NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase (POR) is a membrane bound flavoprotein that donates electrons to a wide spectrum of heme-containing proteins, among which are several steroidogenic and many xenobiotics-metabolizing enzymes. Given the important role of POR protein in drug metabolism and pharmacogenomics, there is a particular need to understand the contributions of POR genetic variants to these processes. Mutations in POR gene cause a disorder called POR deficiency, which manifests with a wide phenotypic spectrum ranging from disordered steroidogenesis to skeletal malformation, namely, Antley-Bixler syndrome (ABS). The aim of the present work was to investigate the POR gene in patients suspected to have POR deficiency syndrome from Czech Republic and to perform genotyping in Czech and Jewish control populations. We analyzed 644 alleles in unrelated individuals from the general Czech population and 1128 alleles in Jewish population, where 330 alleles were of Askhenazi and 798 of Sephardic Jews. We have also studied the impact of selected new genetic variants on POR activity and identified fourteen amino acid variations, two of which we have studied in detail to establish their influence on POR activity. Using the available human POR three-dimensional structure, we then modelled the newly identified variants...

The aim of this thesis is to give information about asthmatic disease, to evaluate the situation in Czech children's population and to analyze the impacts of selected environmental factors on the occurrence of the bronchial asthma in selected age group. In the first part of this thesis are the information about bronchial asthma. In the second part of this thesis are description of the data of selected children group and characteristics of the environment (the source of data was from Czech National Health Institute). There are verifications of the null hypotheses about the risk effect of the environmental factors on the occurrence of the bronchial asthma among 5-years-old children in selected towns of the Czech Republic. The selected towns are České Budějovice, Hodonín, Hradec Králové, Jablonec nad Nisou, Jihlava, Karviná, Kladno, Mělník, Most, Olomouc, Sokolov, Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Orlicí and Žďár nad Sázavou.

Diploma thesis discusses one of the largest social network sites - Facebook. It aims to find out how is perceived by its older users, that means, trying using semi-structured individual interviews to answer the following questions: "How adults uses Facebook? What does it lead to? And can be find similar criteria in Facebook in the use of Facebook as among adolescents or is more suitable use the approach with the help of a typology users?" Based on research it was found that the development of adults use on Facebook passes through similar stages as development of adolescents use, but with large differentiation, not only between the two different age groups, but also between adults. Grasping the behaviors of adults seem to be more appropriate with the creation of their typology which allows more account of the individual features of individuals, whether they are Provokatéři, Neználci, Závislí or Ledabylí users. KEYWORDS Adult Facebook Social network sites Typology User

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of adult disability caused by Forestier disease among skeletal material in monastic burial grounds and to compare it with the frequency of the lay cemeteries. Five cemeteries of the High Middle Ages to the early modern period, were divided into groups according to age and sex. Also, we evaluated the radiographs, investigated the frequency of adult disability caused by Forestier disease in the population. It was found that the disease in skeletal and X-ray material occurred more frequently among men than women, and did not occure until the age of 40. Furthermore, we found that the higher occurence was among monastic funerals. And since there is an increase Forestier disease in the present population. The question is, whether the external conditions, hence increasing obesity in the population, have an impact on the occurrence of Forestier disease.

Two novel B cell populations were characterized in peripheral blood of patients with common variable immunodeficiency and healthy controls were observed using flow cytometry in the study supported by the grant IGA MZ ČR NKT11414-3. These B cell populations were defined as CD19+ CD27- CD21+ CD38low CD24+ IgM+ FO I and CD19+ CD27- CD21+ CD38low CD24++ IgM++ cells. Since none of found populations has ever been described, the aim of this thesis was to characterize these populations with focus on analysis of variable regions of the heavy chains of immunoglobulins and genes coding proteins participating in the process of VHDHJH formation (Rag 1, Rag 2, and TdT) produced by cells of these populations. Flow cytometry, single cell sorting, single-cell RT-PCR, IgVH, Rag 1, Rag 2, and TdT specific PCR amplification and cycle sequencing were employed to perform the molecular analysis in individual B lymphocytes. Both populations in two patients with common variable immunodeficiency, two healthy controls, and in two patients with autoimmune diseases - rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (as the disease control) - were examined. Finally, the statistical analysis was used to evaluate the differences in expression of variable regions of the heavy chains of immunoglobulins and in Rag1 and 2, and...

The Czech pension system will change substantially in the coming decades. Demographic changes will cause its financial instability while keeping its current parameters. Financial stability of the pension system can be reached through expenditure reduction and increase in revenues of the pension system. We can expect a real decline of the average pensions paid on the level of dozens of percentages in the coming decades. The decision between pay as you go and fund pension scheme is not affected by the demographic situation. The individuals should decrease their expenditures and ensure additional revenue in retirement to secure their standard of living. The family solidary can provide certain social security in retirement. The preservation of minimal level of population reproduction is vital for both pay as you go and fund pension schemes.

The aim of this dissertation is to describe socioeconomic development of Central - Bohemian region and one of the Operational program, which is the Joint Regional Operational Programme (JROP). It contains the comparison of the chosen demographic and socioeconomic indicators during the period 2000-2009 and the benefits of JROP in the Central - Bohemian region. The dissertation is divided into two main parts. In the first one is presented Central - Bohemia region, and the description of the covered indicators, e.g. the structure of the inhabitants in detail of sex and age, natality, structure of abortions, marriages, divorces, migration, and the measurement of these indicators. Further, the basic socioeconomic parameters as the labor market and the associated unemployment, trend of the GDP, transport infrastructure, and opportunities in tourism are described, followed by description of particular Priorities of the operational program. In the analytical part, the comparison and evaluation of the covered indicators in detail of districts in Central Bohemia Region and successfulness of JROP priority axis covering all the Central Bohemian Region is included. Successful projects, amount of paid financial sources to final beneficiaries in detail of particular regions according to priorities.

This thesis deals with the evaluation of the socio-economic consequences of the current migration wave in Europe based on the comparison of individual macroeconomic indicators in the member states of the European Union, which were most affected by migration, whether as transit or destination country. The monitored indicators are for example GDP growth, unemployment rate, growth of public expenditures and others. The first part of the thesis defines the theoretical foundations of migration based on sociological theories and defines the key concepts for the topic, such as economic migration, migrant, integration. The second, practical part of the thesis, focuses on monitoring the specific socioeconomic consequences of the migration crisis for selected countries and evaluates its pros and cons. It follows from this assessment that migration to Europe is an economically sustainable phenomenon. The work focuses more on the possibilities and positives or negatives of the integration of migrants into the labor market, also due to the potential threat of an aging Europe in the future. Using several foreign studies and models, it demonstrates the need to change the integration of migrants to benefit the European countries' pension system. It also pays attention to the social and political consequences of...

Roma population in Slovakia and possibilities of its prediction Abstract The aim of this study is to analyze and to evaluate the demographic reproduction of the Roma population in Slovakia. In the first part, attention is focused on analyzing the demographic processes as well as selected population structure. Primarily, we focused on the description of the fertility and mortality. In addition, we analyze induced and spontaneous abortion and health status of Roma. In terms of population structures, our attention was turned to the structure by age, marital status and highest educational attainment. Important to the overall understanding of reproductive behavior is also characteristic of the Roma families. Based on these findings we prepared projection of Roma population in Slovakia for the period 1981-2030. This study especially aims to point out the changes in the reproductive behavior of the Roma population in Slovakia and its possible development in the future. Keywords: Roma population, fertility, mortality, abortion, health status, Roma family, population structures, population projection, Slovak Republic

[Abstract] This thesis is aimed at better understanding of cytotype co-existence in mixed- ploidy populations with an emphasis on a microevolutionary processes behind it. Our past knowledge was based on a few thoroughly investigated model taxa like Chamerion angustifolium and Heuchera grossulariifolia, but some generalizations seem to be premature in the light of new findings. A detailed research of other taxa included in the thesis showed that polyploid complexes can vary dramatically in their ability to cope with the co-existence of cytotypes in mixed-ploidy popu- lations. Whereas mixed-ploidy populations are virtually lacking in some species (an example being Vicia cracca, Paper III.), ploidy-heterogeneous populations are very common in others, maintained by free mating interactions and the absence of reproductive isolation among cytotypes (e.g. Pilosella echioides, Paper II.). The strenght and cumulative effect of various breeding barriers (both pre- or post- zygotic) govern the position of a particular multi-ploidy complex between these two extremes and co-determine the type of cytotype co-existence in its mixed- ploidy populations. Despite the fact that the number of studies revealing cytotype co-existence has been increasing rapidly, evolutionary background and consequences of such co-...