For many years the descendants of John and James Mellor -- a large family who have made contributions to the cultural and educational activities of their various communities -- have been desirous of preserving for their posterity, and others, a record of the Mellors. Several years ago Amy Mellor Howe initiated the project by compiling and editing the first Mellor History. The foreword in her book wherein she "...hoped that the information and data herein contained may form the nucleus for further research..." served as the incentive to continue the project. It is planned to incorporate the following biography into one of the section of the book The Mellors Through the Years which this author has consented to compile and edit for the family. In this biography will be presented the highlights in the life of James Mellor: his youth and early married life in England, his sharing in the experiences of the "ill-fated" handcart pioneers, and his coping with the problems involved in subduing a primitive frontier in settling the Mormon community of Fayette, Sanpete County, Utah. This study has been based on excerpts from James Mellor's own diary and on the diaries of other members of his family; on old letters, documents, and other unpublished information; on newspaper clippings; on personal interviews, letters which the author has received, and available community, church, and government records. It is hoped that this evaluation will result in an objective biography of James Mellor that is as accurate as available information permits. Some previously published historical information has been inter-woven with the original diary of James Mellor in order to enhance both the interest and the authenticity of this document. Grateful appreciation is hereby acknowledged for invaluable assistance rendered by Roy Delbert Mellor, president of the Mellor family organization; his wife, Vivian Margaret Anderson Mellor; and to Martha Wintach Bartholomew, Fayette historian, in the compilation of extensive information and illustrations used in writing this thesis. Likewise, the author wishes to express appreciation to numerous other writers whose statements have been cited in this work, and to Ronald B. Jensen, business instructor at Manti high School, for assisting with the enormous task of typing this information. The author also desires to express sincere thanks to Professor J. Lynn Mortensen, members of her graduate committee at Utah State University, for their invaluable suggestions and professional guidance given in the preparation of this thesis.

LFY est un facteur de transcription clé dans le développement des plantes, et en particulier dans la floraison des angiospermes. Il a un rôle important, d'abord, dans l'établissement des méristèmes floraux et plus tard, dans la spécification de leurs identités d'organes floraux. Cette activité implique des réarrangements majeurs de la chromatine dans le noyau des cellules. Des loci cibles doivent passer d'un état fermé à un état ouvert. Au cours des deux dernières décennies, les Facteurs de Transcription Pionniers (PTF) ont été étudiés car ils peuvent lier leurs sites cibles à l'ADN nucléosomique, ils peuvent surmonter les contraintes stériques des nucléosomes et établir un état «compétent» dans une région particulière pour qu’il puisse être davantage régulé par d'autres partenaires (Iwafuchi-Doi & Zaret, 2014). Il a été démontré que LFY interagit physiquement et génétiquement avec deux ATPases appartenant à des complexes de remodelage de la chromatine ATP-dépendants, SYD et BRM (Wu et al., 2012). En outre, des analyses de données à l'échelle du génome suggèrent fortement que son domaine d'oligomérisation N-terminal, confère à LFY un accès à des régions fermées de la chromatine (Sayou et al., 2016). De cette manière, LFY présente des caractéristiques communes avec les PTF. Nous avons travaillé afin de mieux comprendre le mode d'action de LFY par rapport aux ATPases mentionnées ainsi qu'à la chromatine.Au chapitre I, à travers des expériences in vitro, l'interaction potentielle de LFY avec les nucléosomes a été évaluée. Nous avons reconstitué des nucléosomes, en identifiant des régions enrichies en nucléosomes dans le génome d'Arabidopsis, ciblées efficacement par LFY. Ces régions ont été sélectionnées à partir des données génomiques de ChIP-seq de LFY dans les lignes de surexpression ainsi que des données de DNAse-seq et de MNase-seq, qui ont été utiles pour analyser le paysage chromatinien (T. Zhang, Zhang, & Jiang, 2015; W. Zhang, Zhang, Wu, & Jiang, 2012). Une liaison forte mais non-spécifique de LFY de la gymnosperme Ginkgo biloba aux nucléosomes a été observée. Cependant, LFY d'Arabidopsis thaliana a montré une faible liaison aux nucléosomes.Au chapitre II, l'objectif était de cartographier les domaines d'interaction minimale nécessaires de LFY et les ATPases SYD et BRM. En utilisant la technique HTRF, nous avons montré que le domaine C-terminal de LFY interagit avec le domaine HSA de BRM. De plus, grâce à une approche in vivo, nous avons observé la perte du phénotype 35S:LFY dans les plantes F1 de chacun des trois croisements: 35S:LFY syd-5, 35S:LFY brm-1 et 35S:LFY brm-3. Cela suggère une interaction forte, ce qui signifie que lorsque BRM ou SYD ne sont pas fonctionnels, la fonction de LFY est affectée et aucune fleur ectopique n'est formée. / LFY is a key transcription factor in plant development, and especially in flowering for angiosperms. It has an important role, first, in the establishment of floral meristems and later, in the specification of their floral organ identities. This activity implicates on cells’ nucleus major chromatin rearrangements. Target loci need to pass from a closed to an opened state. In the last two decades, Pioneer Transcription Factors (PTFs) have been studied because they can bind their target sites at nucleosomal DNA, they are able to overcome the steric constraints of nucleosomes and establish a “competent state” in a particular region, so it can be further regulated by other partners (Iwafuchi-Doi & Zaret, 2014). LFY has been demonstrated to physically and genetically interact with two ATPases belonging to ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, SYD and BRM (Wu et al., 2012). Besides, genome-wide data analyses strongly suggest that its N-terminal oligomerization domain, confers LFY access to closed regions of chromatin (Sayou et al., 2016). In this way, LFY presents common features with PTFs. We worked in order to better understand LFY’s mode of action in relation to the mentioned ATPases as well as with chromatin.In Chapter I, through in vitro experiments, LFY’s potential interaction with nucleosomes, was assessed. We performed reconstituted nucleosomes by identifying nucleosome-enriched regions in Arabidopsis genome, efficiently targeted by LFY. These regions were selected used genome-wide data from ChIP-seq of LFY in overexpressing lines and DNAse-seq as well as MNase-seq data, which was useful to analyze chromatin landscape (T. Zhang, Zhang, & Jiang, 2015; W. Zhang, Zhang, Wu, & Jiang, 2012). A strong but non-specific binding of LFY from the gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba to nucleosomes was observed. However, LFY from Arabidopsis thaliana, showed a weak binding to nucleosomes.In Chapter II, the aim was to map the minimal necessary interacting domains of LFY and the ATPases SYD and BRM. Using the HTRF technique, LFY’s C-terminal domain was shown to interact with BRM’s HSA domain. In addition, through an in vivo approach, we observed the loss of the 35S:LFY phenotype in the F1 plants from each of the three crosses: 35S:LFY syd-5, 35S:LFY brm-1 and 35S:LFY brm-3. This suggested a strong interaction, meaning that when BRM or SYD are not functional, LFY’s function is affected and no ectopic flowers are formed.

The definition of rhetoric has recently been expanded to include elements of experience, particularly the experiences that landscape provides. One landscape that has rhetorical significance is the American frontier, both in Colonial times and in the nineteenth century. The frontier had a rhetorical impact on women, in particular, giving them freedom to change their roles and achieve economic, political, and social success. Because of the tremendous significance of the frontier in women's lives, a new definition of frontiers emphasizes conditions such as opportunity for change, a dangerous and uncertain atmosphere, a freedom of thought and action, and an ability to redefine roles. This new definition allows for both a literal and symbolic interpretation of frontiers. In studying American women's history, it becomes clear that women needed a frontier existence to flourish and create an independent (and decidedly American) identity. Colonial women enjoyed an unprecedented freedom because they existed on a frontier. As the frontier moved westward, women living on the East Coast were deprived of freedoms and opportunities and were increasingly confined to the home. As a result, suffragists such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony adapted a feminist rhetoric, the practice of which provided a symbolic frontier for eastern women. Though their female rights rhetoric empowered eastern women, society was too restrictive for complete change; consequently, it took over seventy years for women to obtain suffrage. While women on the East Coast struggled to attain suffrage, Mormon women living in the West enjoyed political, social, and economic freedoms (including the vote). Mormon women enjoyed this freedom because they existed on geographical, rhetorical, and religious frontiers. They lived in the untamed West, practiced the feminist rhetoric of their eastern counterparts, and participated in a radical new religion that not only gave them a mandate from God to change their roles, but also gave them the opportunity to be part of polygamous marriages. These marriages, though seemingly enslaving, actually benefitted Mormon women. Mormon women provide a great example of empowering effect of frontiers. The frontier, as defined in this thesis, gave women freedom and opportunity.

Much of Utah's history is the story of the relationship of humans and the land. Human perceptions of Utah's land have changed over time and affected the way it has been used. The homestead movement was an important phase in the use of Utah's land. Through federal settlement acts many Utahns obtained title to public land. This study is an attempt to learn more about the relationship between women and the land and about the lives of women in Utah. The study is based on Utah land records from 1869-1934. Most homesteading activity in Utah took place during this period. Federal land laws were extended to utah in 1869. In 1934 the nature of the federal land system was altered. Emphasis shifted from providing land to citizens for farming and livestock-raising to direct government supervision of public lands, making home steading more difficult. In spite of the significant role played by women in the settlement of Utah, their history has often been neglected. Historical studies of women in Utah have usually focused on female leaders, political movements such as suffrage, or women involved in plural marriages. Utah land records provide a rich source for looking into the lives of women who otherwise would go unnoticed. A significant number of women in Utah homesteaded. By looking at the women whose names appear in the land records, important information is added to the historical picture of women in Utah.

No description available.

Using first person, reminiscent accounts, this thesis examines children's lives on the Mormon Trail. It attempts to shed further light on the story of the Mormon Trail by sharing the perspectives of pioneers who crossed the plains as children. This study focuses on such issues as the children's impressions of the trail, their experiences on it, their duties, their family life, and the influence of religion. This study highlights the symbiotic relationship between children and the trail: children affected trail life and at the same time were affected by their experiences on the trail. Children shouldered responsibilites that were essential to the success of the family. Because the trail required children to work hard for the good of the family, children achieved a greater sense of their own abilities to succeed.

Community-based museums in British Columbia are testaments to the importance of belonging and social identity. Three case studies, the Saanich Pioneer Museum, the Kamloops Museum Association and the Langley Centennial Museum in Fort Langley demonstrate how community identity was the focus of collective memory construction. Museum buildings were also iconographic sites. This research draws on museum society minutes, records, journals and displays, and personal interviews. It examines the role of earlier groups and events, from agricultural fairs to fraternal organizations in these museums' origins. The influence of provincial and federal government policies and funding, Centennial celebrations, and umbrella organizations such as the British Columbia Museums Association are also analysed. Socialization, interaction, memorabilia, commemorations and celebrations were all part of the creation of collective memory, and demonstrate how belonging was vital to these museums' creation and histories. / Graduate

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Philosophy

The thesis re-presents the lived experience of cultural animation and policy production in postcolonial Zimbabwe, seeking to place these observations and theories in the domain of Cultural Policy Studies. The nation was in transition from oracy to literacy and from colonial control to socialist independence. Cultural workers in Bulawayo were very productive after Independence without apparently being aware of any policies. How, then, did things get done? The initial premise was that people living in oral cultures were always able to discuss plans and implement decisions, and that endogenous and exogenous influences (theorised as memes) were incorporated experimentally in a cultural bricolage. Part One introduces the pre-policy context of cultural change in precolonial and postcolonial situations, theorises cultural change at a micro level in terms of memetics and explains the methodology of multiple case studies. Part Two looks for origins of cultural concepts in 19th century white-authored journals and 20th century revolutionary texts and presents a critical analysis of formal documents controlling cultural policy since Independence. The importance of plurilingualism, translation and literacy in interactions between social actors is examined. Part Three provides empirical evidence to refine the original proposition in a detailed synchronic study of local cultural praxis. Discourse analysis of conflict and consensus operating at grassroots level is followed by accounts of the increasing management capacity of some groups as they become professional performers in international arenas. Contrasting instances of individual and communal animation are found in the development of institutions. Part Four discusses the role of dynamic oral policies in cultural action both in a pre-policy situation and in the implementation of documented policy in a democratising polity. The thesis also has potential for its theoretical findings to be applied in different national contexts of development and beyond cultural policy to other spheres where an increasing volume of policy initiatives challenges the people charged with their implementation.

This thesis advances knowledge of the diverse spatialities of gentrification by examining processes of change in coastal towns, drawing upon the case-study location of St Leonards-on-Sea, in the South East of England. Based on rich, empirical findings from semi-structured interviews, content analyses of local media sources, 2001 census data, and a household survey of 173 respondents, it is shown that processes of gentrification are unfolding in St Leonards. The findings suggest that it is beneficial to distinguish between coastal gentrification, and urban/rural gentrification. To emphasise this point, it is argued that there is merit in utilising the term coastification , in order to conceptualise the socio-cultural and economic transformations tied to in-migrants seeking the coastal idyll . The thesis disrupts some dominant theorisations of contemporary gentrification, identifying the presence of pioneer gentrifiers in a coastal town setting. It is contended that simply transferring the representations of urban gentrification to other socio-spatial locations along the urban-rural hierarchy is not a straightforward process. Therefore, gentrification-based regeneration policies should not be transferred in taken-for-granted ways from one location to another. A representation of coastification allows for a fuller appreciation of the effects of gentrification on coastal regeneration policies.