The aim of this thesis is to analyze the structure of the population of the Czech Republic in terms of education and economic activity and then draw out its future development. To this variations of the projection is included the development of economic activity in the population compared to the standard demographic projections. This approach allows better assessment of future development economically active parts of the population by its actual participation in the labor market, and not only by age group, as it is in most demographic projections. This work also includes analysis of sex-education-age structure of the population and analysis the reasons for economic inactivity.

The objective of diploma thesis is to define specific groups of population, defined by sex, age or education, which are represented disproportionately in comparison of whole population of Czech Republic. In the thesis is described the population structure in terms of demography and economy, as well as factors which influence the labor market from short-term and long-term point of view. To achieve all marked out objectives is made explanatory statistics for unemployment of specified groups of population and the index analysis that allows to examine the inter-annual development of unemployment rate in terms of age, sex and education. Based on the index analysis are defined critical groups, which are evaluated by proportionality among unemployed persons. The analysis showed that critical groups are considered young people with lower level of education and women with high school education or women 30-39 years old.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the situation in the labour market in the Czech Republic during the period 2004 -- 2011 and compare the development of selected indicators in the Czech labour market with other states in the European Union. The thesis seeks a comprehensive approach and focuses attention on key issues such as long-term unemployment and the problems of women, older workers or graduates. The thesis also includes a demonstration of the impact of demographic aging on the labour market. The conclusion describes some options for solving selected problems of the labour market and the general approach of employment policy.

The main objective of diploma thesis is to analyze and evaluate the situation of elder employees on the labour market in the Czech republic, where as in others developed countries of European union has negative demographic evolution. The first of all are mentioned fundamental demographic indicators including expected predictions for the future, next and also crucial part of thesis is dedicated to labour market with regards to changing structure in age structure of population. The group of elder workers is submitted to deeper analysis according to several standpoints such as reached education, gender or profession. The rest space is devoted to options and suggestions for this endangered group on the labour market, including examples of good practice from abroad. Thesis conclusion is focused on comparison with states of European union and fulfilling objectives in terms of European strategies.

The life insurance is an integral part of financial market, although changing its importance during the development. This thesis aims to carry out a research focused on the approach and attitude of the Czech population to the life insurance and its resulting analysis. The research was conducted through a questionnaire survey effected on an independent sample of the Czech population in the number of 185 respondents and a case study MetLife insurance company. The thesis does not neglect the theoretical background, current trends in the life insurance and the future prognosis. The results of analysis refer to the dependence of approach to the life insurance on the factors of age, the number of household members, the actual amount of outstanding liabilities and the gross monthly income. The lack of knowledge of respondents on the profitability, the risk and the liquidity of their life insurance policies and its dependence on the factor of achieved education were proved. In the case of a higher number of concluded life insurance contracts they diversify the risk and use different insurers. It also came out that the life insurance has recently kept losing its original meaning in the sense of risk instrument and is perceived still more as a savings and an invesment instrument. Although the current approach is not the rational reasoning, I continue to assume the increasing importance of unit linked life insurance.

The aim of my thesis is to analyze the German economy and chart position of Germany in the European Union. Emphasis will be placed on the current economic position of Germany and changes caused by the global financial and debt crisis. The first chapter introduces the political system and assesses the socio-economic characteristics of the country. The second chapter describes the economic development of both East and West Germany after World War II. The success of the social market economy of West Germany is assessed, contrasting the development in East Germany that focused on heavy industry. The economic situation after the unification of Germany is analyzed in the third chapter by using macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, inflation, current account balance and unemployment. Further attention is paid to foreign trade and investment abroad by German and foreign investments in Germany. The second part of third chapter describes the global financial and subsequent debt crisis and its impact on the German economy. The last chapter deals with the position of Germany in the European Union and solving current problems in the Eurozone.

Diplomová práce se zabývá původem a demografickými charakteristikami geograficky izolovaných, nedávno vzniklých populací hýla rudého (Carpodacus erythrinus) na západním okraji areálu druhu. Práce je zalo.ena na nově získaných sekvencích dvou úseků mitochondriální DNA (410 páru bazí dlouhá sekvence kontrolní oblasti a 1029 dlouhá sekvence genu ND2) zji.těných u 82 jedinců ze 13 lokalit a jejich srovnáním s publikovanými sekvencemi z kontinuálního areálu. Zjistila jsem, .e geograficky izolované populace ze střední a severní Evropy nejsou významně geneticky izolované od populací kontinuálního areálu. Nově vzniklé populace také vykazují překvapivě vysokou diverzitu srovnatelnou s asijskými populacemi. Tato zji.tění nasvědčují intenzivnímu toku genů mezi populacemi zprostředkovanému pravděpodobně převá.ně disperzí mladých ptáků před prvním zahnízděním. Navzdory intenzivnímu toku genů mezi kontinuálním areálem a středo- a severoevropskými izolovanými populacemi hýli z Kavkazu, Bulharska a Turecka utvořili jasně oddělenou skupinu, která byla podpořena na základě několika typů analýz. Zdá se tedy, .e jedinci z těchto oblastí mohou mít vlastní oddělené zimovi.tě, komunikují jen minimálně se zbytkem areálu a díky tomu jsme zde zřejmě svědky počínající speciace. Klíčová slova: Hýl rudý (Carpodacus...

The European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) (hereinafter EGS) is under the Law on Nature Protection and is included as a critically endangered into the Red List of Endangered Species. In the Czech Republic, which represents the northwestern border of the species range, EGS currently occurs on 34 localities, which are relatively small and isolated from each other. The spread of this species to central Europe was connected with neolithic deforestation. Disjunctive type of distribution of EGS was caused by strong decline of its abundance during the second half of the 20th century due to changes in field management, fragmentation of landscape and other factors. It can be expected that this process left traces on the genetic structure of EGS populations. The major objective of this study was a detailed analysis of genetic variability of EGS populations in the Czech Republic and searching for corelations with available data about its biology and demography. It was used 13 microsatellite loci and in total were processed 408 samples from 27 localities in CZ and 3 samples from one Hungarian locality as an outgroup. With aid of various methods, details of substructure and diferentiation of individual populations, genetic variability, degree of inbreeding and geographic distribution of genetic variability...

Comparative cytogenetics of the bed bug Cimex lectularius (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) The human bed bug Cimex lectularius has started enormous spreading to all developed countries of temperate climate zone during the last ten years. Bed bug was almost eradicated by a mass use of DDT in these areas until the 70's in the 20th century. This temporal haematophagous ectoparasite occupies particularly human dwellings and bat roosts. Cimex lectularius shows unusual combination of cytogenetic characteristics, general for all Heteroptera, however, not usual for other organisms. The chromosomes are holokinetic, with completely achiasmatic meiosis and inverted meiosis of the sex chromosomes. Especialy remarkable feature is intraspecific variation of the number of the X chromosomes. The variable number of chromosomes of 43 populations of Cimex lectularius from the Czech Republic and 27 populations from other European countries was studied in the present study. The 10 variants of karyotype were found out by using the "hotplate spreading" method and the standard Giemsa staining. There were male karyotypes with 2n = 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 42 and 47 chromosomes and two females with peculiar odd number of sex chromosomes X, 2n = 33 and 43, not complementary with any male. A stable number of 2n = 26 autosomes...

Background: The global trend of population ageing causes in new challenges, one of them is a wider dedication to the mental health of the elderly. In line with the mental health of the elderly the alcohol consumption issues among this group are still in place and those are one of the crucial factors that might causes negative impact on the health of the elderly. There is a large group of seniors in the Czech population living in the cities however numerous groups of the seniors still live also in the countryside where the living is very different to the one in the cities and there are also many specifics in alcohol consumption among those living in the countryside. Aims: The qualitative study aims to learn about the subjective evaluation of the alcohol consumption among the elderly in a small village community through the deep interviews and thus enriches the contemporary knowledge of the alcohol consumption level among the elderly. Methods: Semi-structured interviews complemented by the AUDIT screening questionnaire were executed within the 14 elderly in a small village during July - August 2019. The research group consisted of 5 men and 9 women aged 65 and over was selected using a simple purposeful selection method. The data were processed by thematic analysis. Results: The results of the study...