The development and fabrication of silicon-based phononic band gap crystals has been gaining interest since phononic band gap crystals have implications in fundamental science and display the potential for application in engineering by providing a relatively new platform for the realization of sensors and signal processing elements. The seminal study of phononic band gap phenomenon for classical elastic wave localization in structures with periodicity in two- or three-physical dimensions occurred in the early 1990’s. Micro-integration of silicon devices that leverage this phenomenon followed from the mid-2000’s until the present. The reported micro-integration relies on exotic piezoelectric transduction, phononic band gap crystals that are etched into semi-infinite or finite-thickness slabs which support surface or slab waves, phononic band gap crystals of numerous lattice constants in dimension and phononic band gap crystal truncation by homogeneous mediums or piezoelectric transducers. The thesis reports, to the best of the author's knowledge, for the first time, the theory, design methodology and experiment of an electrostatically actuated silicon-plate phononic band gap quasi-crystal architecture, which may serve as a platform for the development of a new generation of silicon-integrated sensors, signal processing elements and improved mechanical systems. Electrostatic actuation mitigates the utilization of piezoelectric transducers and provides action at a distance type forces so that the phononic band gap quasi-crystal edges may be free standing for potentially reduced anchor and substrate mode loss and improved energy confinement compared with traditional surface and slab wave phononic band gap crystals. The proposed phononic band gap quasi-crystal architecture is physically scaled for fabrication as MEMS in a silicon-on-insulator process. Reasonable experimental verification of the model of the electrostatically actuated phononic band gap quasi-crystal architecture is obtained through extensive dynamic harmonic analysis and mode shape topography measurements utilizing optical non-destructive laser-Doppler velocimetry. We have utilized our devices to obtain fundamental information regarding novel transduction mechanisms and behavioral characteristics of the phononic band gap quasi-crystal architecture. Applicability of the phononic band gap quasi-crystal architecture to physical temperature sensors is demonstrated experimentally. Vibration stabilized resonators are demonstrated numerically.

Poursuivant l'essor des méta-matériaux micro-ondes et photoniques, les cristaux phononiques, organisations périodiques de matériaux acoustiquement différents présentant notamment des bandes d'arrêt, c'est-à-dire de plages de fréquences pour lesquelles aucun mode ne se propage dans la structure, laissent entrevoir des applications acoustiques hors de portée des technologies existantes. Dans cette thèse, nous visons des réalisations aux fréquences RF afin de viser des applications complémentaires des résonateurs ou des filtres acoustiques largement employés dans le domaine des transmissions sans fil. Nous avons tout d'abord développé un procédé de fabrication simple permettant de réaliser des cristaux phononiques à deux dimensions à l'échelle micrométrique sur membrane piézoélectrique, afin de rendre ces systèmes compatibles avec les composants à ondes de Lamb développés au CEA-LETI pour des applications de filtrage de canal dans des architectures de transmission sans fil faible consommation. Ce procédé a été utilisé pour réaliser des cristaux phononiques, ainsi que des résonateurs à ondes de Lamb, ou à ondes de volume et des structures plus complexes comme par exemple des filtres passe-bande. Une étude paramétrique des composants à ondes de Lamb nous a permis d'affiner notre maîtrise de ces dispositifs, ce qui nous a été utile pour la mise au point des lignes à retard permettant de caractériser les propriétés de transmission acoustique des cristaux phononiques. Du point de vue théorique, un modèle de simulation par éléments finis a été mis en place, dans un premier temps pour dimensionner les structures réalisées et prendre en compte les modifications apportées par la réalisation technologique. Nous avons ensuite réalisé des cristaux phononiques que nous avons caractérisés électriquement et optiquement, en collaboration avec l'Institut FEMTO-ST. Les mesures confirment la présence de bandes d'arrêt, aux fréquences attendues, mais d'une largeur a priori bien supérieure à celle prévue par la simulation. Une étude détaillée des diagrammes de bandes attribue ce phénomène à la présence de bandes sourdes dans le cristal ne pouvant être excitées par les transducteurs utilisés. Cet aspect est d'une importance critique dans le dimensionnement de cristaux phononiques en vue d'une utilisation dans des applications pratiques. / In the straight line of photonic and microwave meta-materials, phononic crystals are foreseen to enable novel acoustic applications that existing technologies cannot reach. These phononic crystals are periodic organisation of acoustically different materials exhibiting, for example, qtop bands, which means frequency ranges in which no wave can propagate in the structure. In this thesis we target RF frequencies in order to investigate applications complementary to the conventional resonators or filters widely used in mobile telecommunication systems. We developed a simple process flow to realise micrometric two-dimensional phononic crystals on a piezoelectric membrane. These structures are fabricated along with Lamb wave devices studied in CEA-LETI for channel filtering in low consumption wireless transmission architectures, and with bulk wave resonators or more complex structures like band-pass filters. A parametric study of Lamb wave resonators sharpens our knowledge on these devices, which allow us to design and fabricate delay lines to characterise acoustic transmission properties of phononic crystals. From a theoretical point of view we set up a simulation model using finite element method. This model was used to design the phononic crystal we realised, and to take into account the effects of the modifications brought by the technological realisation. We then fabricated phononic crystals, and electrically and optically characterised them, in collaboration with FEMTO-ST institute. Measurements confirmed the presence of band gaps at the targeted frequency, but over a wider frequency range than predicted by calculation. A detailed study of band diagrams is attributing this phenomenon to the presence of deaf bands, which cannot be excited by interdigitated fingers. This shows that the determination of these deaf bands is of critical importance in designing phononic crystals for practical applications.

Orientador: Hugo Luis Fragnito / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin. / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T16:20:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wiederhecker_GustavoSilva_D.pdf: 26845631 bytes, checksum: f23a4b48df09da35f76ca70361b0231d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Neste trabalho são investigadas técnicas para controlar o confinamento de fótons e fônons em fibras ópticas de cristal fotônico (PCF). Utilizando métodos numéricos robustos para resolver as equações de Maxwell, um novo tipo de PCF com núcleo tubular é proposto. Simulações e experimentos demonstram que esta estrutura confina a luz em um buraco de ar com diâmetro de apenas 110 nm. A figura de mérito para efeitos não-lineares nesta pequena região é 10 bilhões de vezes maior do que no caso de um feixe gaussiano altamente focalizado e 100 vezes maior que o atual estado-da-arte em fibras de band-gap fotônico. Também é analisada teoricamente uma fibra PCF do tipo kagomé. Modelos que explicam suas complexas características de guiamento são investigados de forma analítica e numérica. No que diz respeito à fônons em PCFs, é investigado o espalhamento Brillouin copropagante e contra-propagante. Em particular, são demonstradas maneiras de reduzir a interação acusto-óptica nos casos de co- e retro-espalhamento. Também é demonstrada a presença de band-gaps fonônicos nestas estruturas. Finalmente, é investigado o controle óptico coerente de modos acústicos nestas fibras, mostra-se que é possível amplificar ou frear modos acústicos com freqüência de oscilação na faixa de GHz. / Abstract: Techniques that may allow control and tight confinement of photons and phonons in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are investigated in this thesis. By means of robust numerical methods to solve Maxwell equations, a new kind of PCF with a tubular core is proposed. Simulations and experimental results show that such structure is able to confine light tighly inside the 100 nm bore, the nonlinear figure of merir for such tiny bore is found to be 10 billion fold larger the focused Gaussian beam counterpart, it is also 100 times larger than the state-of-the-art hollow core photonic band-gap fibers. The guidance mechanism of kagomé structure hollow-core PCF is also investigated, simple models are proposed to explain most of the experimentally observed features and compared to full numerical simulations. In what concerns phonons, both forward and backward Brillouin scattering is investi-gated in PCFs. It is demonstrated how one may suppress both using such fibers. It is also shown the existence of complete band-gaps for in-plane propagation in the PCF cladding. Another set of experiments show that one can perform coherent optical control of the acoustic modes of such fibers, 100-fold amplification or almost complete suppression of GHz oscillations is achieved. / Doutorado / Física / Doutor em Ciências

In this thesis, the propagation of transient waves in heterogeneous media and the tuning of periodic elastic materials are studied. The behaviour of time harmonic waves in complex media is a well understood phenomenon. The primary aim of this text is to gain a deeper understanding into the propagation of transient waves in periodic media. The secondary aim is to explore the time harmonic behaviour of two dimensional pre-stressed elastic media and investigate the plausibility of band gap tuning. We begin this text by investigating the reflection of pulses from a semi-infinite set of point masses (we call 'beads') on a string. The reflected pulse is formulated using Fourier transforms which involve the harmonic reflection coefficient. We find that the reflected amplitude of a harmonic wave depends on its frequency. We then ask whether it is possible to find an effective reflection coefficient by assuming the beaded portion of the string is given by some effective homogeneous medium. An effective reflection coefficient is found by assuming the homogeneous medium has the wavenumber given by the infinite beaded string. This effective reflection coefficient is compared to the exact reflection coefficient found using the Wiener-Hopf technique. The results from studying the reflection problem gave inspiration to chapter 4, which focuses on the time dependent forcing of an infinite beaded string that is initially at rest. We again use the Fourier transform to find a time dependent solution. The z-transform is then used, after sampling the solution at the bead positions. We impose a sinusoidal loading which is switched on at a specified time. In doing this we are able to explore how the system behaves differently when excited in a stop band, a pass band and at a frequency on the edge between the two. An exact solution for the infinite beaded string is found at any point in time by expanding the branch points of the solution as a series of poles. We compare this exact solution to the long time asymptotics. The energy input into the system is studied with the results from the exact solution and long time approximation showing agreement. Interesting behaviour is discovered on the two edges between stop and pass bands. In chapter 5 the effect of a nonlinear elastic pre-stress on the wave band structure of a two dimensional phononic crystal is investigated. In this chapter we restrict ourselves to incompressible materials with the strain energy functions used being the neo-Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin and Fung. The method of small-on-large is used to derive the equation for incremental elastic waves and then the plane wave expansion method is used to find the band structure. Finally, chapter 6 focuses on the same geometry with a compressible elastic material. The strain energy function used is the one suggested by Levinson and Burgess. We use the theory of small-on-large to derive the incremental equations for coupled small amplitude pressure and shear waves in this material. In both compressible and incompressible materials we show how it is possible to control the stop bands in a material by applying a large elastic pre-stress.

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<p>With the emergence of 5G/mm-Wave communication, there is a growing need for novel front-end electromechanical devices in filtering and carrier generation applications. CMOS-MEMS resonators fabricated using state-of-the-art Integrated Circuit (IC) manufacturing processes provide a significant advantage for power, area and cost savings. In this work, a comprehensive physics-based compact model capable of capturing the non-linear behaviour and other non-idealities has been developed for MEMS resonators seamlessly integrated in CMOS. As the first large signal model for CMOS-embedded resonators, it enables holistic design of MEMS components with advanced CMOS circuits as well as system-level performance evaluation within the framework of modern IC design tools. Global Foundries 14nm FinFET (GF14LPP) Resonant Body Transistors (fRBT) operating at 11.8 GHz are demonstrated and benchmarked against this large-signal electromechanical model. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Additionally, there is a growing interest in CMOS-integrable ferroelectric materials such as Hafnium Dioxide (HfO2) and Aluminum Scandium Nitride (AlScN) for next-generation memory and computation, as well as electromechanical transduction in CMOS-MEMS devices. This work also explores the performance of 700 MHz Ferroelectric Capacitor-based resonators in the Texas Instruments HPE035 process under high-power operating conditions. Identification of previously unreported characteristics, together with the first nonlinear large signal model for integrated ferroelectric resonators, provides insights on the design of frequency references and acoustic filters using ferroelectric transducers. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Extending the range of unreleased CMOS-MEMS resonators to lower frequency using novel design, we also investigate embedded transducers in chip-scale devices for physical sensing. We have simulated and modeled the transducer coupling for low-frequency propagating modes and benchmarked their projected performance against state-of-the-art conventional MEMS sensors. A new approach to phononic crystal (PnC) Interdigitated Transducers (IDTs) is presented emulating the acoustic dispersion in conventional ICs. Unloaded quality factors up to 15,000 have been measured in $\sim$80 MHz resonators, demonstrating their capacity for resonant rotation sensing. We present a unique methodology to amplify and collimate acoustic waves using CMOS-design-rule-compliant Graded Index (GRIN) Phononic IDTs. Ultimately, the CMOS-MEMS techniques presented in this work for both RF applications and physical sensing can facilitate additional functionality in standard CMOS and emerging 3D heterogeneously integrated (3DHI) ICs with minor or no modifications to manufacturing and packaging. This enables new paradigms in next-generation communications, internet of things (IoT), and hardware security.</p>

Στην παρούσα Διδακτορική Διατριβή διερευνώνται αριθμητικά δομές οι οποίες μπορούν να λειτουργήσουν ως φωνονικά ή φωτονικά υλικά. Βασικό χαρακτηριστικό των φωτονικών και των φωνονικών υλικών είναι η ύπαρξη χασμάτων συχνοτήτων στη διάδοση των ηλεκτρομαγνητικών και των ελαστικών κυμάτων αντίστοιχα διαμέσου των δομών αυτών. Αρχικά διερευνήθηκαν αριθμητικά δύο δομές οι οποίες έχουν ήδη χρησιμοποιηθεί ως φωτονικά υλικά και για τις οι οποίες εξετάστηκε κατά πόσο είναι εφικτή λειτουργία τους ως φωνονικά υλικά. Η πρώτη δομή είναι η πολύ γνωστή δομή κατά στρώσεις και η δεύτερη ένας ηχητικός κυματοδηγός «λωρίδα» (slot waveguide) επάνω στον οποίο δομείται ένας φωνονικός κρύσταλλος. Για τους αριθμητικούς υπολογισμούς χρησιμοποιήθηκε η μέθοδος των πεπερασμένων διαφορών στο πεδίο του χρόνου και υπολογίστηκαν το Φάσμα Μετάδοσης καθώς και το διάγραμμα Διασποράς. Στην μελέτη αυτή περιελήφθησαν αρκετά διαφορετικά υλικά όπως το πυρίτιο, η εποξειδική ρητίνη και το βολφράμιο. Διερευνήθηκε επίσης η επίδραση όλων των γεωμετρικών παραμέτρων των δομών. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι οι δομές αυτές φαίνεται να έχουν πολύ ελπιδοφόρα χαρακτηριστικά ως φωνονικοί κρύσταλλοι. Υπό ορισμένες προϋποθέσεις μάλιστα μπορεί να προκύψει πλήρες τρισδιάστατο χάσμα. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη ότι η συγκεκριμένες δομές είναι ήδη γνωστές για τη χρήση τους ως φωτονικοί κρύσταλλοι, η πεποίθηση για τη χρήση τους ταυτόχρονα ως φωτονικοί και φωνονικοί κρύσταλλοι καθίσταται βάσιμη. Στην συνέχεια, χρησιμοποιώντας ξανά τη μέθοδο των πεπερασμένων διαφορών στο πεδίο του χρόνου, μελετήθηκαν ενδεχόμενες εφαρμογές που θα μπορούσαν οι δομές αυτές να έχουν. Πιο συγκεκριμένα διερευνήθηκε αρχικά η ενδεχόμενη χρήση των φωνονικών κρυστάλλων ως αισθητήρες. Οι Ευαισθησίες αυτών των δομών υπολογίστηκαν από τις αλλαγές στα όρια των αντίστοιχων φωνονικών χασμάτων όταν ένα λεπτό φιλμ νερού (για την περίπτωση του αισθητήρα υγρασίας) προστεθεί στη δομή ή όταν οι δομές εμβαπτιστούν σε κάποιο υγρό (αισθητήρες υγρών). Μελετήθηκε επίσης για πρώτη φορά συγκεκριμένη ελαστοδυναμική συμπεριφορά της τρισδιάστατης δομής κατά στρώσεις. Τα αποτελέσματα που προέκυψαν παρουσιάζουν μια υψηλή τιμή στον λόγο της διαμήκους προς την εγκάρσια ταχύτητα του ήχου και μια ιδανική συμπεριφορά pentamode σε ένα εύρος συχνοτήτων. Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν σαφώς ότι η δομή κατά στρώσεις μπορεί να αποτελέσει και ένα πολύ σημαντικό ελαστοδυναμικό μεταϋλικό. Στην επόμενη ενότητα της Διδακτορικής διατριβής χρησιμοποιώντας την θεωρία συναρτησιακών πυκνότητας μελετήθηκε η φωνονική πυκνότητα καταστάσεων για υλικά τύπου γραφενίου όπως το silicene (σιλικένιο) και το germanene (γερμανένιο). Εξετάστηκαν οι περιπτώσεις στις οποίες άτομα πυριτίου ή γερμανίου στις δομές τύπου γραφενίου αντικαταστάθηκαν από άλλα άτομα της Ομάδας IV του Περιοδικού Πίνακα και διερευνήθηκε κατά πόσο οι προκύπτουσες δομές μπορούν να λειτουργήσουν ως φωνονικοί κρύσταλλοι με την εμφάνιση φωνονικών χασμάτων στην φωνονική πυκνότητα καταστάσεών τους. Εξετάστηκαν επίσης νανοσωλήνες άνθρακα και κυρίως οι ομοιότητές τους με τα υλικά τύπου γραφενίου. Βρέθηκε πως, για τις περιπτώσεις όπου η διάμετρος των νανοσωλήνων ξεπερνά το 1nm, παρουσιάζονται αρκετές ομοιότητες με τα υλικά τύπου γραφενίου. Στην τελευταία ενότητα της διατριβής διερευνώνται δομές στις οποίες μπορεί να παρατηρηθεί εντοπισμός του φωτός σε περιοχές κλίμακας νανομέτρων. Ένα σύστημα αποτελούμενο από δύο δίσκους πυριτίου με διάκενο να τους χωρίζει μερικά δέκατα του νανομέτρου μελετήθηκε πρώτο. Ο κανονικοποιημένος, αδιάστατος ενεργός όγκος καταστάσεων, V_eff, υπολογίστηκε για τους δύο χαμηλότερους συντονισμούς. Ο ενεργός όγκος καταστάσεων μειώνεται σημαντικά καθώς το χάσμα μεταξύ των δίσκων μεγαλώνει. Μελετάται επίσης μια δομή αποτελούμενη από έναν κυκλικό κυματοδηγό σχισμή ο οποίος σχηματίζεται μέσα σε έναν κυκλικό συντονιστή πυριτίου. Όπως προκύπτει από τα αριθμητικά αποτελέσματα η προτεινόμενη δομή μπορεί να εμφανίσει συντονισμούς με υψηλές τιμές του παράγοντα Q, αυξάνοντας έτσι την πεποίθηση πως η προτεινόμενη δομή μπορεί να αποτελέσει βάση για εφαρμογές σε οπτικές τηλεπικοινωνίες. / This thesis explores numerically structures that can act as phononic or photonic materials. A key feature of photonic and phononic materials is the existence of frequency gaps in propagation of electromagnetic waves and elastic waves respectively. Initially the functionality of two structures as phononic materials is numerically examined. Those structures have already been used as photonic materials. The first structure is the well-known layer-by-layer structure and the second is an acoustic strip waveguide onto which is considered one phononic crystal. For numerical calculations the Finite Difference Time Domain method was used. The transmission spectra and the band structure were calculated. Several different materials such as silicon, epoxy and tungsten were included in this study. It was also investigated the effect of all the geometric parameters of the structures. The results showed that these structures appear to have very promising features as phononic crystals. Under certain conditions it may even exists a full three-dimensional phononic band gap. Considering that those structures are already known for their use as photonic crystals, the belief for their use as both photonic crystals and phononic crystals becomes valid. Then, again using the Finite Difference Time Domain method, potential applications that these structures could have were also examined. Initially it was investigated the potential use of phononic crystals as sensors. The sensitivities of these structures were calculated from the changes in the boundaries of the respective phononic band gaps when a thin film of water (in the case of the humidity sensor) was added to the structure or when those structures immersed in a liquid (liquid sensors). Also studied for the first time the three-dimensional layer-by-layer structure for specific elastodynamic behavior. The results show a high value of the ratio of the longitudinal to the transverse speed of sound and an ideal pentamode behavior for a specific frequency range. The results clearly show that the layer-by-layer structure could be a very important elastodynamic metamaterial. In the next section of this thesis, the phonon density of states of graphene-like materials such as silicene and germanene is examined using density functional theory. Cases were silicon or germanium atoms on graphene-like structures are replaced by other group IV atoms and how these new structures could perform as nanoscale phononic crystals, creating phononic band gaps in their phonon density of states, are numerically investigated. Nanotubes were also examined and their similarities, especially for cases with diameters above 1nm, with the graphene-like materials were found. In the final section of this thesis structures which could confine light in nanometer areas were numerically examined. A system consisting of two silicon disks with in plane separation of a few tens of nanometers has been studied first. The normalized unitless effective mode volume, Veff, has been calculated for the two lowest whispering gallery modes resonances. The effective mode volume is reduced significantly as the gap between the disks decreases. It is also numerically examined a structure consisting of a circular slot waveguide which is formed into a silicon disk resonator. It is shown that the proposed structure could have high Q resonances thus raising the belief that it is a very promising candidate for optical interconnects applications.

[ES] La optomecánica de cavidades se ocupa de la interacción entre la luz y la materia a través del efecto de presión de radiación cuando las ondas ópticas y mecánicas implicadas están confinadas en una cavidad. En estos sistemas optomecánicos, la interacción entre fotones y fonones da lugar a multitud de fenómenos en función de las condiciones en las que se excita el sistema. En particular, se pueden obtener dos regímenes distintos en los que se puede, o bien absorber fonones (denominado como enfriamiento de la cavidad), o bien éstos se pueden amplificar (régimen conocido como calentamiento de la cavidad). El primer régimen puede usarse, por ejemplo, para reducir la ocupación térmica del sistema y se usa comúnmente para aplicaciones relativas al procesado de información cuántica. Sin embargo, la amplificación de fonones, que puede ser desarrollada a temperatura ambiente, ha permitido conseguir alcanzar incluso las condiciones necesarias para obtener láseres de fonones, lo cual permite poder usar esta característica como elemento de referencia en aplicaciones relativas al procesado de señales de radiofrecuencia (RF). En esta tesis se aborda el confinamiento simultáneo y la interacción de fotones y fonones en estructuras periódicas y en guías no suspendidas desarrolladas en sistemas CMOS compatibles basados en tecnología de silicio. A través del estudio experimental de estas estructuras periódicas, hemos demostrado que las cavidades optomecánicas pueden actuar como elementos clave en el dominio de la fotónica de microondas, donde todo el procesado de la información puede ser realizado en el dominio óptico a través de la manipulación de fonones en este sistema. En particular, mostramos que un solo oscilador optomecánico puede actuar tanto como un oscilador local y un mezclador de RF, y éste puede operar como un conversor de frecuencias de señales de cadenas de datos reales. Para mejorar esta funcionalidad, también se demuestra que es posible obtener tanto peines de frecuencias ópticos así como múltiples modos mecánicos confinados, aumentando así su rendimiento. Por otro lado, con el objetivo de poder solventar las posibles limitaciones de estos sistemas, en esta tesis también se exploran diferentes configuraciones que permiten la interacción acusto-óptica simultánea en la misma estructura. Específicamente, se analiza la interacción optomecánica en discos de alto índice que soportan estados cuasi-ligados en el continuo así como una propuesta de guías no suspendidas que soportan altas ganancias de Brillouin. Este último estudio debería permitir el desarrollo de sistemas optomecánicos no suspendidos donde el problema de la pérdida de fonones hacia el sustrato se resuelva, hecho que permitiría enormemente simplificar la fabricación de estos sistemas optomecánicos en chips de silicio así como su uso en múltiples aplicaciones. / [CA] L'optomecànica de cavitats s'ocupa de la interacció entre la llum i la matèria a través de l'efecte de pressió de radiació quan les ones òptiques i mecàniques implicades estan confinades en una cavitat. En aquests sistemes optomecànics, la interacció entre fotons i fonons dona lloc a multitud de fenòmens en funció de les condicions de les condicions en les quals s'excita el sistema. En particular, es poden obtindre dos règims diferents en els quals es pot, o bé, absorbir fonons (denominat com a refredament de la cavitat), o bé, es poden amplificar (règim conegut com a calfament de la cavitat). El primer règim pot usar-se, per exemple, per a reduir l'ocupació tèrmica del sistema i s'usa comunament per a aplicacions relatives al processament d'informació quàntica. No obstant això, l'amplificació de fonons, que pot ser desenvolupada a temperatura ambient, ha permés aconseguir fins i tot les condicions necessàries per a obtindre làsers de fonons, la qual cosa permet poder usar aquesta característica com a element de referència en aplicacions relatives al processament de senyals de radiofreqüència (RF). En aquesta tesi s'aborda el confinament simultani i la interacció de fotons i fonons en estructures periòdiques i en guies no suspeses en sistemes CMOS compatibles basats en tecnologia de silici. A través de l'estudi experimental d'aquestes estructures periòdiques, hem demostrat que les cavitats optomecàniques poden actuar com a elements clau en el domini de la fotònica de microones, on tot el processament de la informació pot ser realitzat en el domini òptic a través de la manipulació de fonons en aquest sistema. En particular, vam mostrar que només un oscil·lador optomecànic pot actuar tant com un oscil·lador local i un mesclador de RF, i aquest pot operar com un convertidor de freqüències de senyals de cadenes de dades reals. Per a millorar aquesta funcionalitat, també es demostra que és possible obtindre tant tren de freqüències òptics així com múltiples modes mecànics confinats, augmentant així el seu rendiment. D'altra banda, amb l'objectiu de poder solucionar les possibles limitacions d'aquests sistemes, en aquesta tesi també s'exploren diferents configuracions que permeten la interacció acusto-òptica simultània en la mateixa estructura. Específicament, s'analitza la interacció optomecànica en discos d'alt índex que suporten estats quasi-lligats en el continu així com una proposta de guies no suspeses que suporten altes ganancies de Brillouin. Aquest últim estudi hauria de permetre el desenvolupament de sistemes optomecànics no suspesos on el problema de la pèrdua de fonons cap al substrat es resolga, fet que permetria enormement simplificar la fabricació d'aquests sistema optomecànics en xips de silici així com el seu ús en diverses aplicacions. / [EN] Cavity optomechanics deals with the interaction of light and matter through the radiation pressure effect, when the involved optical and mechanical waves are confined in a cavity. In optomechanical systems, photon and phonon interaction give rise to a plethora of phenomena as a function of the driving conditions of the system. Relative to that, two distinctive regimes can be obtained which enable either the absorption of phonons (cavity cooling) or their amplification (cavity heating). The first regime can be used to reduce the thermal occupancy of the system and it is commonly used for quantum processing information applications. However, the amplification of phonons, which can be performed at room temperature, has enabled to even reach phonon lasing conditions, a feature that could be used as a reference element for RF processing applications. In this thesis, we address the simultaneous confinement and interaction of photons and phonons in periodic structures and unreleased waveguides on CMOS-compatible silicon-based technology. Throughout the experimental study of those periodic structures, we demonstrate that optomechanical cavities can perform as key blocks in the microwave photonics domain where all the information processing can be performed in the optical domain through phonon manipulation. In particular, we show that a single optomechanical oscillator can perform as both a local oscillator and an RF mixer, and it can operate as a frequency-converted of real data stream signals. To improve its performance, it is also demonstrated that optical frequency combs can be obtained by means of this system and multiple mechanical mode confinement can also be achieved, thus improving the functionality of the system. On the other hand, in order to fulfill the possible limitations of those systems, we explore different configurations enabling the simultaneous acousto-optic interaction together into the same structure. Especially, optomechanical interaction in high-index disks supporting quasi-bound states in the continuum is addressed, as well as a proposal of unreleased waveguides supporting strong Brillouin gains is also reported. The last one should lead to unreleased optomechanical interacting systems where the issue of phonon leakage into the substrate is solved, which could enormously simplify the fabrication of optomechanical systems in silicon chips as well as their practical use in multiple applications. / This work has been carried out under the framework of the H2020 FET-Open EU project PHENOMEN. This Thesis was also supported by the Programa de Ayudas de Investigación y Desarrollo (PAID-01-16) de la Universitat Politècnica de València / Mercadé Morales, L. (2021). Phonons Manipulation in Silicon Chips Using Cavity Optomechanics [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/171461 / TESIS