Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-29T23:16:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-12-14 / The climacteric is a phase that can be experienced with suffering, depending on individual sensitivity or psychological profile and ability to adapt to changes caused by hormonal changes. This study aims to understand the mental suffering of women in the climacteric stage while they are taken care by the professionals on the Strategy of Family Health (SFH) in Teresina - PI; understand the experience of the climacteric stage by those women, in its emotional, social, familiar, sexual and work related aspects; describe the SFH program as it is seen by the women in the climacteric stage. The study was conducted from May to September 2007, in the Health Unit of São João in Teresina PI. Ten women, users of SFH, who were experiencing hormonal changes due to climacteric, participated in the study. Data for this study were collected by direct observation and semi-structured interviews. It was based on Symbolic Interactionism, in the socio-historical and constructivist view of the subject. Interactionism relates to the action of the human being in relation to the world and the social dynamics between people. The socio-historical and constructivist vision designs the human being as active, social and protagonist of his own story. The women were identified with different marital situations, with the number of children ranging between three and five, low level of education, different occupational jobs, and family income of minimum wage or less to keep up a family of at least 4 members. The results revealed that the meaning of mental suffering is tied to the everyday experiences of these women in its emotional, social, familiar, sexual and work related aspects. Betrayal, separation and domestic violence mean mental suffering. By interacting with health professionals these women hope to give a new meaning to their suffering due to alcohol and other drugs, domestic violence, unemployment, depression, reduced self-esteem and sexual desire. Women who participated in this study give a new meaning to their experiences of mental suffering through attachment to religious practices as a way of making their pain more bearable and understandable. In the hope of integral health, the users of SFH need a careful look from the basic health care system and humanized interaction with health professionals. We know, however, that, for effectiveness of the new paradigm of health, there are still many challenges, contradictions and weaknesses to overcome. The big challenge is still to produce a different way of "doing health" and to produce "social subjects" committed to different perspectives. / O climatério é uma fase que pode ser vivenciada com sofrimento, dependendo da sensibilidade individual ou perfil psicológico e capacidade de adaptação às mudanças provocadas pelas alterações hormonais. O presente estudo tem como objetivos compreender o sofrimento psíquico de mulheres na fase do climatério as quais estiveram sob os cuidados realizados pela equipe Saúde da Família em Teresina PI; compreender a vivência da fase do climatério por mulheres usuárias de uma USF, em seus aspectos emocionais, sociais, familiares, sexuais e de trabalho; descrever como se processam os cuidados na Saúde da Família sob a ótica da mulher na fase do climatério. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no período de maio a setembro de 2007, na Unidade de Saúde São João, em Teresina PI com dez mulheres usuárias da SF vivenciando alterações decorrentes do climatério. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e observações diretas. Utilizou-se como referencial teórico o Interacionismo Simbólico, bem como a visão sociohistórica e construtivista do sujeito. O interacionismo aborda a ação do ser humano na relação com o mundo e a dinâmica social. A visão sociohistórica e construtivista concebe o homem como ativo, social e protagonista de sua própria história. As mulheres foram identificadas com diferentes situações maritais, com o número de filhos variando entre três e cinco, baixo nível de escolaridade, ocupações variadas e renda familiar em torno de um ou meio salário mínimo para o sustento, em média, de até quatro pessoas. Os resultados revelaram que o significado de sofrimento psíquico está atrelado às vivências cotidianas das mulheres em seus aspectos emocionais, sociais, familiares, sexuais e ocupacionais os quais estão relacionados com a traição, separação e violência doméstica. Na interação com os profissionais da saúde da família, essas mulheres buscam ressignificar sofrimentos relacionados ao alcoolismo e outras drogas, desemprego de familiares, depressão, isolamento, diminuição da auto-estima e do desejo sexual. Também ressignificam o sofrimento através da religiosidade, na qual buscam tornar suas dores mais suportáveis ou compreensíveis em relação à finitude e as dificuldades nas relações sociais, familiares e consigo mesma. As usuárias da SF solicitam um olhar cuidadoso para a atenção básica, interações humanizadas e acolhimento na perspectiva da saúde integral. Sabemos, no entanto, que, para a efetivação do novo paradigma de saúde, ainda existem inúmeras contradições e fragilidades. O grande desafio é, pois, adotar um modo diferente de fazer saúde , produzir sujeitos sociais comprometidos com outras perspectivas.

Les phosphoinositides (PIs) sont des phospholipides membranaires qui jouent un rôle crucial dans le contrôle de l'organisation spatio-temporelle de nombreuses voies de signalisation intracellulaire, du réarrangement du cytosquelette d'actine et du trafic de vésicules. Dans la plaquette, le métabolisme des PIs est particulièrement actif et génère, par le jeu de kinases, phosphatases et phospholipases spécifiques, des seconds messagers indispensables à l'activation plaquettaire, notamment le phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). La première partie de la thèse concerne l'étude des différentes espèces moléculaires (composition en acides gras) des 4 grandes classes de PIs (PI, PIP, PIP2 et PIP3) dans les plaquettes humaines et de souris au repos ou lors de leur activation. Cette analyse, jamais réalisée précédemment, a été possible grâce à une technique de spectrométrie de masse (LC-MS), basée sur la méthylation avec le TMS-diazomethane des groupements phosphates des PIs. Cette étude montre une augmentation rapide et transitoire de 2 espèces moléculaires majoritaires de PIP3 lors d'une stimulation plaquettaire avec une réactivité différente des plaquettes humaines et de souris en réponse aux agonistes plaquettaires (thrombine et CRP). En utilisant des modèles murins présentant une inactivation des PI3-kinases (PI3K) dans la lignée mégacaryocytaire et des inhibiteurs spécifiques de PI3K, j'ai montré que l'isoforme PI3Kß (p110ß) de classe I est très majoritairement responsable de la production des diverses espèces moléculaires de PI(3,4,5)P3 en réponse à la thrombine ou au CRP alors que la PI3Ka (p110a) est faiblement impliquée. Les résultats montrent également une grande variété d'espèces moléculaires de PI et seulement 2 espèces moléculaires prédominantes pour les PIP, PIP2 et PIP3, aussi bien chez l'homme que chez la souris malgré des régimes alimentaires très différents. Nous montrons des différences importantes dans le métabolisme des espèces moléculaires de PI, PIP et PIP2 dans les plaquettes humaines et de souris lors de la stimulation. Dans cette étude, nous avons identifié pour la première fois des espèces moléculaires minoritaire de PIP2 mais qui augmentent de façon importante lors de la stimulation plaquettaire. Ce travail permet de dresser la première cartographie des différentes espèces moléculaires de PIs présents dans les plaquettes humaines et de souris et les modifications induites par leur activation. La deuxième partie de la thèse montre pour la première fois une localisation atypique du phosphatidylinositol 3- monophosphate (PI3P), dans le feuillet externe de la membrane plasmique plaquettaire. Je démontre que ce lipide minoritaire (environ 10% de PIP), connu pour être intracellulaire et impliqué dans le trafic vésiculaire, est également présent à la surface des plaquettes au repos. Aucun autre PI n'a pu être détecté dans le feuillet externe de la membrane plasmique plaquettaire. Ce résultat a été obtenu en utilisant différentes sondes fluorescentes se liant spécifiquement au PI3P et leurs contrôles mutées. Nous montrons que le traitement des plaquettes avec des enzymes métabolisant spécifiquement le PI3P (MTM1 et ABH) réduit significativement ce pool de PI3P. Les plaquettes de souris déficientes en PI3K de classe II et III présentent une diminution du PI3P de surface. De manière intéressante, ce pool externe de PI3P permet l'endocytose des protéines circulantes liant le PI3P, in vitro, ex vivo et in vivo. Les sondes PI3P spécifiques internalisées dans la plaquette sont stockées dans les granules a puis sécrétées lors de l'activation plaquettaire. Cette étude montre que le PI3P se comporte comme un récepteur permettant l'endocytose de protéines plasmatiques spécifiques. / Phosphoinositides (PIs) are membrane phospholipids that play a crucial role in controlling the spatiotemporal organization of many intracellular signaling pathways, actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, and vesicle trafficking. In platelet, the metabolism of PIs is highly active and generates, by the interplay of specific kinases, phosphatases and phospholipases, second messengers essential for platelet activation, in particular phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). The first part of the thesis concerns the study of the different molecular species (fatty-acyl composition) of 4 PIs classes (PI, PIP, PIP2 and PIP3) in resting and stimulated human and mouse platelets. This analysis, never realized previously, was possible thanks to a mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique, based on methylation of PIs phosphates groups with TMS- diazomethane. This study shows a rapid and transient increase in the 2 major molecular species of PIP3 during platelet stimulation with a different reactivity of human and mice platelets according to the used agonists (thrombin and CRP). Using mice models with selective deletion of PI3-kinases (PI3K) in the megakaryocyte lineage and specific PI3K inhibitor, I showed that the class I PI3Kß (p110ß) is the major isoform responsible for the production of the various molecular species of PIP3 in response to thrombin or CRP whereas class I PI3Ka (p110a) is weakly involved. The results also show a large variety of molecular species of PI while only 2 predominant molecular species for PIP, PIP2 and PIP3, both in humans and mice platelets despite very different diet. We show a significant difference in terms of PI, PIP and PIP2 molecular species metabolism in human and mice platelets during stimulation. In this study, we identified for the first time the presence of low-abundance molecular species of PIP2 but which increase significantly during platelet stimulation. This work constitutes the first comprehensive analysis of PIs molecular species and the changes in their actual mass during platelet stimulation. The second part of the thesis shows for the first time an atypical localization of phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P), in the outer leaflet of the platelet plasma membrane. I demonstrate that this minor lipid (about 10% of PIP), known to be intracellular and involved in vesicular trafficking, is also present at the surface of resting platelet. No other PIs could be detected in the outer leaflet of the platelet plasma membrane. This result was obtained using fluorescent probes binding specifically to PI3P and their mutated controls. Treatment of platelets with PI3P specific metabolizing enzymes (MTM1 and ABH) significantly reduced this particular pool of PI3P. Class II and III PI3K deficient mouse platelets showed a decrease in surface PI3P. Interestingly, this external pool of PI3P was able to mediate endocytosis of circulating PI3P- binding proteins, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. Internalized specific PI3P probes were stored into platelets a-granules and could then be secreted during platelets activation. This study shows that PI3P acts as a receptor allowing endocytosis of specific plasma proteins.

The generation of wind energy deliberately becomes a significant part of generated electrical power in developed nations. Factors like fluctuation in natural wind speed and the use of power electronics present issues related power quality in wind turbine application. Following to the fact that there have been remarkable increase of wind energy in the electrical energy production worldwide, the effect on power quality and power system stability caused by wind power is considered significant, and hence the evaluation of this effect is crucial and obligatory. In order to examine and evaluate the characteristics of power quality of grid-integration of wind power in a persistent and authentic manner, several guidelines were introduced and established. One of the widely used guideline to define power quality of wind turbine is IEC standard 61400-21. Moreover, power system operator demands wind turbines to tolerate a certain voltage dip in some countries. The wind turbines concepts such as doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine and the direct driven wind turbine wind turbine with a permanent magnet synchronous generator are considered as the most promising concepts among other wind turbine types since they can operate in wide range of wind speed. The major goal of this PhD work is to examine the power quality character aspects of these wind turbine concepts. The power quality problems were calculated according to that devised by IEC- 61400-21 and then compared afterwards. The research includes the evaluation of the following power quality characteristics: voltage dip response, current harmonics distortion, control of active and reactive power and voltage flicker. Besides the IEC-standard 61400-21, the study also looks into the short-circuit current and fault-ride through with specifications provided by some grid codes, as power system stability is greatly influenced by these aspects. In order to achieve the research's goal, a reliable dynamic model of wind turbine system and control are required. Thus a complete model for both wind turbines systems was developed in PSCAD/EMTDC simulation-program which is the fanatical power system analysis tool, which can achieve a complete simulation of the system dynamic behaviour from the wind turbine. Two controllers are adopted for wind turbine system, converter control and pitch angle control. The converter controlled by a vector control in order to regulate the active and the reactive power whereas the pitch control scheme is put to function to limit the aerodynamic power in high wind speed. The ability of providing adequate state steady and dynamic performances are what wind turbine assures, as examined by simulation results, and via this, problems related to power quality caused by integrating wind turbines to the grid can be studied by wind turbine model.

This study presents a corpus-based analysis of the use of “wh” sentences by language learners, in language textbooks and in authentic written discourse. It focuses on the polysemeous nature of “wh” words, which can be usedas interrogatives, declaratives and to introduce subordinate clauses. The analysis of “wh” sentences in EFL textbooks showed that there are more prototypical examples at low proficiency levels. When teaching the interrogative, textbooks focus almost exclusively on grammatical words, particularly at the beginners’ level. The analysis of “wh” sentences elicited from Chinese speaking learners of English and Expert users of English suggested that the prototypical structure is very strong in both sets of data, although native speakers tend to use more prefabricated chunks of language. The analysis of “wh” sentences from native speakers and non-native speakers’ written corpora suggested that subordinate clauses are strongly present in both corpora, except for the word “why” in non-native speakers’ data. The use of different words occurring immediately after “wh” words in the two corpora can be explained by (1) the relatively small vocabulary size of the L2 speakers; (2) non-native speakers’ lack of awareness of restricted collocations; (3) L1 transfer; (4) over/under-generalization of rules and (5) textbooks.

In this thesis, I have examined the screen translation of Japanese politeness into Cantonese dubbing as well as Chinese subtitling at three difference levels: (a) face threatening acts; (b) frequently used politeness markers and (c) discernment aspect of politeness. It is not difficult to find equivalents in the target languages for the politeness strategies exploited in dealing with face threatening acts. However, the indirectness expressed through certain commonly adopted politeness markers (such as negative interrogative) in Japanese cannot be conveyed into our target languages easily. Translators also encounter some difficulties when they deal with the discernment aspect of Japanese politeness (i.e. the distinction between plain, formal and honorific form). Both target languages are able to distinguish politeness of two levels instead of three as observed in the Japanese original. Finally, the screen translation, especially the dubbed version, of the two films that I examined demonstrates the dual role of a translated text as not only a reproduction of the original text but also a text which has its function in the target culture.

No description available.

With the recent advancement of deep learning, the performance of object detection techniques has greatly increased in both speed and accuracy. This has made it possible to run highly accurate object detection with real time speed on modern desktop computer systems. Recently, there has been a growing interest in developing smaller and faster deep neural network architectures suited for embedded devices. This thesis explores the suitability of running object detection on the Raspberry Pi 3, a popular embedded computer board. Two controlled experiments are conducted where two state of the art object detection models SSD and YOLO are tested in how they perform in accuracy and speed. The results show that the SSD model slightly outperforms YOLO in both speed and accuracy, but with the low processing power that the current generation of Raspberry Pi has to offer, none of the two performs well enough to be viable in applications where high speed is necessary.

We have investigated the size-dependent stability and structure of benzene, aluminum-benzene, and vanadium-benzene clusters. Motivated by gas-phase experimental studies performed by an experimental collaborator, we have used first-principle electronic structure methods to identify the structure of Al+(Bz)n, V+(Bz)n, and Bzn clusters. Our studies reveal that cationic aluminum-benzene clusters have a magic number of 13, and that its high stability may be understood by analyzing the structure of the cluster. We also investigate the structure of vanadium-benzene clusters which have a magic number of 2. Here I examine the benzene-cation and benzene-benzene interactions that lead to these magic numbers, as well as their geometric shell structures and their formation/solvation.

<p>När vi hör ordet coachning associerar vi det ofta med idrott. När vi tänker på en coach tänkervi ofta på en hockeytränare eller en fotbollstränare. Studien som du nu håller i din handkommer att redogöra för en aspekt av coachning som inte är lika välkänt i vidare kretsarnämligen ledarcoachning. Ledarcoachning syftar till att hjälpa den coachade ledaren attutvecklas och bli mer effektiv i sitt arbete genom aktiv coachning som karaktäriseras avfeedback och utveckling. Fokus ligger alltså på en relation mellan coachen och deltagaren ochinte på att coachen ska lära deltagaren om rätt och fel sätt att sköta saker.</p><p>Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka effekter av coachning på ledare inom professionellaorganisationer och jämföra coachningeffekterna med förändrade personlighetsdrag hosdeltagarna, samt dra slutsatser om vilka coachningeffekter som kan kopplas till förändradepersonlighetsdrag.</p><p>Ovanstående leder oss till följande frågeställning: hur förändras en ledare genom ettcoachningprogram?</p><p>Den teoretiska referensramen inkluderar tidigare studier angående effekter av ledarcoachningsamt ett verktyg för att mäta personlighetsdrag kallat NEO PI-R vilket baseras påfemfaktormodellen.</p><p>Studien har genomförts som en fallstudie på coachen Thomas Karlssons företag TKLedarguide AB och dess coachningverksamhet. Vi har använt oss av kvalitativa intervjuermed respondenter som genomgått Karlssons program, parallellt med intervjuerna har vi låtitden coachade ledaren samt några av dennes medarbetare genomföra en enkät som syftar tillatt mäta förändrade personlighetsdrag enligt femfaktormodellen.</p><p>Våra slutsatser kan sammanfattas enligt följande lista:</p><ul><li>Ledarna skattar sin egen förändring i linje med våra teoretiska antaganden.</li><li>Ledarna skattar oftast sin egen förändring högre än medarbetarna gör.</li><li>Medarbetarna skattar de största förändringarna inom Samvetsgrannhet.</li><li>Coachningprogrammet är en arena för reflektion.</li><li>Efter coachningprogrammet visar ledarna på en hög nivå av Extraversion.</li><li>Lyhördhet och Sällskaplighet har varit de faktorer som förändrats minst.</li></ul><p>Då vi har tolkat Karlssons coachningprogram att likna andra ledarcoachningprogram har vi kunnat föra en resultatgivande diskussion kring resultatens överförbarhet till andracoachningprogram.</p>

<p>Projektet har med uppdrag av WSP utförts i syfte att testa och utvärdera ett nytt tillvägagångssätt för volymbestämning av vanligtvis terrestert inmätta objekt. Det nya konceptet innebär att med hjälp av fotogrammetriprogramvaran PI-3000 och, på lämpligt sätt, insamlat digitalt flygbildsmaterial utföra volymbestämningar på objekt av intresse. Detta i syfte att ersätta den normalt terrestert utförda metoden för att göra framförallt tids- och kostnadsbesparingar. I syftet ingick även att jämföra skillnader i resultat av framtagna 3D-modeller och dess beräknade volymer vid användandet av två olika flygburna system. Dessa utgjordes dels av en traditionell variant i form av ett vanligt Cessnaflygplan och dels av en UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) vid namn Microdrone md4-200.</p><p>För att kunna utföra jämförelserna genomfördes ett mätprojekt där två stenhögar i en bergtäkt utgjorde testobjekt. Volymbestämningarna utfördes med både nytt och gammalt koncept för att kunna jämföras mot varandra med avsikt på skillnader i tid, kostnad och noggrannhet.</p><p>Resultatet av volymjämförelserna påvisar en god noggrannhet från PI-3000 som, i kombination med "traditionella" flygfoton, gav en felavvikelse på mindre än 1,5 % jämfört med den terrestra metodens resultat. Volymjämförelser med bilder tagna från Microdronesystemet gick tyvärr inte att utföra då testflygningen inte gick bra.</p><p>För att uppnå bästa möjliga noggrannhet vid volymberäkningen är det av högsta vikt att man placerar ut den tänkta bottennivån med avsikt att efterlikna den verkliga markytan så bra som möjligt.</p><p>Beräkningarna visar att det nya konceptet ger stora tidsbesparingar jämfört mot det gamla, oavsett vilken flygmetod som används till insamlingen av det digitala fotomaterialet.</p><p>I kostnadsjämförelserna visade sig Microdronemetoden vara knappt hälften så kostnadskrävande jämfört med såväl Cessnametoden som den terrestra. Detta framförallt beroende på att sammanlagd arbetstid med Microdronemetoden blir betydligt kortare jämfört mot den terrestra varianten, samtidigt som den inte har några kostnader för fotograferingen som i Cessnametodens fall. Kostnadsjämförelsen bör dock betraktas med en viss försiktighet då inköpspriset för Microdronesystemet inte tagits med i beräkningarna.</p><p> </p> / <p>This project has been assigned by WSP carried out in order to test and evaluate a new concept with purpose to determine the volume of usually terrestrial measured objects. The new concept involves the use of the photogrammetry software PI-3000 and, in an appropriate way, collected digital aerial photographs in order to determine the volume of objects of interest. This in order to replace the usually terrestrial performed method to mainly achieve time and cost savings. The purpose was also to compare differences in the result of 3D-models and its calculated volumes with the use of two different airborne systems. They consisted of one traditional aerial photography-method using an ordinary Cessna aircraft, and one with use of a UAV (Unmanned aerial vehicle) called Microdrone md4-200.</p><p>In order to make the comparisons we carried out a survey project where two heaps of stones in a stone well figurated as test objects. To determine the differences in time, costs and accuracy, the volume of the two geometric bodies had to be calculated using both the new and the old concept.</p><p>The result of the volume comparisons shows a good accuracy from the PI-3000 which, in combination with "conventional" aerial photographs, gave a declination of less than 1,5 % compared to the result of the terrestrial method. Unfortunately were the photos taken by the Microdrone system during the test flight not good enough to use for volume calculations.</p><p>In order to achieve the best possible accuracy when calculating the volume, it is very important to deploy the imagined ground level with the intent to simulate the real ground level as good as possible.</p><p>The calculations shows that the new concept offers great timesaving's compared to the old one, regardless of which method of flight being used for the collecting of digital photos.</p><p>In the comparison of costs the method using Microdrone proved to be barely half as expensive compared to the terrestrial as well as the Cessna method. This is due primarily to that the working time for the Microdrone method is much shorter compared to the terrestrial method, and at the same time, it has no costs for the aerial photographing as in the case of the Cessna method. The cost comparison should be taken under consideration because of the fact that the purchase price of the Microdrone system has not bee included in the calculations.</p><p> </p>