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Systém interních sběrnic pro čipy s technologií FPGA / System of Internal Buses for Chips with FPGA TechnologyMálek, Tomáš January 2008 (has links)
This thesis deals with design and implementation of interconnection bus system for chips with FPGA technology. The system ensures both communication between internal components on a chip and their communication with other computer elements which are mapped to the host system memory. The buses are high-speed, full duplex and packet-oriented and their architecture is based on tree topology. The data width is configurable, individually for every bus part. Due to this feature, it is possible to build uniform hierarchical system of internal buses with different speed that interconnects differently fast components. Proposed interconnection system was implemented in VHDL language and it is utilized in the Liberouter project which is the part of CESNET research intention Programable Hardware.
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TELEMETRY ACQUISITION BOARD INCLUDING REED-SOLOMON FPGA DECODER FOR SPACE APPLICATIONSLassère, François, Ferréol, Max, Rocher, Jean-Pierre 10 1900 (has links)
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / In order to reduce the ground segment equipment cost for small space missions, the French
national space center (CNES) had the need to develop a CCSDS down-link interface board
for low telemetry rates (< 1.5 Mb/s).
This board performs frame synchronization and Reed-Solomon decoding.
An important part of this design was the Reed-Solomon decoder development. In order to
maintain low recurrent cost for this board, this decoder was realized in FPGA technology.
Reed-Solomon decoding function, interleaving function (from 1 to 5) and virtual fill
management are included in the same component. All set-up parameters are software
programmable via the PCI bus, data and status are also available via the PCI bus under
windows NT operating system.
This paper presents the main features of this board and an overview of the Reed-Solomon
decoder development.
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EEG responses to shamanic drumming. Does suggestion of trance state mediate the strength of frequency components?Konopacki, Mateusz January 2016 (has links)
One of the techniques used to induce trance state in shamanic ceremonies is monotonous drumming. According to previous EEG research, certain patterns of drumming cause an increase in power of alpha and theta frequencies of the listener. Present study aimed to determine, if suggestion to experience trance state could increase the relative alpha and theta amplitude and the intensity of experienced state. A group of twenty-four subjects participated in the study. Suggestion to experience trance state decreased alpha frequency power during the drumming condition. No other significant effects of suggestion or drumming were found.
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Patienters upplevelser i samband med att genomgå en perkutan koronar intervention (PCI) : En litteraturstudieAndersson, Anna, Edin, Sofia January 2016 (has links)
Att drabbas av sjukdom kan ses som en krävande process, en förändring i livet som kan påverka hälsan. En akut hjärtinfarkt kan vara en traumatisk upplevelse som kräver direkt vård. Perkutan koronar intervention (PCI), som allmänt kallas ballongvidgning ges för att återställa den bristande blodcirkulationen. PCI sker vanligtvis vid akuta hjärt- och kärltillstånd eller som planerad åtgärd om besvär funnits en längre tid. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva patienters upplevelser i samband med att genomgå en PCI. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes som metod där nio artiklar analyserades och resulterade i fyra kategorier. Resultatet visade på upplevelser av att existensen hotas, många obesvarade frågor uppkom i samband med behandlingen, följden av att inte veta skapade otrygghet och svårigheter att kunna inse sjukdomens allvar. Var patienten däremot välinformerad och trygg var upplevelsen av den givna vården stärkande. Trygghet identifierades som ett av de viktigaste behov som vården behöver kunna tillgodose hos dessa personer. En slutsats som kan dras är att ett gott samarbete och kontinuitet i vården med anpassad information gynnar patientens tilltro och delaktighet, vilket kan främja hälsa och välbefinnandet hos patienten.
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Hälsorelaterad livskvalitet före och efter PCI och CABGHolmgrene, Susanne, Persson, Birgitta January 2009 (has links)
<p>För att behandla förträngningar i hjärtats kranskärl kan både PCI och CABG användas. CABG ger en bättre symtomlindring och färre återfall jämfört med PCI men utgör en större risk för patienten. Mortaliteten i dessa grupper minskar och vikten av god hälsorelaterad livskvalitet har blivit mer betydande faktor. En sämre hälsorelaterad livskvalitet påverkar behandlingens resultat negativt. Långa väntetider har negativ påverkan på den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten, sjuksköterskans ansvar är här att ge stöd åt patienten och deras närstående samt informera patienten om vad som skall hända och varför. Den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten är relaterad till fysisk funktion, psykisk funktion, stöd från närstående, symtom och dess konsekvenser och patientens tillgång till coopingstrategier. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa och jämföra kranskärlssjuka patienters skattning av hälsorelaterad livskvalitet före och efter behandling med PCI och CABG. Information visade sig vara en påverkande faktor på den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten. CABG patienter drabbades av fler komplikationer efter operationen och PCI patienterna fick mer restenoser och fick göra om behandlingen. Båda behandlingsmetoderna ökade den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten. CABG patienterna upplevde sig ha bättre fysisk funktion än PCI patienterna. I den psykiska hälsan sågs inga skillnader mellan grupperna.</p>
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Efficiency analysis of varying EGR under PCI mode of combustion in a light duty diesel enginePillai, Rahul Radhakrishna 10 October 2008 (has links)
The recent pollution norms have brought a strong emphasis on the reduction of diesel engine emissions. Low temperature combustion technology such as premixed compression ignition (PCI) has the capability to significantly and simultaneously reduce nitric oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM), thus meeting these specific pollution norms. There has been, however, observed loss in fuel conversion efficiency in some cases. This study analyzes how energy transfer and brake fuel conversion efficiency alter with (or are affected by) injection timings and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate. The study is conducted for PCI combustion for four injection timings of 9°, 12°, 15° and 18° before top dead center (BTDC) and for four exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates of 39%, 40%, 41% and 42%. The data is collected from the experimental apparatus located in General Motors Collaborative Research Laboratory at the University of Michigan. The heat release is calculated to obtain various in-cylinder energy transfers. The brake fuel conversion efficiency decreases with an increase in EGR. The decrease in the brake fuel conversion efficiency is due to the decrease in work output. This decrease is due to an increase in the pumping work and an increase in friction and decrease in gross indicated work. The decrease in the combustion efficiency is because of the increased formation of unburnt products due to increased ignition delay caused by the application of EGR and decreasing air-fuel (A/F) ratio. A definite trend is not obtained for the contribution of heat transfer to the total energy distribution. However the total heat transfer decreases with retardation of injection timing because of decreasing combustion temperature. As the injection timing is retarded, the brake fuel conversion efficiency is found to decrease. This decrease is because of a decrease in net work output. This is because the time available for utilization of the energy released is less because of late combustion. The total heat transfer decreases with retardation of injection timing because of decreasing combustion temperature. The contribution of heat transfer to the total energy distribution decreases with increase in EGR.
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Hälsorelaterad livskvalitet före och efter PCI och CABGHolmgrene, Susanne, Persson, Birgitta January 2009 (has links)
För att behandla förträngningar i hjärtats kranskärl kan både PCI och CABG användas. CABG ger en bättre symtomlindring och färre återfall jämfört med PCI men utgör en större risk för patienten. Mortaliteten i dessa grupper minskar och vikten av god hälsorelaterad livskvalitet har blivit mer betydande faktor. En sämre hälsorelaterad livskvalitet påverkar behandlingens resultat negativt. Långa väntetider har negativ påverkan på den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten, sjuksköterskans ansvar är här att ge stöd åt patienten och deras närstående samt informera patienten om vad som skall hända och varför. Den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten är relaterad till fysisk funktion, psykisk funktion, stöd från närstående, symtom och dess konsekvenser och patientens tillgång till coopingstrategier. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa och jämföra kranskärlssjuka patienters skattning av hälsorelaterad livskvalitet före och efter behandling med PCI och CABG. Information visade sig vara en påverkande faktor på den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten. CABG patienter drabbades av fler komplikationer efter operationen och PCI patienterna fick mer restenoser och fick göra om behandlingen. Båda behandlingsmetoderna ökade den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten. CABG patienterna upplevde sig ha bättre fysisk funktion än PCI patienterna. I den psykiska hälsan sågs inga skillnader mellan grupperna.
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Smärtupplevelser under PCI-behandling vid punktion av arteria radialisWidestedt, Joakim, Andersson, Matilda January 2012 (has links)
Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie är att studera smärtupplevelser, smärtfrekvens och smärtintensitet hos patienter med akut kranskärlssjukdom, som genomgår PCI-behandling med punktion av a. radialis, vid ett universitetssjukhus i mellansverige. Syftet är även att studera skillnaden i smärtfrekvens mellan män och kvinnor som genomgår PCI-behandling. Metod: Deskriptiv, komparativ tvärsnittstudie med kvantitativ ansats. Totalt 31 deltagare tillfrågades varav 20 medverkade i studien, bortfallet uppgick till 11. Datainsamling skedde med enkätfrågor rörande smärtfrekvens, -intensitet, -lokalisation och skede. Visuell analog skala (VAS) användes för att mäta smärtintensitet. Data sammanställdes i stapeldiagram i Microsoft Word samt Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences. Resultat: I studien upplevde 5 (n=20) deltagare smärta, lokalbedövning samt kateter införande var de skeden där flest deltagare upplevde smärta, den vanligaste lokalisationen var i underarmen oberoende av skede. Högst skattade smärtintensitet var 9 (0-10) på VAS-skalan och upplevdes i annan kroppsdel. Av de kvinnliga deltagarna (n=5) upplevde 60% smärta och av de manliga (n=15) upplevde 20% smärta. Det var ingen signifikant skillnad i smärtfrekvens mellan könen, p=0,371. Slutsats: Resultatet visar att 25% av deltagarna upplevde smärta i samband med PCI-behandling. Det vanligaste skedet där smärta upplevdes var lokalbedövning. Smärtans lokalisation var vanligast förlagd till underarmen. Ingen signifikant skillnad mellan män och kvinnors smärtfrekvenser har påvisats. / Aim: The aim with this study was to measure the sensation of pain, pain frequency and the intensity of pain in patients with acute coronary heart disease, whom experienced PCI-treatment with catheterization, through a. radialis, at a university hospital in central Sweden. The aim was also to study differences in pain frequency between men and women who experienced PCI-treatment. Method: Descriptive, comparative cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. A total of 31 participants where asked of which 20 chose to partake in the study, the non-respons was counted to 11. The data was collected with a survey regarding pain frequency, -intensity, -localization and phase. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to estimate intensity of pain. Data was compiled into bar charts in Microsoft Word and Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences. Result: Five (n=20) of the participants experienced pain, local anesthesia and catheterization where the most common phase to experience pain. The most common localization to experience pain in was the forearm, disregarding any particular phase of the treatment. The highest intensity of pain where estimated to 9 (0-10) on the VAS-scale and was located to other limb. Among the female participants (n=5) 60% experienced pain and among the male participants (n=15) 20% experienced pain. There was no significant difference pain intensity between genders, p=0,371. Conclusion: The results show that 25% of the participants experienced pain during PCI-treatment. The most common phase to experience pain was during local anesthesia. The most common pain localization was the forearm. No significant differences in pain frequencies between men and women could be measured.
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Efficiency analysis of varying EGR under PCI mode of combustion in a light duty diesel enginePillai, Rahul Radhakrishna 10 October 2008 (has links)
The recent pollution norms have brought a strong emphasis on the reduction of diesel engine emissions. Low temperature combustion technology such as premixed compression ignition (PCI) has the capability to significantly and simultaneously reduce nitric oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM), thus meeting these specific pollution norms. There has been, however, observed loss in fuel conversion efficiency in some cases. This study analyzes how energy transfer and brake fuel conversion efficiency alter with (or are affected by) injection timings and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate. The study is conducted for PCI combustion for four injection timings of 9°, 12°, 15° and 18° before top dead center (BTDC) and for four exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates of 39%, 40%, 41% and 42%. The data is collected from the experimental apparatus located in General Motors Collaborative Research Laboratory at the University of Michigan. The heat release is calculated to obtain various in-cylinder energy transfers. The brake fuel conversion efficiency decreases with an increase in EGR. The decrease in the brake fuel conversion efficiency is due to the decrease in work output. This decrease is due to an increase in the pumping work and an increase in friction and decrease in gross indicated work. The decrease in the combustion efficiency is because of the increased formation of unburnt products due to increased ignition delay caused by the application of EGR and decreasing air-fuel (A/F) ratio. A definite trend is not obtained for the contribution of heat transfer to the total energy distribution. However the total heat transfer decreases with retardation of injection timing because of decreasing combustion temperature. As the injection timing is retarded, the brake fuel conversion efficiency is found to decrease. This decrease is because of a decrease in net work output. This is because the time available for utilization of the energy released is less because of late combustion. The total heat transfer decreases with retardation of injection timing because of decreasing combustion temperature. The contribution of heat transfer to the total energy distribution decreases with increase in EGR.
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Datainsamlingskort med Compact PCI ExpressPersson, Lotta January 2008 (has links)
<p>In this thesis a prototype board for data aqcusition is designed and manufactured. The board is compliant with Compact PCI Express and it can sample an analog signal with two time interleaved ADC:s. Furthermore, the board is also equiped with one FPGA for the possibility of signal processing. The thesis also include a study for investigation what is needed for a total solution for data aqcusition, represention and managing the sampled data with LabView.</p>
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