Cílem práce je přiblížit problematiku stárnutí a stáří jako určité specifické fáze životního cyklu, popsat jednotlivé oblasti životního stylu seniorů a poukázat na jejich diferenciaci, především na základě jednotlivých sociodemografických charakteristik. Zaměřuji se na současnou situaci seniorů v ČR. Teoretická část je rozdělena do tří kapitol. V první se zabývám problematikou stárnutí a stáří z obecného hlediska. Uvádím jak je možné stáří definovat a jaké jsou sociologické teorie stárnutí a stáří. Dále uvádím historický kontext vnímání stáří. Zmiňuji také jaké důsledky má stárnutí obyvatelstva pro jedince i společnost. Druhá kapitola je věnována sociálním a psychologickým aspektům života seniorů. Představuji zde jednotlivé oblasti života seniorů, jako jsou rodina a mezigenerační vztahy, volný čas a bydlení. Zmiňuji také problematiku ageismu. Třetí kapitola je věnována demografickým aspektům, tedy jakým způsobem docházelo k vývoji velikosti a struktury populace seniorů v její současnou podobu. Výzkumná část práce je věnována životnímu stylu seniorů.Cílem výzkumu je na základě rozhovorů popsat jednotlivé oblasti životního stylu seniorů a ukázat, zda a jakým způsobem se odlišují. V rozhovorech jsem sledovala oblasti každodennosti, zaměstnaní, zdraví, finanční aspekty a oblast životních hodnot....

Through series of experiments this work compares effects of different types of genetic algorithms on evolution of a neural network that is used to control a robot. Genetic algorithms using binary and real coded individuals, algorithms using basic and advanced mutations and crossovers and algorithms using fixed and variable population size are compared on three tasks of evoltionary robotics. The goal is to determine wether usage of advanced genetic algorithms leads to faster convergence or to better solution than usage of basic genetic algorithm. Experiments are performed in an easily extendable simulator developed for purposes of this work.

Analysis of pension insurance products under the influence of demographic change Abstract The main objective of this study is to analyze pension insurance products, which are from the long term point of view the basis of the financial preparation for the pension period (the period of economic inactivity). In the first part are presented demographic changes of the Czech population in the period from 1991 till 2011 and their long term subsequences. Demographic changes are essential determinants of the need to secure another source of income in addition to the pension provided by the state. In the second part are discussed selected pension insurance products, namely building savings, pension insurance with state contribution and life insurance. The goal is to show possible amount of money saved by people during the saving period and subsequently possible amount of pension payable from different pension products in the relationship with the demographic changes.

Fitness in ground squirrels is a frequently discussed topic, reported in many publications, although it was rarely the subject of their study. The aim of this study was to determine which factors and find out how they affect the fitness of individuals, and thus the whole population of the European ground squirrel in Czech Republic. For this purpose we collected body mass data at three studied population, which are the main indicator of the fitness in ground squirrels. We also recorded information about injuries, reproduction status, ectoparasites and endoparasites. Moreover we collected all available data on the body mass of European ground squirrel in the central European region, and we compiled overview of body mass changes during the season. This enables us to compare our data with typical/common body mass value in particular sex, age and season. Recorded differences in body mass at three studied sites were related to sex, age, locality and season. We found positive correlation between the body mass and injuries from fights/reproduction activity in adult males. The relationship between body mass and reproduction activity of females was not found. Four species of ectoparasites, mostly occurring in adults, were recorded in studied populations. We also found five species of endoparasites, which...

The diploma thesis deals with the determination and expansion of numerical structures for Cloven-hoofed game ie. for roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama), sika deer (Cervus nippon), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), mouflon (Ovis musimon), chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and wild boar (Sus scrofa). The social structures of female game numbers for different sex ratios have been developed and can be used in different types of breeding. Based on the model cases performed, it has been confirmed that, with a limited number of individuals in the population, the number of youngsters and the number of adults decreases in nature at the sex ratio in favor of females due to spontaneous game reduction. As a result, the average age of adults is reduced, and younger years are getting into reproduction. Another negative aspect of this unbalanced sex ratio is the increase in cloven-hoofed game and related damage and intraspecific stress. In addition, for some game reserves, if the sex ratio is increased for males, there are problems of a similar character, which are being overcome by greater losses in heat fights. This creates additional economic damage. Model cases have shown and confirmed that, with a limited number of game and around a balanced gender ratio of 1:1 to about 1.2:1 in favor for males and 1:1.2 in favor for females, there are no problems with population control because it is predictable. Once the gender ratio is wider, basic problems arise and that is poorly breeding. These wider gender ratios are on one side and the other unnatural in nature and therefore carry many problems.

The thesis focuses on the segmentation of seniors in their approach to a healthy lifestyle and subsequent application of marketing tools in order to improve this approach of the selected segment. The theoretical part consists of a situation analysis explaining relations among population ageing, health care expenditures, employment and health condition of the population and then mapping of important areas such as quality of life of seniors, their healthy lifestyle and marketing methods associated with these areas. The practical part starts with the segmentation of seniors based on extensive database of the MML - TGI research and using analytical software Data Analyzer both provided by research agency Median. One of created segments is then chosen according to its possibilities of a behavioral change related to healthy lifestyle. The thesis is concluded with a design of a new public health brand and associated campaign both designed in order to appeal to selected segment according to principles of public health branding.

Common juniper (Juniperus communis subs. Communis) is a shrub or a tree original in Czech Republic which was widespread there in the past. It grows either in lowlands or in mountains and it is undemanding to the soil. Nowadays, there is a lower number of it because of economic transformation in landscape. In consequence of this, it is on the list of endangered species of Czech Republic. The aim of this project was to chart the current state of population of common juniper in region "Mšály" (in The Protected Landscape Area of Třeboňsko). 144 living specimens were founded there. Dendrometry, mensuration of the specimens by GPS and drawing the new maps was realised. Another aim was comparison of the new data with the results of the research in 2004 2007. It was ascertained, that the observed population has a decreasing tendency in it's quantity. The average height of a specimen in the population has grew from 0,8 m to 4,9 m since 2007.

The thesis focuses on the topic of healthy lifestyle of young population from a generic point of view as well as from the closer point of view of a diet. The theoretical part talks about main factors of healthy lifestyle on physical, mental and social levels, and focuses on the lifestyle of the young population nowadays, their eating practice and the issue of school canteens associated with it. The practical part examines and evaluates the selected institution, i.e. a specific canteen in a secondary school. Attention is given to other eating options at school. The research addresses observing principles of healthy lifestyle by the given organisation and at the same time it maps the students approach. Subsequently, it proposes recommendations for changes to improve the existing situation.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the age and aging of the European population. At present, the aging process is affecting most countries in the Word. It occurs mainly in advanced countries, which includes most of the European countries. Population aging is linked to the process of the second demographic transition, which results in a change of the shares of the child´s and the old population. The main objective is to evaluate the age of individual regions (states) of Europe, according to various indicators, and thereafter to identify sub-regions in Europe according to the age of the population based on multidimensional statistical methods (point method, standardized variable method, factor and cluster analysis).

Food, growth, sex ratio and depth distribution of perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) were studied in Milada Lake, Most Lake and Barbora Lake. These lakes were artificialy created after a coal mining. Sex ratio and depth distribution were also compared with data gathered from Vír Reservoir and Římov Reservoir. Fish designed for the research were captured by gillnets. Age analysis was carried out by otolite scanning. Food, growth and depth distribution were analysed with consideration of size and sex of the fish.