fe has the highest superconducting transition temperature TSC ~ 4 K out of all of the U-based compounds. Unusually, the Pauli limit (1:84TSC = 7:36 T) is less than the observed critical field for both the a and c axes in this tetragonal material. Neither Pauli or usual BCS orbital limit is apparently respected. In order to explain why superconductivity exceeds the Pauli limit, it must be considered that either the superconducting state is unaffected by paramagnetic effects, or there is a large amount of spin-orbit scattering. Superconductivity is in the dirty limit for typical samples of U6Fe, which means that the latter cannot be precluded. Another unusual property of the superconducting state of U6Fe is that TSC has a positive dependence on the applied pressure P, for P < 4 kbar. This combined with other subtle signals in various measurements have led to the suggestion that a Charge Density Wave (CDW) state may exist in U6Fe below 110 K. The CDW state is typically favoured by materials with low-dimensional structural features such as chains of atoms. Such materials, if superconductors, are also candidates to exhibit the sought-after Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state, an unusual state in which the superconducting order parameter is modulated in real space. The FFLO is expected to be suppressed except in clean, Pauli limited materials. Therefore if U6Fe can be produced at high enough quality to bring the superconducting state into the clean limit, it would be a potential candidate for an FFLO state. Part of this project discusses apparatus and techniques applied with the goal of producing such quality samples of U6Fe. We have succeeded in the application of the Solid State Electrotransport (SSE) method to purifying samples, and have been able to replicate the highest Residual Resistivity Ratios (RRRs) achieved (~9, compared to 4 for typical samples), but for single crystals instead of the polycrystals produced in the past. In parallel with the progress made towards higher quality samples of U6Fe, a new X-ray scanner has been developed for grain mapping of samples. This has found application in the course of our synthesis studies. The best quality samples have been studied by X-ray diffraction on the XMaS beamline at the ESRF in Grenoble, France. Below TCDW ~ 10 K, satellites at (δH; δK; 0) = (±0:11;±0:11; 0) were observed that confirm a CDW state, albeit at much lower temperatures than anticipated. By examination of systematic satellite absences we have determined that the displacement vector → u is perpendicular to the modulation direction in k-space. Additionally it has been found that the symmetry of the lattice below TCDW is reduced from that of the room temperature I4=mcm structure. The appearance of additional Bragg peaks below ~110 K during these experiments were later cast into doubt by multiple scattering. We have, however, detected a signal in the form of a jump at ~110 K in specific heat measurements of our samples. These measurements also show a kink near to TCDW. We have additionally extended the investigation of the effect of pressure on the superconducting state. The maximum of TSC is confirmed in our samples, and the subsequent suppression of TSC and Hc2 is investigated up to 8 GPa. We have analysed our Hc2(T) curves at different pressures under a simple two-band model that fits the observed trends well and suggest that at the highest pressures U6Fe is approaching even more unusually enhanced Hc2 values.

<p> In second order perturbation theory for nuclear matter, an exact treatment of the Pauli exclusion principle is given from a geometrical point of view. All the kinematic effects of the Pauli exclusion principle are then included in a function K(k,k',q), which is related to the Euler's function through a double integration. With this function K(k,k',q), we can treat the Pauli correction in nuclear matter in a more exact way so that a check to the conventional angular average approximation is obtained. For separable core nuclear potential, this function K(k,k',q) serves as a very convenient apparatus for the perturbation calculation of the binding energy in nuclear matter.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

No description available.

Cette thèse a pour première vocation d'être un état de l'art sur le calcul quantique, sinon exhaustif, simple d'accès (chapitres 1, 2 et 3). La partie originale de cet essai consiste en deux approches mathématiques du calcul quantique concernant quelques systèmes quantiques : la première est de nature algébrique et fait intervenir des structures particulières : les corps et les anneaux de Galois (chapitre 4), la deuxième fait appel à la géométrie dite projective (chapitre 5). Cette étude a été motivée par le théorème de Kochen et Specker et par les travaux de Peres et Mermin qui en ont découlé

<p>The aim of this essay is to examine the relationship between picture and room, between wallpainting and architecture. The basis for such exploration is the mural painting in Sweden at the turn of the 20th century, and the artist in focus is Prince Eugen (1865-1947).</p><p>His works "Sommar"(1904), "Rimfrosr"(1909) & "Staden vid vattnet"(1922) and the rooms in which they are in make for an anlysis concerning how the totality of the space is experienced by the viewer.</p><p>The main issue in mentioned expeience is how the mural is perceived with regard to the other elements in the room. And here, the walls' "flatness" enhancing its decorative qualities plays in. The problem with a mural built on the principles of perspective becomes evident when a wall is seen to vanish through the painting of an illusion on it.</p>

The aim of this essay is to examine the relationship between picture and room, between wallpainting and architecture. The basis for such exploration is the mural painting in Sweden at the turn of the 20th century, and the artist in focus is Prince Eugen (1865-1947). His works "Sommar"(1904), "Rimfrosr"(1909) &amp; "Staden vid vattnet"(1922) and the rooms in which they are in make for an anlysis concerning how the totality of the space is experienced by the viewer. The main issue in mentioned expeience is how the mural is perceived with regard to the other elements in the room. And here, the walls' "flatness" enhancing its decorative qualities plays in. The problem with a mural built on the principles of perspective becomes evident when a wall is seen to vanish through the painting of an illusion on it.

Submitted by CARLOS HUGO CORONADO VILLALOBOS (c_h_c_v_22@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-03T19:43:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-Doutorado-final.pdf: 867658 bytes, checksum: bf510d7b44f1aa75cd8f00c2a6dbc943 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-04-11T20:35:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 coronadovillalobos_ch_dr_guara.pdf: 867658 bytes, checksum: bf510d7b44f1aa75cd8f00c2a6dbc943 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T20:35:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 coronadovillalobos_ch_dr_guara.pdf: 867658 bytes, checksum: bf510d7b44f1aa75cd8f00c2a6dbc943 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Na presente tese abordaremos quatro tópicos importantes: espinores, covariantes bilineares, classificação de Lounesto e o teorema da inversão. Apresentamos a construção de covariantes bilineares para o espinor Elko e mostraremos a necessidade da deformação dos elementos da base da álgebra de Clifford com a finalidade de que as identidades de Fierz-Pauli-Kofink sejam satisfeitas. Estudamos também os ingredientes principais da classificação de espinores elaborada por Lounesto. Por último, construiremos três novas classes de espinores via o teorema da inversão a partir da premissa que o covariante bilinear $J_{\mu}$ seja nulo. Como consequência desta consideração esses novos espinores não possuem a dinâmica de Dirac, haja visto que $J_{\mu}$ na teoria de Dirac representa a corrente conservada. O surgimento de apenas três novas classes de espinores é uma consequência direta da imposição de que as identidades de Fierz-Pauli-Kofink sejam satisfeitas. / The present thesis covers four important topics: spinors, bilinear covariants, Lounesto's classification and the inversion theorem. We show and explicit the construction of bilinear covariants for the Elko spinors and the necessity of deformation of the Clifford algebra basis elements in order to satisfy the Fierz-Pauli-Kofink identities. We also study the main ingredients of the classification of spinors elaborated by Lounesto. Finally, we construct three new classes of spinors via the inversion theorem from the premise that the bilinear covariant $J_{\mu}$ is null. As a consequence, these new spinors do not have usual dynamics of Dirac, have seen that $J_{\mu}$ in Dirac's theory represents the conserved current. The emergence of only three new classes of spinors is a direct consequence of the requeriment that Fierz-Pauli-Kofink's identities must hold.