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Zdroje financování bydlení v ČR / Housing Funds in Czech Republic and Economic Cost Analysis of SolutionsHomola, Jakub January 2012 (has links)
This dissertation systematically classifies and shortly describes all available funds to get a flat in Czech Republic. The main subject is a cost analysis. There is not only cost analysis and evaluation of motgage and loan, but this work contains method, how to evaluate the aggregate combinations with assets, tax savings and government benefits. There are analysed 4 usual used methods for evaluation mortgages and loans and also 2 new innovative methods, that lost weaknesses and maintain strengths. The goal of the work is achieved by creating of the general method, that manages the aggregate solution, keeping the lowest available economic costs.
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Theoretical design proposal for simulated hot asphalt mixture at a temperature below zero degrees CelsiusChávez, H., Chávez, H., Pezo, A., Llerena, G., Torres, V. 28 February 2020 (has links)
In the world there are adverse climates, climates that hinder the good construction and paving of roads, generating insecurity among the locals and visitors. This over time affects the economy of a country, as a road boosts tourism, transport and commerce. Therefore, a mixture was designed to mitigate a problem in the placement of hot asphalt mixture at temperatures below zero degrees Celsius. That is, a conventional mix design was proposed, but with different types of filler (lime, Portland cement type I and silica) tested with the Marshall and Lottman method which are governed according to the EG-2013 standards [1] and parameters established in the Asphalt Institute [2]. To find the optimum, it was tested with 5.0%, 5.5% 6.0% and 6.5% asphalt cement. Then with the results obtained a comparative analysis was performed. Finally, specimens without any additives were made, the specimens once prepared at 140°C were subjected to freezing, resulting in the three types of filler, that the hot asphalt mixture with incorporation of Portland cement type I to a 5, 90% of asphalt cement is the optimum since, subject to extreme temperatures below 0°C they comply with the parameters required in the standards.
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Plan de negocio para la implementación de URPI marca de chocolate con cacao orgánico en el mercado de Lima metropolitana “moderna” / Business plan for the implementation of URPI brand of chocolate with organic cocoa in the “modern” metropolitan Lima market.Caballero Soria, Diana Cleofé, Revilla León, Roberto Harrinson, Tafur Arias, Juan Enrique, Camacho Benites, Marco Luis 16 June 2020 (has links)
El presente proyecto es la propuesta de un plan de negocios, para comercializar la marca de chocolate orgánico URPI en el mercado de Lima metropolitana, enfocado en los niveles socioeconómicos A y B.
El objetivo principal es comercializar y vender la marca de chocolate orgánico URPI, bajo un plan de marketing estratégico, dirigido a un target con características y definiciones propias del A B, que si bien ya es atendido, pero que consideramos que se puede llegar de una forma diferente, redefiniendo perfiles de consumidor, con nueva propuesta de comunicación, diseñando un mix bajo las medidas del target, usando principales canales de distribución, un precio con apreciación y que genera propuesta de valor. El modelo de negocio es principalmente comercialización y marketing, no contará con infraestructura para producción del chocolate, puesto que contaremos como socio estratégico (proveedor) a la empresa MAKAO quien es uno de los principales productores de chocolate orgánico en el país.
La presentación del chocolate tiene un alto contenido de cacao (70% y del 80%) lo cual lo presenta como un producto de alta calidad. Por otra parte, ingresaremos al mercado con la marca URPI, quien competirá con una creciente variedad de productos existentes en el mercado.
La investigación se desarrolló con enfoque cualitativo en base al análisis del comportamiento de nuestro público objetivo, y el enfoque cuantitativo a partir de las encuestas de opinión que identificamos con las preferencias y gustos.
Se realizaron las encuestas a un número de personas representativas de 22 a 55 años de los NSE A y B en Lima Metropolitana “moderna” especificadas dentro del plan de negocio. En la investigación y dentro de las entrevistas a profundidad resaltaron las siguientes características: calidad por el porcentaje de cacao, sabor, consistencia del chocolate.
Por otro lado, y como dato muy importante para nosotros, los consumidores regulares respondieron que, si “el chocolate orgánico URPI” era un proyecto que involucraba apoyo a las comunidades campesinas participantes del proceso productivo y de la zona, sería una poderosa razón de compra. También, señalaron que gran parte de las compras las realizan en fechas especiales con motivos de regalo: reuniones y estacionalidades tipo San Valentín, día de la madre, de la secretaria, navidad, fiestas patrias.
Finalmente, los consumidores tienen mucha tendencia a comprar el chocolate en canales tradicionales (chocolaterías y eco tiendas) y canales modernos (supermercados).
Después del análisis de la demanda y el análisis financiero de venta según el mercado objetivo, proyectamos que, en un período de 3 años, se obtiene que los indicadores financieros del plan de negocio son positivos, ya que se muestran resultados de crecimiento. / This project constitutes the reaffirmation of a business plan to implement the URPI organic chocolate brand in the metropolitan Lima market, focused on socioeconomic levels A and B.
The main objective is to sell the URPI organic chocolate brand, under the benefits and stories model at a socio-economic level, in a different way but with the main distribution channels, the business model will mainly not have infrastructure as it will rely on the one already created by the main creator of the final product who will support us as a distributor. We will serve a growing audience effectively and directly.
Chocolate with a good level of organic cocoa of 70% and 80%, which is considered a high-quality product. On the other hand, we will enter the market with our own brand URPI, which will compete with a medium variety of products in the market.
The business plan was developed with a qualitative approach based on the analysis of the behavior of our target audience and the quantitative approach based on opinion polls that we identify with preferences and tastes.
A survey of the number of representative people aged 22 to 55 years of the NSE A and B in “modern” Metropolitan Lima specified within the business plan was conducted. In the investigation and the in-depth interviews, the following characteristics stood out: quality by the percentage of cocoa, flavor, consistency of chocolate. On the other hand, regular consumers indicated that if it included a project involved with the communities involved in the final product it would be striking and a reason for purchase. On the other hand, it was pointed out that a large part of the purchases is made on special dates such as gift motifs and seasonal type Valentine's Day or Mother's Day.
Finally, final consumers decide to buy the type of product in traditional channels (modules in shopping centers) and modern channels (supermarkets).
After the analysis of the demand and financial analysis of sale according to the target market in a period of 3 years, it is obtained that the financial indicators of the business plan are positive since results that would benefit us are shown. / Trabajo de investigación
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Metody pro odstranění aliasu při zobrazení stínů / Methods for Alias-Free Shadows RenderingPosolda, Jan January 2012 (has links)
This paper concerns aliasing removal methods during the shadow displaying. Method of shadow mapping, its principles, procedure and mainly its drawbacks in the form of aliasing development are described. For the removal of this undesirable phenomenon, several aliasing suppressing methods are described - Percentage Closer Filter, Variance Shadow Map, Convulotion Shadow Map, Exponential Shadow Map a Bilateral Filter. I conclude my work with a proposal and implementation of a demonstrative application, which demonstrates the implemented results adequately. Also, the comparison of individual methods on the basis of their quality and computational demands is included.
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Noise-induced hearing loss : prevalence, degree and impairment criteria in South African gold minersStrauss, Susan 15 January 2013 (has links)
Despite the preventability of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) a high prevalence is still reported in South African mines. The study aimed to describe the hearing of gold miners pertaining to the prevalence and degree of NIHL and effectiveness of current RSA impairment criteria to identify NIHL. The audiological data, collected between 2001 and 2008, of 57 714 mine workers were investigated in this retrospective cohort study. Data was accessed through the mine’s electronic database and exported to Microsoft Excel 2007 worksheets. Participants were categorised in terms of noise exposure (level and working years), age, race and gender. Noise exposure levels were described in terms of a specific occupation and categorized into four groups based on dosimeter data received from the mine’s noise hygienist, namely: 1) Below surface (underground) noise exposure, ≥85 dB A, classified according to the South African regulations on the daily permissible dose of noise exposure8, named Noise Group 1; 2) Surface noise exposure, ≥85 dB A, named Noise Group 2; 3) No known occupational noise exposure, named control group; and 4) Uncertain levels of noise exposure, e.g. students and trainees, named Noise Group 4. The control group was matched with participants of noise group 1 and 2 based on gender, race and age at the most recent audiogram test. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. Measures of central tendency and variability were used with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and pairwise comparisons according to Fisher’s Least Squares Differences Approach (F test). Results indicated that noise exposed groups had significantly higher prevalence of high and low frequency hearing loss than the control group. High-frequency hearing loss was also present in the control group. The greatest differences in prevalence of hearing loss were observed at 3, 4 kHz and age group 36 to 45 years. Thresholds at 8 kHz were worse than expected and decline slowed down with age. High-frequency thresholds showed a non-linear growth pattern with age with a greater decline at 2 kHz with age in the noise-exposed population compared to the control group. Hearing deteriorated more across age groups with more noise-exposed years, and this deterioration was most visible after 10 to 15 working years and at 3 kHz. Females had better hearing than males across the frequency spectrum. Black males had significantly better high-frequency hearing than white males but significantly worse low-frequency hearing than white male counterparts. PLH values showed poor correlation (through statistical analyses) with other well-accepted hearing impairment criteria. To date this was the largest study conducted on the hearing of gold miners and the sample included a very large number of black males exposed to occupational noise (N=17 933). Values supplied in distribution table format are therefore unique and contribute greatly to the knowledge base. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / unrestricted
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Kalkylerade kostnader ställda mot verkligt utfall för infraprojekt : Analys och uppföljning av infraprojekt / Calculated costs pledged against the actual outcome for infra projects : Analysis and follow up of infra projectsJansson, Daniel, Gelotte, Marcus January 2015 (has links)
Infrastrukturella projekt har ofta kalkylavvikelser, vilket har varit huvudanledningen till inriktningen för detta examensarbete. Rapporten beskriver mot en teoretisk referensram, kostnadskalkylering vid olika skeden i byggprocessen. Det redogörs hur kalkyleringen förändras och blir mer detaljerad i takt med att fler faktorer om det aktuella projektet efterhand blir kända. I rapporten läggs viss tyngdpunkt på uppföljningar av fyra stycken infraprojekt som kalkylerats hos Bygganalys på ÅF-Infrastructure AB. Kalkylerna har gjorts på uppdrag av beställaren Stockholms stad trafikkontor. Kostnadsuppskattningarna har ställts mot respektive entreprenörs anbudskalkyl/prissatta mängdförteckning för att identifiera vilka kostnadsposter som bidrar till kalkylavvikelser för de fyra projekten. Det redovisas även en uppföljning av den uppskattade ÄTA-summan som gjorts av Bygganalys för projekten, vilket ställts mot den verkliga ÄTA-summan. I uppföljningen av ÄTA-posterna har det även gjorts en identifikation av vilka avvikelser som orsakats av projekteringsfel och vilka som berott på ändrad arbetsomfattning eller kvalitetshöjande arbeten. I rapporten förekommer även slutsatser om orsaker till avvikelserna i kostnadsuppskattningarna och en redogörelse om vad avvikelserna kan bero på. / Infrastructural projects do often have calculated deviations, which has been the main reason to the selected orientation for this exam report. The report describes against a theoretical framework, cost accounting at different stages in the building process and how the calculations change and get more detailed as more factors about the current project gradually becomes known. The point of balance in the report is put on follow-ups of four infraprojects that has been calculated on Bygganalys at ÅF-infrastructure AB in request of the client Stockholm city traffic office. The calculations have been set against each entrepreneurs tender document/priced amount list to identify which costing post that contributes to the calculated deviation for the four projects. It also describes a follow-up of the estimated changed, additional and outgoing work sum that has been made by Bygganalys for the projects, which has been pledged against the actual outcome for changed, additional and outgoing work sum. In the follow-up of changed, additional and outgoing work posts it has also been made an identification of which deviations that has been caused by project planning failures and which that has been caused by changes in the amount of work or quality improvements.
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Automated Contingency Management for Passenger-Carrying Urban Air Mobility OperationsSai V Mudumba (12295691) 19 April 2022 (has links)
<p>As Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is developed and brought into fruition via electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicles, contingencies associated with this new distributed electric propulsion technology in metropolitan areas must be considered. On the state of knowledge on contingencies for eVTOL vehicles, these can be Epistemological Risks or Ontological Risks. Epistemological Risks include known-knowns (probabilistic risks) and known-unknowns (gaps in knowledge). Ontological Risks include, unknown-knowns (hidden knowledge), unknown-unknowns (fog of ignorance). As UAM operations at large scale do not have as much historical accidents data as General Aviation or Commercial Aviation, it is challenging to estimate its accident failure rate per 100,000 flight hours. While battery thermal runaway, battery energy uncertainty, software issues, and common mode power failures are some failure cases listed in this thesis, it is the undiscovered contingency (i.e., unknown-unknown) or unprepared contingency (i.e., unknown-known), along with other external factors, that can lead to an accident. UAM is expected to operate at 1500 feet AGL and at high frequencies over dense metropolitan areas. In an in-flight emergency at these altitudes, any startle response experienced by on-board or remote pilots can lead to longer response times. This study aims to create a framework for contingency planning and risk mitigation using a Reachable Ground Footprint model for eVTOL aircraft under 100% power failure scenarios in-flight. This framework utilizes all existing, public aerodrome infrastructures in metropolitan areas as potential contingency landing sites. Metrics such as Contingency Landing Assurance Percentage and Cruise Altitude Floor requirement are introduced to quantitatively measuring the safety of any UAM trip and provide recommendations on safe cruising altitudes. A demonstration case in the Chicago Metropolitan Area between DuPage Regional Airport and John H. Stroger Hospital Helipad is shown and discussed. Furthermore, aggregate analysis of 434 UAM trips in Chicago Metropolitan Area between Regional Airports, between Regional and Heliports, and between Heliports is performed, along with sensitivity studies involving wind and turn control restrictions. The results discuss variations in Cruise Altitude Floor, Flight Time, and Energy Consumption of these trips using an eVTOL vehicle.</p>
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Porovnání měření rychlosti vodoměrnou vrtulí a laserovým anemometrem / Comparison of speed measurement by hydrometric propeller and laser anemometerKosík, Ondřej January 2022 (has links)
This final thesis deals primarily with the comparison of two calibration approaches. It determines the degree of mutual agreement and tries to answer the reasons of their deviations. This agreement was measured by the LDA method. It was found that the calibration approach based on the reference framework of values of the previous bachelor thesis differs systematically from the calibration using calibration equations obtained from certified laboratories by -2 %. The causes of this deviation were investigated using LDA and PIV. Although a significant number of measurements were performed, all tested hypotheses were refuted and therefore it was not possible to determine their cause.
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Goals are the Difference: Predicting Win-Loss Records in College SoccerEhlert, Brittany Nicole January 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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An Analysis of the Effect of Early Season Winning Percentage on Final Regular Season Winning PercentageEmily, Martin M. January 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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