The main goal of this thesis is to analyze and evaluate the position of older workers in the european labour market in the context of population ageing. Global development, as well as the development in Europe, is assessed on the basis of the main demographic indicators. I try to evaluate the progress achieved in the period 2000-2009 after the summit in Lisbon. A separate chapter is devoted to demographic development and the situation of older workers in the Czech labour market.

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The aim of this thesis was to monitor mortality or more precisely population changes of freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera L.), which settle in oligothropic stream. Brown trout (Salmo trutta morpha fario L.) is the only one fish host of larval stage of freshwater pearl mussel. The counting of the population was pursued at 2 localities: on the Blanice river and on the stream of Lužní potok in the Czech Republic. For general counting of population a net instrument and an optical instrument were used, that enabling to see them. Population of freshwater pear mussel is in decline in all Europe due to many factors like eutrophication, water pollution, etc. Results of work indicated a decline in population of freshwater pearl mussel at the first area about 15,38 % and at the second area about 15,22 % of the stream Lužní potok. There was not recorded a decline on the Blanice river, on the contrary, the number of population was higher. Among others, the habitation of juveniles was recorded at the first area.

The topic of the thesis is: ``Educational Process Focused on Prevention of Infectious Diseases in the Romany Population{\crqq}. The Romany minority is a part of the Czech society. In the population census conducted in 2001, the Romany nationality was claimed by 11 746 persons. However, the actual number of members of the Romany community in the Czech Republic is much larger. The Romany psyche differs from the psyche of the non-Romany population, which results in a different lifestyle. In common life we face various infectious diseases, such as respiratory infections, infections of skin and mucous membranes, blood-borne diseases, alimentary infections, sexually transmitted diseases and many others. Most of diseases endanger not only the majority society but also the Romany minority. However, the different lifestyle and psychological differences may result in higher probability of certain infections in the Romany minority. The objective of this thesis was to identify those infectious diseases and to elaborate an educational plan facilitating reduction of occurrence of the identified infectious diseases in the Romany population. The thesis raised four research objectives and four research issues. The research part of the thesis was implemented by the qualitative research method. The data were collected by the technique of semi-structured interviews based on study of technical literature. The questions are based on conceptual models of M. Gordonová, M. Leiningerová and J. Gigerová {--} R. Davidhizerová. The information obtained in interviews with members of the Romany minority group was processed into casuistics that form the basis for elaboration of categorized tables and charts. Based on the data obtained in interviews, the particular infectious disease which endangers members of the Romany minority group was identified and the educational plan was elaborated for them, supplemented with the educational material which was used for education at the following stage of the research. As the main results we consider identification of three infectious diseases that endanger the Romany population to the largest degree. The thesis provides nurses with recommendations what problems should be focused on in education of the Romany population not only within the Romany community but also in educational institutions. We would like to make the results of the thesis available to the professional public. The output of the thesis is the educational plan and educational material intended for all who work with the Romany community and wish to facilitate improvement of their health state and quality of life.

The aim of this thesis was to determine presence of resistant populations pollen beetle (Brassicogethes aeneus). Determination their resistance level and proposing an anti-resistant strategy was solved too. The adults of pollen beetle were collected in year 2012 and 2013 from 16 locations in South Moravia. Collections were done on rape, but also on poppy and mustard. Pyrethroids - cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalotrin, tau-fluvalinate; neonicotinoids -- commercially used preparation Biscaya 240 OD and organophosphorous insecticide active substance chlorpyrifos ethyl were tested. The tests were conducted according to the methodology of Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) number 011, 021, 025. Each active substance was tested in three repetitions. The adults were exposed to 100 % registered dose after 24 hour. Substance efficiency in 2012 and 2013 was different. There was an efficiency drop in Biscaya 240 OD preparation. On the contrary, lambda-cyhalotrine substance was more effective in 2013.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse population development of municipalities Dyje (the micro-region Dyje) and Association of municipalities of the estate of Veveří Castle (the micro-region Veveří) in the years from 2003 to 2011, then to compare the results of this analysis between these two micro-regions and to propose possible measures aimed at improving population development in micro-regions. In terms of demographic statics, mid-year population and the population structure by sex and age are analysed. In terms of demographic dynamics, attention is paid to the development of death rate, birth rate, abortion rate, nuptiality, divorce rate and migration. By smoothing of time series using a mathematical function the development of the above indicators is predicted until 2013. Based on conducted analyses, it has been established that there has been an increase in the number of mid-year population with a prevailing number of men in the micro-region Dyje and a prevailing number of women in the micro-region Veveří. This increase has resulted in particular from a growth in a long-term positive population migration. Furthermore, it can be said that in both the micro-regions population has been aging, which is caused by increasing life expectancy and decreasing death rate. In the micro-region Dyje there has been a decrease in birth rate and an increase in abortion rate, while the opposite is true for the micro-region Veveří. Nuptiality in both the micro-regions has been decreasing while divorce rate has been growing in the micro-region Dyje and decreasing in the micro-region Veveří.

The topic of my diploma thesis is an analysis and comparison of basic demographic processes, both in Czech Republic and Slovak Republic, in the years 1993-2014. The subject is the status of the population, especially in terms of structure by age, sex and economic activity. Thesis makes a comparison of demographic processes - birth rate, mortality, abortion, marriage, divorce rate and migration. The thesis analyzes the resulting differences and looks for their causes. Selected demographic processes are predicted into the future; the next development is estimated with help of basic trend functions. The conclusion proposes some possible recommendations which could revert the negative future trends.

The theme of this thesis is the Global digital divide. The first part deals with past, present and future of the Internet. What direction and what speed should be evolve. Further with the problems of the global digital divide, demarcation, causes, impacts and redress. The practical part of this work consists of three main parts. In the first part is digital divide in the world and differences of using the internet between the territories of the world. In the second and main part is the digital divide in Europe, which compares countries in Europe in using the internet. The third part is a digital divide in the Czech Republic, there are compared regions of the country. The analysis results are wrote down in the graphs and shown graphically in created maps.

This thesis is focused on healthy lifestyles of youth. It is divided into two parts, theory and research. The theoretical part defines terms related to health, lifestyle, healthy eating, eating disorders, health promotion programs in the Czech Republic and others. The practical part focuses on promoting healthy lifestyles and healthy eating for basic Jan Amos Komensky School in Carlsbad. On the basis of the institutional analysis according Bronislav Malinowski, it is determined whether the selected institution fulfills its mission. Part of this work is also a questionnaire focusing on a healthy lifestyle Youth and evaluation.