Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Untersuchung des Foulardierprozesses zur chemischen Nassausrüstung von Vliesstoffen bei Warengeschwindigkeiten bis zu 250 m/min. Hintergrund ist die abweisende Ausrüstung von Polypropylen-Spinnvliesstoffen für die Anwendung als Operationskittel. Wo bislang nach dem Stand der Technik eine Veredlung bei Lohnausrüstern bei geringen Warengeschwindigkeiten durchgeführt wurde, zeigt die Tendenz in der Vliesstoffindustrie in Richtung der eigenen Prozessbeherrschung. Eine grundlegende Voraussetzung, um den Foulardierprozess für diese Anwendung nutzbar zu machen, ist die Kenntnis über die Prozesseigenschaften bei den geforderten hohen Warengeschwindigkeiten. Für den abzudeckenden Versuchsraum mit sechs Einflussgrößen bei jeweils drei Faktorstufen wurde mittels der Methodik der statistischen Versuchsplanung ein D-optimaler Versuchsplan erstellt. Die Versuchsdurchführung erfolgte auf einem in eine Technikumsanlage eingebundenen Foulard mit horizontaler Walzenanordnung. Für jede der sieben Zielgrößen wurde auf Grundlage der erhaltenen Messwerte eine lineare Regressionsanalyse erstellt und ausgewertet. Eine detaillierte Analyse und Diskussion der Regressionsmodelle liefert Informationen zu Wirkungsrichtung und Intensität der einzelnen Einflussgrößen sowie zu Faktor-Faktor-Wechselwirkungen. / The subject of the work presented here is the study of the padding process for the chemical wet finishing of nonwovens at web speeds up to 250 m/min. Background to the topic is the repellent treatment of polypropylene spunbond nonwovens applied for surgical gowns. Finishing carried out at subcontractors corresponding to best practice technology up to now, the trend in the nonwovens industry is turning towards an in-house process mastery. Essential requirement to make the padding process technologically exploitable for this kind of application is the knowledge of the process characteristics at the high web speeds claimed. For the experimental scenario to be covered comprising six determining factors at three level steps each, a D-optimal trial plan was defined using the statistic method of the design of experiments (DOE). The realization of the trials carried out on a padder with horizontal roll arrangement installed in a pilot line. For each of the seven responses a linear regression analyses was compiled and evaluated. A detailed analysis and discussion of the regression models provides information on direction of influence as well as intensity of each of the determining factors and factor-factor-interactions.

Submitted by WALDEMAR PEREIRA MATHIAS NETO null (waldemarmathias@gmail.com) on 2016-10-04T02:26:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MATHIAS-NETO-TESE-2016.pdf: 2428868 bytes, checksum: 0bbed2a47b06389d32f691db8e5364cd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-10-07T13:22:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mathiasneto_wp_dr_ilha.pdf: 2428868 bytes, checksum: 0bbed2a47b06389d32f691db8e5364cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-07T13:22:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mathiasneto_wp_dr_ilha.pdf: 2428868 bytes, checksum: 0bbed2a47b06389d32f691db8e5364cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-05 / Fundação de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão de Ilha Solteira (FEPISA) / Os modernos sistemas aéreos de distribuição de energia elétrica são projetados para operar com altos índices de confiabilidade. Todavia, interrupções de fornecimento podem ocorrer a qualquer momento e causadas pelos mais diversos fatores, tais como, vendavais, árvores, ou ainda, colisão de veículos com a rede. Portanto, para garantir o mínimo impacto destas interrupções nos índices de confiabilidade da rede, áreas sem fornecimento devem ser reenergizadas tão rá- pido quanto possível. Este processo de reenergização do sistema é comumente denominado restauração. O principal objetivo do processo de restauração é restabelecer o maior número de cargas, no menor intervalo de tempo possível, por meio de uma sequência de aberturas e fechamentos de chaves de manobras. A existência de um conjunto de chaves seccionadoras estrategicamente posicionadas na rede permite que a estrutura malhada dos sistemas de distribuição opere com topologias radiais. Portanto, a execução de uma sequência de manobras é capaz de alterar a topologia radial da rede e restabelecer as cargas previamente sem fornecimento de energia. Este trabalho propõe uma nova metodologia para solução do problema de restauração de sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica baseado no uso conjunto da meta-heurística de busca tabu, a representação nó-profundidade (RNP) e seus operadores PAO e CAO. Os operadores da RNP são empregados para originar a vizinhança da meta-heurística de busca tabu. Um novo operador foi introduzido e alterações nos demais operadores foram realizadas para possibilitar soluções factíveis em sistemas com alto carregamento. O problema é formulado através de um modelo não linear inteiro misto e considera a minimização dos custo da interrupção não programada como objetivo do problema. Os limites operacionais da rede são avaliados durante o intervalo previsto para a rede permanecer no estado restaurativo. Estes limites caracterizam as restrições do problema. Ao modelo matemático foi incluído a geração distribuída e cargas remotamente controladas como ferramentas de apoio à restauração. Os geradores distribuídos são modelados através de curvas horárias de geração, em função de sua tecnologia, e as cargas são modeladas através de curvas que consideram o perfil de consumo. Adicionalmente, cargas controladas termostaticamente também foram incluídas ao modelo. Por fim, a técnica de solução proposta é avaliada através de um sistema teste baseado no sistema de distribuição IEEE de 37 barras em oito diferentes cenários. Os resultados obtidos indicam a viabilidade da metodologia para a solução do problema de restauração de sistemas de distribui- ção. / The modern overhead power distribution systems are designed to operate with high reliability indices. However, power outages may occur at any time and caused by several factors, such aswindstorms, trees or vehicle collision with the network. Therefore, to ensure minimal impact of these interruptions in network reliability indices, out-of-service areas, which are not affected by the permanent fault, should be re-energized as fast as possible. The process of system reenergizing is called restoration. The main purpose of restoration process is to restore the largest amount of load, as fast as possible, through a sequence of switching actions. The existence of several switchgears, strategically allocated in the network, allows the meshed distribution systems work with radial topologies. Therefore, performing a sequence of maneuvers, automatically or manually, may change the radial grid topology and restore the loads previously without a power supply. This work proposes a new methodology to solve the distribution system restoration problem based on the joint use of tabu search meta-heuristic, the node-depth encoding (NDE) and its operators (PAO and CAO). The NDE operators are used to buid the neighborhood of tabu search meta-heuristic. A new operator was introduced and changes in other operators were carried out to allow feasible solutions in systems with heavy loading. The proposed mathematical model minimize the cost of unscheduled outage aim of the problem. The problem of restrictions are characterized by the operating limits of the network and evaluated periodically while the network remains in the restorative state. Additionally, the use of distributed generation and controlled remotely loads are considered to support the restoration tools. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear mixed-integer model. The main goal is minimize the cost of unscheduled interruption. The operating limits of the network are evaluated while it remains in the restorative state.. These limits characterize the constraints of the problem. At the mathematical model was included distributed generation and loads remotely controlled as support tools. The distributed generators are modeled by its hourly curves and the loads are modeled through curves with their consumption profile. Additionally, controlled thermostatically loads were also included into the mathematical model. Finally, the proposed solution is evaluated through a modified test system based on the IEEE 37-bus feeder test system. Eight different scenarios was evaluated. The results indicate the feasibility of the methodology to solve the distribution systems restoration problem. / FEPISA: 011/2011

Orientador: José Roberto Sanches Mantovani / Resumo: Os modernos sistemas aéreos de distribuição de energia elétrica são projetados para operar com altos índices de confiabilidade. Todavia, interrupções de fornecimento podem ocorrer a qualquer momento e causadas pelos mais diversos fatores, tais como, vendavais, árvores, ou ainda, colisão de veículos com a rede. Portanto, para garantir o mínimo impacto destas interrupções nos índices de confiabilidade da rede, áreas sem fornecimento devem ser reenergizadas tão rá- pido quanto possível. Este processo de reenergização do sistema é comumente denominado restauração. O principal objetivo do processo de restauração é restabelecer o maior número de cargas, no menor intervalo de tempo possível, por meio de uma sequência de aberturas e fechamentos de chaves de manobras. A existência de um conjunto de chaves seccionadoras estrategicamente posicionadas na rede permite que a estrutura malhada dos sistemas de distribuição opere com topologias radiais. Portanto, a execução de uma sequência de manobras é capaz de alterar a topologia radial da rede e restabelecer as cargas previamente sem fornecimento de energia. Este trabalho propõe uma nova metodologia para solução do problema de restauração de sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica baseado no uso conjunto da meta-heurística de busca tabu, a representação nó-profundidade (RNP) e seus operadores PAO e CAO. Os operadores da RNP são empregados para originar a vizinhança da meta-heurística de busca tabu. Um novo operador foi introduzido e ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor

Ces travaux de thèse visent à trouver des solutions pour minimiser autant que possible la présence de microporosités dans les alliages aéronautiques conventionnels et nouveaux. Ces microporosités résultent notamment de la réaction de l’aluminium liquide, durant la phase de coulée, avec l’hydrogène apportée par la vapeur d’eau contenue dans les réfractaires. La plupart de ces produits sont des bétons hydrauliques à matrice cimentaire alumineuse. Dans une première étape, l’identification physico-chimique et minéralogique des matériaux et des produits élaborés a été réalisée. Le comportement thermo-hydrique de différentes de bétons et de pâtes cimentaires durcies a ensuite été étudié par des essais de reprise d'humidité réalisés dans diverses conditions hygrothermiques, y compris à températures élevées (300°C). On montre ainsi que les variations hydriques dépendent fortement de la nature du liant, en particulier de sa teneur en alumine. Les phénomènes de physisorption et chimisorption sont mobilisés. Parallèlement, le comportement thermique d'une goulotte réfractaire a été modélisé, première étape pour quantifier les transferts de vapeur d’eau au sein des matériaux. Des mesures continues de température et de pression ont été obtenues sur des éprouvettes de pâtes et de bétons diversement conditionnées, placées au contact d’une frette métallique maintenue à 700°C. D’autres mesures ont été faites. Elles ont consisté à immerger des échantillons (pâtes et bétons), préalablement conservés dans différentes conditions hygrothermiques, dans l’aluminium liquide, afin de comparer leur réactivité en termes de relargage d’hydrogène, d’oxygène et de vapeur d’eau / This thesis aims to find solutions to minimize as much as possible the presence of micro-porosities in conventional and new aerospace alloys. These micro-porosities resulting especially from the reaction of the molten aluminum, during the casting phase, with the hydrogen provided by the steam contained in the refractory castables. Most of these castables are composites obtained with hydraulic binders based on aluminous cements. Firstly, a physico-chemical and mineralogical characterization of the basic materials and processed products was performed. Then, the thermo-hydric behavior of different castables and hardened cement pastes (principal source of the physical water and the chemical water) was then studied by moisture pick up tests made in various hygrothermal conditions, including at high temperatures (300 °C). It was shown that the hydric variations amplitudes strongly depend on the binder’s nature, in particular on its alumina content. The phenomena of physisorption and chemisorption are mobilized. Meanwhile, the transient thermal behavior in the time through the thickness of a refractory launder was modeled as a first step to quantify the water vapor transfer in the materials. Continuous measurements of temperature and pressure were obtained on pastes and concretes samples variously packged, placed in contact with a heated metal band maintained at 700 °C. Other measurements were made. They consisted into immersing samples (cement pastes and castables), previously stored in different hygrothermal conditions in liquid aluminum, in order to compare their reactivity in terms of release of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor

<p>  </p> <p>Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder that occurs in about 1/89,000 to 1/120,000 live births and is characterized by an aberrant accumulation of cholesterol within the late endosome/lysosome of cells. Symptoms of this disease include splenomegaly, neurological deterioration, and often death before adulthood. Mutations in the membrane bound NPC1 or luminal NPC2 proteins lead to a decrease in cholesterol efflux within the lysosomes by which excess cholesterol crystallizes within membranes resulting in cell death. It has been demonstrated that increasing the amount of the lysosomal specific phospholipid Bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate (BMP), also known as Lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), in cells increases the rate of cholesterol transport in <em>npc1</em>-/- cells, but not in <em>npc</em>2-/- cells, indicating a strong synergistic relationship between the NPC2 protein and the lysosomal membranes. Increasing the amount of phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), a hypothesized precursor to BMP, has also shown an increase in cholesterol egress. While it is hypothesized that the increase in cholesterol clearance in the latter is due to the biosynthesis of LBPA from PG, there is no study to directly confirm this phenomenon. Therefore, we set out to synthesize diastereochemically pure PG containing isotopically labeled oleyl acyl chains to examine LBPA levels using lipidomic analysis of <em>npc1-/-</em> cells post treatment with PG. </p> <p>Initially, efforts centered around the use of phosphoramidite methodology commonly encountered in DNA oligonucleotide synthesis. While this route proved to be successful in making PG in modest yield (52%), reproducibility of this route with consistent yields was hindered due to the use of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) in the final global deprotection step. Thus, we set out to discover a phosphorylated intermediate that did not require TBAF in the final step or contain easily hydrolysable protecting groups. It was discovered that H-phosphonate methodology using diphenyl phosphite for phosphorylation of the glycerol headgroup and backbone proved to be robust enough for PG synthesis. In this strategy, PG can be isolated in two steps from the final protected intermediate by first oxidizing the H-phosphonate from PIII to PV followed by deprotection of the glycerol head group under acidic conditions. Additionally, the H-phosphonate strategy also allowed us to omit headgroup modification prior to phosphorylation which reduced the number of synthetic steps from 11 steps to 7 steps. As a result, we were able to synthesize diastereochemically pure PG more consistently than the previous route in 75% yield. The route was further modified further to incorporate asymmetric acyl chains allowing the selective installation of a labeled acyl chain on the <em>sn</em>-1 or <em>sn</em>-2 positions of the phosphoglycerol backbone. The results from the lipidomic experiments indicate that increased LBPA concentrations in cells rise upon incubation with labeled PG. Additionally, increases in lyso-PG and acyl-PG are also observed leading to several hypotheses on how LBPA might be synthesized from PG. Future directions on this effort include identification of phospholipid species made from PG containing asymmetrically labeled acyl chains.  Synthesis of photoaffinity labeled PG is also underway to determine the protein partners involved in PG metabolism.</p>

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Since more and more customers switch to online purchases, the last-mile delivery problemhas created a huge burden on companies and cities. The increasing parcel delivery leads toextra operational costs in logistics and congestion in cities. IKEA, the furniture retailcompany, is going to propose a project – IKEA Urban Multi Hub to solve this problem byallowing customers to carry back orders themselves. This study collaborates with IKEA toinvestigate and formulate a robust hub that customers are willing to visit. The aim of thisresearch is to identify appropriate locations for the hub and possible future mobility that thehub should provide. Moreover, develop concepts and strategies for two cities - Shanghai cityand New York City.Research and customer interview were fundamental parts of this project. The research partincludes literature review and background that helps to preliminary clarify urban conditions,possible future mobility, and travel behavior. The customer interview part investigatescustomers’ preferences in two selected cities which helps to realize their needs and gaininspiration. The results showed that clustering with metro stations and providingautonomous mobility may create a smooth customer self-delivery experience for IKEA UrbanMulti Hub. Besides, cooperating with logistic companies can reduce the operation risk of theHub and strengthen the business model. Further concepts and strategies developed for twoselected cities are described in the thesis.

There are different transportations in the city logistics (e.g., passengers, freights, and wastes), which are handled respectively by single-purpose vehicles (SVs) of the corresponding type. The multi-purpose vehicle (MV) is a future concept whose load modules can be changed for different urban transportations. MVs enable the sequential sharing of different mobilities, thus theoretically improving the efficacy of the city logistics by higher utilization of vehicles. A variant model of the Pick-up and Delivery Problem with Time Windows is established to describe the sequential sharing problem considering both MVs and SVs with the features of multiple depots, partial recharging strategies, and fleet sizing. In the problem, MVs can change their load modules for all types of objects carried by SVs. An adaptive large neighborhood algorithm (ALNS) is developed with new mechanisms for MVs. The proposed ALNS is tested by 15 artificial data cases and compared with the MIP solver. The results show the proposed ALNS is time-effective and validated to find good solutions. / Det finns olika transporter i stadslogistiken (t.ex. passagerare, gods och avfall), som hanteras av enskilda fordon (SV) av motsvarande typ. Multifunktionsfordonet (MV) är ett framtida koncept vars lastmoduler kan ändras för olika stadstransporter. MV möjliggör sekventiell delning av olika mobiliteter, vilket på ett teoretiskt sätt förbättrar stadslogistikens effektivitet genom högre användning av fordon. En variantmodell av Pick-up and Delivery Problem with Time Windows är etablerad för att beskriva det sekventiella delningsproblemet med beaktande av både MV och SV med funktionerna i flera depåer, partiella laddningsstrategier och flottans storlek. I problemet kan MV: er ändra sina belastningsmoduler för alla typer av objekt som bärs av SV: er. En adaptiv stor stadsdelalgoritm (ALNS) har utvecklats med nya mekanismer för MV. Den föreslagna ALNS testas av 15 artificiella datafall och jämförs med MIP-lösaren. Resultaten visar att det föreslagna ALNS är tidseffektivt och validerat för att hitta bra lösningar.

This thesis provides a systematic guideline for evaluating, integrating and designing the collaborative end effector system associated with commercially available collaborative robots (cobots). On the basis of ISO/TS 15066:2016, customers’ demands are categorised as a macro demand framework and micro demand variables, which are parameterised and hierarchised. By analysing these parameters, the collaborative degree is determined to correlate the hazards with protection measures, which can demonstrate the collaborative safety level transparently. After that, the safety protection measures are specifically proposed corresponding to the potential risks. Finally, an industrial application is evaluated, a novel adapter utilised on the UR5 cobot is illustrated, and its characteristics for the collaborative operation are described.:1 Introduction 2 Robotic end effector in Assembly and Handling 3 Concept and Definition of Collaboration 4 Statement of the academic purpose and methodology 5 Guideline and Methodology for designing the Active Lightweight End-effector (ALE) for collaborative robots 6 Performance demand d4): multiplicity and versatility of end effector 7 A safety monitoring end effector (Adapter) for collaborative operations 8 A practical study of collaborative integration based on collaborative degree 9 Conclusion Appendix / Diese Arbeit liefert einen systematischen Leitfaden für die Bewertung, Integration und Gestaltung des kollaborierenden Endeffektorsystems in Verbindung mit kommerziell verfügbaren kollaborativen Robotern (Kobots). Auf der Grundlage der ISO/TS 15066:2016 werden die Anforderungen der Kunden in einen Makro-Bedarfsrahmen und Mikro-Bedarfsvariablen kategorisiert, die parametrisiert und hierarchisiert werden. Durch die Analyse dieser Parameter wird der Kollaborationsgrad ermittelt, um die Gefährdungen mit Schutzmaßnahmen zu korrelieren, die die kollaborierende Sicherheitsstufe transparent darstellen können. Danach werden die Schutzmaßnahmen entsprechend den potenziellen Risiken vorgeschlagen. Schließlich wird ein industrieller Anwendungsfall bewertet, ein neuartiger Adapter für den Einsatz an einem Roboter UR5 erläutert und dessen Kenndaten für den kollaborierenden Betrieb beschrieben.:1 Introduction 2 Robotic end effector in Assembly and Handling 3 Concept and Definition of Collaboration 4 Statement of the academic purpose and methodology 5 Guideline and Methodology for designing the Active Lightweight End-effector (ALE) for collaborative robots 6 Performance demand d4): multiplicity and versatility of end effector 7 A safety monitoring end effector (Adapter) for collaborative operations 8 A practical study of collaborative integration based on collaborative degree 9 Conclusion Appendix