This work was developed in the drainage-basin from higher course of the Uberaba River, located in the county of Uberaba - Minas Gerais. This river, in all its extension from its water spring to the mouth of the Rio Grande River runs 140 kilometers. The environmental Protection Area (EPA) State Law 13183 (01/20/1999), is part of study that reaches an area of almost 53,500 hectares, marked among the geographical coordinates 19°30 and 19°45 south; and 47°38 and 48°00 west of Greenwich. The catchment area of water of the city of Uberaba is located in this space. They show an average flow of 1,200 liters per second and a legal flow by IGAM of 900 liters per second for the supply of the city. The aim of this research was to perform divisions of this area in environmental zones to subsidize future works concerned with the protection of the surface and underground sources of this drainagebasin. The analysis and perception of the landscape in this area was very important to understand the physical, social and economical factors that interfere in the quality and quantity of produced water in the area of study. This research was performed through data from a field survey for the characterization of the physical, social and economical aspects such as geology, salience, soil, the average flow of water and the use of soil, along with the use of topographical letter, satellite image and geomorphological maps. The obtained results were represented through a series of cartographic papers. The integration of these documents enabled a map of environmental zone of this area. Considering the analyses of the obtained information we can state that it is necessary to elaborate a handling plan to this area supported in three main parts: maintenance, restoration of the damaged areas and balanced use of its sources. This work is supposed to stimulate new researches involving this area of the Uberaba River, especially in the higher course, in order to study the issue more deeply. / Este trabalho desenvolveu-se na bacia do alto curso do rio Uberaba, localizada no Município de Uberaba, MG. O rio Uberaba, em toda sua extensão, de sua nascente a sua foz no rio Grande, percorre 140 Km. A APA, Área de Proteção Ambiental - Lei Estadual 13183 de 20/01/1999, é parte integrante da área de estudo, que compreende uma área de aproximadamente 53.500 ha, balizados entre as coordenadas geográficas 19° 30 e 19o 45 sul e 47o 38 e 48o 00 oeste de Greenwich. Na área em questão, localiza-se a captação da água da cidade de Uberaba que indicam uma vazão média de 1.200 l/s e uma vazão autorizada pelo IGAM de 900 l/s para o abastecimento da cidade. Este trabalho objetivou a realização de um zoneamento ambiental do alto curso do rio Uberaba com vistas a subsidiar futuros trabalhos voltados à proteção dos mananciais superficiais e subterrâneos da bacia do alto curso do rio Uberaba. A análise e percepção da paisagem na área da bacia foram fundamentais para compreensão dos fatores físicos e sócio-econômicos que interferem na qualidade e quantidade de água produzida na área de estudo. Esta pesquisa realizou-se mediante levantamentos de campo para caracterização dos aspectos físicos e sócioeconômicos, tais como: geologia, relevo, solo, vazão dos cursos d água e o uso do solo, aliados ao uso de carta topográfica, imagem de satélite, mapas geomorfológicos. Os resultados obtidos foram representados em um conjunto de documentos cartográficos. A integração destes documentos cartográficos resultou no mapa de zoneamento ambiental da bacia do alto curso do rio Uberaba. Mediante a análise das informações obtidas pode-se afirmar que é necessário elaborar implementar um plano de manejo para a bacia do alto curso do rio Uberaba que esteja apoiada em três sustentáculos: a preservação, a reabilitação de áreas degradadas e a utilização equilibrada de seus recursos. Espera-se que, com este trabalho estimular novas pesquisas envolvendo a bacia do rio Uberaba, sobretudo na sua porção de alto curso, para maior aprofundamento da questão. / Mestre em Geografia

Durch vegetationsökologische Feldstudien wurde das Biotop- und Arteninventar verschiedener Festungsanlagen des 19. Jahrhunderts in Deutschland, Polen und Litauen untersucht. Ein Ziel der Untersuchung war die Bewertung der Standorte für eine Einbindung in den FFH Biotop-Verbund, ergänzt durch Auswertungen historischer Luftbilder sowie Sentinel2-Fernerkundungsdaten. Die Festungsanlagen neigten in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einer Wiederbewaldung durch ausbleibende Nutzung und Pflege der Offenlandbereiche. Innerhalb weniger Jahrzehnte sind vor Ort vor allem stadtwaldähnliche Standorte entstanden. Eine Entwicklung hin zu standorttypischen Ausprägung einer HPNV oder anderer Gesellschaften, die als Biotoptypen nach Anhang I FFH-RL ausweisbar wären, ist an den untersuchten Standorten nicht beobachtet worden. Hohe Biotopqualitäten in Offenland-Standorten sowie anderen Biotoptypen sind nicht beobachtet worden. Festungen und deren Biotope sind als Novel Ecosystems ausweisbar und wären nur als solche in das Biotopverbundsystem integrierbar. Satellitenbasierte Auswertungen bilden die Kleinräumigkeit der örtlichen Biotopstrukturen –und deren Vielfalt nur bedingt ab. Fehlende Pflege und Nutzung von Festungen sowie aufkommende Waldbestände verursachen eine sukzessive Degradation und Schädigung der Bausubstanz. Eine naturschutzfachliche Begründung für das grundsätzliche Ausbleiben von Sanierung und Bausubstanzerhalt existiert nicht, auch wenn diese Standorte oftmals Habitate für Arten des Anhang IV der FFH-RL aufweisen. Im Gegensatz, die Pflege und der Erhalt des Kulturerbes „Festungsanlagen“ wird von der europäischen Naturschutz- und vor allem Kulturagenda sogar gefordert, da diese neben noch unspezifiziertem Natur- und Erholungswert auch einen intrinsischen gesamteuropäischen Kulturwert haben. Das muss bei der lokalen Raum- und Naturschutzfachplanung sowie in der regionalen Landespflege berücksichtigt werden. / The biotope and species inventory of various fortifications of the 19th century in Germany, Poland and Lithuania was examined through vegetation-ecological field studies. One aim of the study was to evaluate the locations for integration into the FFH biotope network, supplemented by evaluations of historical aerial photos and Sentinel2 remote sensing data. Investigated fortifications tended to reforest in recent decades due to the lack of use and maintenance of the open land areas. Within a few decades, urban forest-like sites have developed here at the investigated sites. A development towards site-typical expressions of PNV or other communities, which could be designated as FFH biotopes according to Annex I of the Habitats Directive, has not been observed. High biotope qualities in open land biotopes and other types were not observed Fortresses and their biotopes can be designated as Novel Ecosystems and should only be integrated as such into the biotope network. Satellite based evaluations only provide a limited picture of the small-scale nature and diversity of local biotope structures. The lack of maintenance and use of fortresses as well as emerging forest stands cause successive degradation and damage to the building fabric. There is no nature conservation justification for the fundamental lack of remediation and preservation of building fabric, even though these sites often have habitats for species listed in Annex IV of the Habitats Directive. In contrast, the care and preservation of the cultural heritage "fortifications" is even demanded by the European nature conservation and cultural agenda, as they have an intrinsic pan-European cultural value in addition to still unspecified nature and recreational value. This is even reflected by the aim of the Habitats Directive. This must be taken into account in local spatial and nature conservation planning and in regional land management.