Objetivos: Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar e comparar a condição periodontal de dentes pilares e não pilares de indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina reabilitados com prótese parcial removível instalada. Material e métodos: Pilares de 45 pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas, de ambos os gêneros que utilizam prótese parcial removível, matriculados no Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais, Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC-USP), com idade variando de 25 a 72 anos. Foram excluídos da amostra os indivíduos com alterações sistêmicas, doenças neurológicas, que tenham realizado tratamento periodontal prévio nos últimos seis meses, fumantes, gestantes, etílicos, usuários de drogas, que estavam fazendo uso de antidepressivos, antiinflamatórios, anticonvulsivantes, bloqueadores de cálcio ou qualquer fármaco que pudesse interferir nos resultados deste estudo. Os parâmetros clínicos avaliados por um único avaliador foram: medida de profundidade de sondagem, nível de inserção clínico, índice gengival, índice de placa, recessão gengival, quantidade de mucosa ceratinizada, com sonda periodontal, além das condições de higiene da prótese, classificação da área desdentada, classificação do tipo de grampo e foi aplicado o questionário de qualidade de vida. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dentes pilares e não pilares com exceção do nível de inserção clínico e profundidade de sondagem. As próteses de classe III foram as mais frequentes. Os escores 2 e 3 foram os mais frequentes dos índices de placa e Tarbet. O tipo de prótese, segundo a classificação de Kennedy não influenciou o OHIP-14. Os escores mais frequentes do OHIP-14 foram 0 e 1 . Conclusões: Os dentes pilares e não pilares das próteses parciais removíveis de indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina não apresentaram diferenças significativas nos parâmetros clínicos avaliados com exceção do nível de inserção clínico e profundidade de sondagem, aceitando-se parcialmente a hipótese nula. O tipo de grampo a classificação das próteses não tiveram influência na qualidade de vida. Os pacientes necessitam de melhor orientação de higiene oral já que os índices de placa e de Tarbet apresentaram médios a altos escores. / Purposes: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the periodontal status of abutment teeth and not abutment teeth of individuals with cleft palate rehabilitated with removable partial denture installed. Materials and Methods: abutment teeth of 45 patients with cleft lip and palate, of both genders using removable partial dentures, enrolled at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC-USP), aged 25-72 years. Were excluded from the sample individuals with systemic conditions, neurological diseases, who have made previous periodontal treatment in the last six months, smokers, pregnant women, ethyl, drug users, who were taking antidepressants, antiinflammatories, anticonvulsants, calcium blockers or any drug that could interfere with the results of this study. The clinical parameters assessed by a single evaluator were measured probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index, plaque index, gingival recession, amount of keratinized mucosa, periodontal probe, and the hygiene of the prosthesis, the classification edentulous area, type classification clamp was applied and the quality of life questionnaire. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the abutment teeth and not abutment teeth except clinical the attachment level and probing depth. The prostheses of class III were the most frequent. The scores 2 and 3 were the most frequent plaque index and Tarbet. The type of prosthesis, according to the classification of Kennedy did not influence the OHIP-14. Scores Frequently OHIP-14 were 0 and 1. Conclusions: The abutment teeth and not abutment teeth of removable partial dentures for individuals with cleft palate showed no significant differences in clinical parameters evaluated with the exception of clinical attachment level and probing depth, partially accepting the null hypothesis. The type of staple sorting prosthesis did not influence the quality of life. Patients need better oral hygiene care, since the plaque index and Tarbet had medium to high scores.

Evalúa la severidad de la enfermedad periodontal en dientes premolares superiores en comparación a los dientes premolares inferiores en pacientes caninos mayores de un año de edad en la Clínica de Animales Menores de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos durante el periodo octubre 2012 a marzo 2013. Todas las piezas dentarias de un total de 54 pacientes caninos mayores de un año de edad son evaluadas mediante el Índice Veterinario Periodontal de Wiggs y Lobprise (1997). El porcentaje de perros que presentan algún grado de enfermedad periodontal es de 81% (44/54) y la distribución porcentual de los dientes afectados con algún grado de enfermedad periodontal es de 40% (803/2007). Determina que existe asociación entre la presencia de la enfermedad periodontal en dientes premolares y la arcada dentaria maxilar o mandibular, encontrándose que la enfermedad periodontal es mayor en los dientes premolares superiores. / Tesis

Magister Scientiae - MSc / Patients who are in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) experience a significantly increased rate of atherosclerotic complications. Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of these complications. The major acute phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP) has been found to predict all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in ESRD patients. Many patients in ESRD experience elevated CRP levels without an overt infection. Periodontal diseases in the general population have been associated with both an increased prevalence of atherosclerotic complications and an elevation in serum CRP values. The aim of this present study was to investigate whether periodontal disease is associated with increased systemic inflammation reflected by CRP values, in patients with ESRD on maintenance haemodialysis (HD) or perioneal dialysis (PD). / South Africa

Magister Scientiae - MSc / Periodontitis is a bacterially induced chronic inflammatory disease that destroys the supporting tissues of teeth. Clinical observations and experimental evidence indicates that there is a genetic influence of risk factors for periodontitis. A specific pattern of IL-1 polymorphisms (known as the composite IL-1 genotype) has been found to influence the severity of chronic periodontitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the IL-1 gene polymorphisms and the severity of periodontal disease in a selected Xhosa ppopulation of South africa. / South Africa

Periodontal disease is an oral inflammatory disease often associated with damage to the soft tissues and hard structures that support teeth. Within the subgingival biofilm, multiple microorganisms initiate inflammatory responses that can lead to a chronic oral inflammatory state, in which periodontal ligament may be damaged leading to alveolar bone loss. In recent studies, amnion-derived cellular cytokine solution (ACCS) and cytokines secreted by the amnion-derived multipotent progenitor cells (AMPs) obtained from the placenta illustrated evidence of wound healing, promotion of macrophage activity, and infected tissue repair. Furthermore, ACCS were capable of preventing periodontal inflammation induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in an experimental model, suggesting its role in modulating host's inflammatory response in order to arrest, if not eradicate, inflammation in periodontal tissues.. This study aimed to investigate a novel combination of ACCS that specifically targeted the bone tissues. Whereas in previous study, ACCS was tested to identify the efficacy of its ability to reduce inflammation and to repair damages in gingiva and reduce alveolar bone loss, ACCS-B was tested here to determine its impact on bone turnover. The study used a periodontal model of rabbit jaws to induce periodontitis. Periodontitis-specific pathogen P. gingivalis was applied in a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) slurry topically applied to the mandibular second premolars at the site of silk ligatures.. The silk ligatures were placed to serve as the retention for the P. gingivalis slurry. The protocol followed two phases, the disease induction phase (6 weeks) and the treatment phase (6 weeks). In the disease induction phase, 24 New-Zealand White rabbits were induced with topical P. gingivalis every other day on the mandibular premolars. At the end of this phase, 3 rabbits were randomly selected and sacrificed to serve as the baseline disease group. Of the remaining 21 rabbits, 3 rabbits were kept untreated and served as untreated-control group and the remaining 18 rabbits were randomly assigned to 3 different treatment groups: Placebo Treatment (Saline), ACCS-U treatment, and ACCS-B treatment. During the treatment phase, each treatment group received its respective treatments to the ligated sites 3 times a week in an every-other-day fashion. After 6 weeks, the rabbit jaws were evaluated histologically. At the end of treatment phase, the untreated group exhibited significant progression of periodontal disease evident by the destruction of soft and hard tissue on the site of interest. ACCS-U and ACCS-B showed substantial reduction of tissue inflammation and crestal bone loss compared to those in baseline disease, untreated, and saline-treated groups, however there were no statistically significant differences between ACCS-B and ACCS-Utreated sites. . Histological findings, specifically Masson's Trichrome stained sections, revealed that collagen deposition and new bone formations were actively present in the alveolar bone of ACCS-treated groups. Moreover, quantitative assessments of inflammatory cell activity and osteoclastic activity at the crestal and along the bone surfaces of the ligated sites by Hematoxylin-Eosin stains and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase stains respectively, confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity by the ACCS-treatments. The osteocalcin stained cells also revealed the initiation of bone formation and bone repair in the ACCS-treated groups. These results state a clear indication of control of inflammatory disease and as a result, bone formation and tissue repair in both ACC-U and ACC-B treated groups.. As for the untreated group and the baseline disease group, significant disease progression is highlighted by bone loss and high level of inflammation in the site of interest. Although ACCS-B was inferior to previously tested ACCS-U with regard to anti-inflammatory effects and bone formation it clearly demonstrated its future use as potential treatment for periodontal disease, along with restoration of damaged tissues. These results further solidify findings that ACCS acts through host-modulated anti-inflammatory actions in the inflammatory conditions.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This is the first in a series of experiments designed to investigate the effect of local and systemic factors on osteoblast histogenesis in rats. A soft diet is an experimental means thought to decrease the overall mechanical loading (a local factor) on the masticatory apparatus. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three equally sized groups: 1) an experimental group, which was maintained on a soft paste diet; 2) a control group, pair fed with the experimental group; and 3) a control group fed ad libitum. Both control groups continued to eat standard Purina rat chow pellets. Twenty-three days later all animals were injected subcutaneously with 1.0 μCi/ g tritiated thymidine and sacrificed one hour later. The maxillae of the animals were dissected and sectioned. The periodontal ligament (PDL) of the mesial surface of the mesial root of the first molar was analyzed microscopically 110 μm above and below the mid root area. Nuclear size was used to determine the stage of osteoblast differentiation. The labeling index was used to determine the proliferative activity of the cells. The distance of cells from the nearest major blood vessel (NMBV) was measured and the cells were grouped into one to four extravascular zones. For each zone, cell density was determined. PDL widths were measured to evaluate tooth function. If osteogenesis is due primarily to stress and strain on bones, then rats maintained on the soft diet should show a decreased labeling index, increased number of A and A' cells, decreased number of C and D cells, and an unaltered vascularly-oriented cell density gradient. The number of osteoblastic precursor cells (A and A' cells) close to blood vessels should increase relative to the number of preosteoblastic cells (C and D) further from the vessels. Also, the width of the PDL space in the soft diet rats should be narrower since their function was decreased. The results of this study did not support the hypothesis that a decrease in masticatory stress and strain within the rat periodontal ligament due to softened dietary consistency reduces osteoblast histogenesis. No differences were seen in the PDL widths or the vascularly-oriented cell density gradient between groups. High levels of A+A' cells were seen paravascularly for all groups, and their relative numbers decreased as one moved away from the blood vessel into a lower cell density area, supporting previous studies. No differences were seen in the fractional distribution of A+A' cells or C+D cells between groups, as was hypothesized, except for a higher level of A+A' cells in the pair fed group across all zones. This latter finding was probably due to physiologic variation and the small sample sizes used in this study. Decreased masticatory stress and strain due to a softened diet did not reduce osteoblast histogenesis. Further research needs to investigate systemic factors which may influence bone formation.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / Studies have revealed an association between periodontal disease and a number of systemic diseases, including atherosclerosis and diabetes. These findings may help physicians identify correctable causes of disease early in the course of progression or prevent disease onset entirely. As the number of possible systemic diseases associated with oral infection is being explored and expanded, cognitive impairment associated with dementia has been added to the list as a possible end organ target. This paper examines the available research focused on exploring this potential link between Alzheimer's disease and periodontal disease. Alzheimer's disease and periodontal disease are both major public health concerns that most commonly affect the elderly population. Recently, several cross-sectional studies have investigated the oral health status of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, finding that often these individuals are not able to take care of their own oral needs. This has alerted healthcare professionals and caretakers to the need for more focused attention to oral health in this population. Conversely, a small number of studies have also set out to investigate the role of pre-existing poor oral health in the development of Alzheimer's disease. The mechanisms and evidence recently published on this possible bi-directional link are reviewed in this paper. The central focus is on the role of inflammation in the central nervous system of patients with Alzheimer's disease. It is believed that chronic diseases, such as periodontal disease, can cause systemic inflammation by directly introducing bacterial pathogens, toxins, and other inflammation inducing substances into the bloodstream. Some of these studies have used detection methods to determine the presence of oral pathogens in distant body parts, including the brain. Several bacteria identified in these sites are major periodontal pathogens, which have also been linked to other systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis. Other studies have focused their research on the detection of inflammatory markers and endotoxins associated with pathogens involved in oral infection. Some studies have also indicated a significant correlation between lifetime tooth loss and impaired cognition later in life. Future research must continue to examine how periodontal pathogens and inflammation contribute to the pathology in AD, and whether the two diseases merely share common risk factors or are interrelated. Potential confounders including viral infections, head injury, low socioeconomic status, malnutrition and genetic inflammatory susceptibility must also be controlled for ill order for the results to be more conclusive While there is evidence indicating that a bidirectional link may exist between AD and periodontal disease, at this point there is still not enough evidence to establish this conclusively. Still, the studies presented here do serve as an important foundation for future research; such as randomized-controlled intervention trials with long term followup that would help elucidate causation. The results of these preliminary investigations are certainly promising enough to warrant these future studies to determine if preventative oral health measures could potentially reduce the risk of developing AD. / 2999-01-01

A relação entre periodontite e doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) tem sido amplamente discutida, embora os mecanismos de interação não estejam claros. Foi sugerido que pacientes com periodontite apresentam inflamação sistêmica e um pequeno aumento no risco cardiovascular. Patógenos periodontais foram encontrados em placas de ateroma, mas a influência destes microrganismos na aterosclerose ainda não é compreendida. O objetivo primário deste estudo foi delinear o perfil inflamatório sistêmico de pacientes submetidos à endarterectomia carotídea. Os objetivos secundários foram associar o perfil inflamatório dos participantes à condição periodontal e à presença de patógenos orais encontrados na cavidade oral e em placas de ateroma. Trinta e cinco pacientes submetidos à endarterectomia carotídea foram incluídos neste estudo. Antes da cirurgia vascular, um exame clínico periodontal foi realizado e foram coletadas amostras de sangue, saliva e biofilme subgengival. Durante a endarterectomia, uma amostra da placa de ateroma foi coletada. As amostras de soro foram testadas com o ensaio imunoenzimático de alta sensibilidade Multiplex para dezessete marcadores de células Th17. Amostras de saliva, biofilme subgengival e placa de ateroma foram submetidas ao PCR quantitativo para avaliação de dez patógenos periodontais. Este estudo foi capaz de detectar vários marcadores inflamatórios circulantes, o que indica a presença de inflamação sistêmica como uma característica da população. T. forsythia foi o microrganismo mais frequentemente encontrado em amostras de ateroma (37% das amostras). Níveis de T. forsythia em amostras de ateroma foram positivamente correlacionados com os níveis séricos de IL-7, IL-6, IL-17, IL-13, IL-12p70, IFN-?, GCS-F (p<0,05) e IL-10 (p<0,01). Níveis séricos de IL-2 foram positivamente correlacionados com os concentrações salivares de P. intermedia, P. endodontalis (p<0,05) e T. denticola (p<0,01). Níveis séricos de TNF-? foram positivamente correlacionados com concentrações salivares de P. endodontalis (p<0,01). Concentrações de P. endodontalis em amostras subgengivais foram correlacionadas positivamente com IL-2 (p<0,05). A inflamação periodontal (PISA) foi positivamente correlacionada com IL-2 (p<0,05). A coexistência de patógenos periodontais comuns na cavidade oral e na placa de ateroma está associada a um estado inflamatório sistêmico, o que poderia ser relevante para a compreensão dos mecanismos que ligam periodontite com DCV. / The relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been widely discussed, although the mechanisms of interaction are not clear. It has been suggested that patients with periodontitis exhibit systemic inflammation and mild increase in future cardiovascular risk. Periodontal pathogens have been found in atheromatous plaques, but their exact role in atherosclerosis are not yet undertstood. The primary aim of this study was to screen the systemic inflammation profile in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. The secondary aims were to associate participant\'s inflammatory profiles with periodontal status and the presence of periodontal pathogens found in oral cavity and atheromatous plaques. Thirty-five patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy were enrolled in this study. Prior to the vascular surgery, a clinical periodontal exam was conducted, and samples of blood, saliva and subgingival biofilm were collected. During endarterectomy, a sample of the atheromatous plaque was retrieved. Serum samples were assayed with high sensitivity Multiplex assay for seventeen Th17 biomarkers. Saliva, subgingival biofilm and atheromatous plaque samples were submited to quantitative PCR for ten periodontal pathogens. This study was able to detect several circulating inflammatory markers, indicating the systemic inflammatory burden as a characteristic of this population. T. forsythia was the more frequent microorganism found in atheromatous samples (37% of the samples). T. forsythia titres in atheromatous samples were positively correlated with serum levels of IL-7, IL-6, IL-17, IL-13, IL-12p70, IFN- ?, GCS-F (p<0.05) and IL-10 (p<0.01). Circulating levels of IL-2 were positively correlated with salivary titres of P. intermedia, P. endodontalis (p<0.05) and T. denticola (p<0.01). Circulating levels of TNF-? were positively correlated with salivary titres of P. endodontalis (p<0.01). Subgingival levels of P. endodontalis were positively correlated with IL-2 (p<0.05). Periodontal inflammation (PISA) was positively correlated with IL-2 (p<0.05). The co-existence of common periodontal pathogens in the oral cavity and in atheromatous plaque is associated with a systemic inflammatory state that could be relevant to understanding the mechanisms linking periodontitis to CVD.

A relação entre periodontite e doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) tem sido amplamente discutida, embora os mecanismos de interação não estejam claros. Foi sugerido que pacientes com periodontite apresentam inflamação sistêmica e um pequeno aumento no risco cardiovascular. Patógenos periodontais foram encontrados em placas de ateroma, mas a influência destes microrganismos na aterosclerose ainda não é compreendida. O objetivo primário deste estudo foi delinear o perfil inflamatório sistêmico de pacientes submetidos à endarterectomia carotídea. Os objetivos secundários foram associar o perfil inflamatório dos participantes à condição periodontal e à presença de patógenos orais encontrados na cavidade oral e em placas de ateroma. Trinta e cinco pacientes submetidos à endarterectomia carotídea foram incluídos neste estudo. Antes da cirurgia vascular, um exame clínico periodontal foi realizado e foram coletadas amostras de sangue, saliva e biofilme subgengival. Durante a endarterectomia, uma amostra da placa de ateroma foi coletada. As amostras de soro foram testadas com o ensaio imunoenzimático de alta sensibilidade Multiplex para dezessete marcadores de células Th17. Amostras de saliva, biofilme subgengival e placa de ateroma foram submetidas ao PCR quantitativo para avaliação de dez patógenos periodontais. Este estudo foi capaz de detectar vários marcadores inflamatórios circulantes, o que indica a presença de inflamação sistêmica como uma característica da população. T. forsythia foi o microrganismo mais frequentemente encontrado em amostras de ateroma (37% das amostras). Níveis de T. forsythia em amostras de ateroma foram positivamente correlacionados com os níveis séricos de IL-7, IL-6, IL-17, IL-13, IL-12p70, IFN-?, GCS-F (p<0,05) e IL-10 (p<0,01). Níveis séricos de IL-2 foram positivamente correlacionados com os concentrações salivares de P. intermedia, P. endodontalis (p<0,05) e T. denticola (p<0,01). Níveis séricos de TNF-? foram positivamente correlacionados com concentrações salivares de P. endodontalis (p<0,01). Concentrações de P. endodontalis em amostras subgengivais foram correlacionadas positivamente com IL-2 (p<0,05). A inflamação periodontal (PISA) foi positivamente correlacionada com IL-2 (p<0,05). A coexistência de patógenos periodontais comuns na cavidade oral e na placa de ateroma está associada a um estado inflamatório sistêmico, o que poderia ser relevante para a compreensão dos mecanismos que ligam periodontite com DCV. / The relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been widely discussed, although the mechanisms of interaction are not clear. It has been suggested that patients with periodontitis exhibit systemic inflammation and mild increase in future cardiovascular risk. Periodontal pathogens have been found in atheromatous plaques, but their exact role in atherosclerosis are not yet undertstood. The primary aim of this study was to screen the systemic inflammation profile in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. The secondary aims were to associate participant\'s inflammatory profiles with periodontal status and the presence of periodontal pathogens found in oral cavity and atheromatous plaques. Thirty-five patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy were enrolled in this study. Prior to the vascular surgery, a clinical periodontal exam was conducted, and samples of blood, saliva and subgingival biofilm were collected. During endarterectomy, a sample of the atheromatous plaque was retrieved. Serum samples were assayed with high sensitivity Multiplex assay for seventeen Th17 biomarkers. Saliva, subgingival biofilm and atheromatous plaque samples were submited to quantitative PCR for ten periodontal pathogens. This study was able to detect several circulating inflammatory markers, indicating the systemic inflammatory burden as a characteristic of this population. T. forsythia was the more frequent microorganism found in atheromatous samples (37% of the samples). T. forsythia titres in atheromatous samples were positively correlated with serum levels of IL-7, IL-6, IL-17, IL-13, IL-12p70, IFN- ?, GCS-F (p<0.05) and IL-10 (p<0.01). Circulating levels of IL-2 were positively correlated with salivary titres of P. intermedia, P. endodontalis (p<0.05) and T. denticola (p<0.01). Circulating levels of TNF-? were positively correlated with salivary titres of P. endodontalis (p<0.01). Subgingival levels of P. endodontalis were positively correlated with IL-2 (p<0.05). Periodontal inflammation (PISA) was positively correlated with IL-2 (p<0.05). The co-existence of common periodontal pathogens in the oral cavity and in atheromatous plaque is associated with a systemic inflammatory state that could be relevant to understanding the mechanisms linking periodontitis to CVD.