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Šiame darbe buvo siekiama ištirti Lietuvos Persitvarkymo Sąjūdžio susiformavimą Šiaulių ir Trakų rajonuose, keliant klausimą, ar Sąjūdžio mikro tinklas susikūrė ant anksčiau egzistavusių socialinių tinklų pagrindo ir kas lėmė jo spartų išsiplėtimą. Sąjūdžio organizacinės prielaidos tiriamos remiantis socialinių tinklų analizės metodologine prieiga. Sąjūdžio susiformavimas tiriamas dviem analizės pjūviais: mikro tinklo ir individo lygmeniu. Mikro tinklo analizės pjūvis padės išsiaiškinti, kokių socialinių tinklų pagrindu kūrėsi Sąjūdžio rėmimo grupės, tarybos Trakų ir Šiaulių rajonuose. Pravartu tirti mikro tinklų lygmeniu, nes jis parodo vidinę kolektyvinio veiksmo dinamiką ir tarp tinklo narių esančią tarpusavio santykių konfigūraciją Šis analizės lygmuo parodo, kaip iš gana statiško socialinės struktūros transformuojamasi į dinamišką kolektyvinį veiksmą. Individo lygmuo padeda suvokti sąjūdiečių įsitraukimo į masinio judėjimo mikro tinklą motyvus, socialinės aplinkos patirties reikšmę (atsižvelgiant į baimės, pasitikėjimo faktorius) mikro tinklo vaidmenis, Šiaulių ir Trakų rajonų vietos specifikos įtaka mikro tinklo kūrimuisi.. Remiantis socialinių tinklų teorija tiriama mikro tinklo formavimosi pradiniame etape vidinė struktūra bei pačių sąjūdiečių vaidmuo, ryšių tipų įtaka. Darbe buvo keliama hipotezė, jog periferijos vietovėse gana ankstyvą Sąjūdžio mikro tinklų susikūrimą lėmė anksčiau egzistavę vietos problemos tinklai, o gana vėlyvą mikro tinklo susiformavimą įtakojo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this work was to analyze The Formation of Lithuanian Reform Movement by raising a question whether the Reform Movement micro-network formed on the preexisting network basis and what had a reason for its extention. The assumptions of the Reform Movement are analyzed through the methodological access of the social network analysis. The formation of the Reform Movement is analyzed in two sections: the micro-network and individual level. Micro-network analysis section will help to examine on what social network The Reform Movement support groups were forming in Šiauliai and Trakai districts. It is worthwhile to investigate the micro-level network because it reflects the internal dynamics of collective action among network members and the relationship between existing configuration. This level of analysis shows how the relatively static social structure transforms into a dynamic collective action. The individual level helps to find out the reasons of involvement in the mass movements of micro-network, social environment practises (taking into account the fear, confidence factors), also helps to find out the impact of Šiauliai and Trakai districts for micro-network formation. The structure of micro-network formation and the role of people acting in the movement were analyzed using the social network theory. In this work there was hypothesized that the formation of micro-networks was influenced by early local network problems and interpersonal networks. Social network... [to full text]

Das in Europa vorkommende Dobravavirus (DOBV) gehört zu den Hantaviren und wird durch die Gelbhalsmaus Apodemus flavicollis übertragen und kann im Menschen zu einem "Hämorrhagischen Fieber mit renalem Syndrom" (HFRS) führen. Das Nukleokapsidprotein (N) von Hantaviren ist stark immunogen in Menschen und eine Impfung mit rekombinanten N Derivativen wie chimaere Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Corepartikel oder das komplette N schützt in Nagetiermodellen vor einer Hantavirusinfektion. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Immunogenität von zwei auf dem DOBV N basierende Protein Derivativen in Mäusen getestet. Es wurden in E. coli exprimierte chimaere HBV Corepartikel verwendet, die einen Teil des DOBV N trugen (HBcdDOB120), sowie in Hefen eprimiertes komplettes DOBV rN. Anschließend wurden BALB/c und C57BL/6 Mäuse mit den jeweiligen Proteinen immunisiert. Sowohl BALB/c, als auch C57BL/6 Mäuse entwickelten eine starke, langanhaltende N-spezifische Antikörperantwort, die eine starke Kreuzreaktivität gegenüber der rN anderer Hantaviren aufwiesen, nach Impfung mit HBcdDOB120 oder DOBV rN-Protein. Es wurden Antikörper aller IgG Subklassen, sowie N-spezifische IFN-( und IL-4 sekretierende Lymphozyten induziert, was auf eine gemischte Th1/Th2 Antwort schließen lies. Die Frequenz der durch die Immunisierungen induzierte N-spezifischen Lymphozyten war allerdings gering. Auch in Mäusen, die hohe HBc-spezifische Antikörpertiter aufwiesen konnte eine starke N-spezifische Antikörperantwort mittels Impfung mit HBcdDOB120 induziert werden. HBcdDOB120 und DOBV rN stellen vielversprechende Vakzinekandidaten dar, die auf ihre Protektivität hin getestet werden sollten. Da HBcdDOB120 sowie DOBV rN eine starke Antikörperantwort und nur eine schwache T-Zellantwort induzieren sollte zusätzlich die Rolle von N-spezifischen Antikörpern im Schutz gegen die Virusinfektion weiter charakterisiert werden. / In Europe, the hantavirus Dobrava (DOBV) is carried by the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis and causes "haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome" in humans. The nucleocapsid protein (N) is very immunogenic in infections of humans and rodents. Immunisation with N protein derivatives, like chimeric hepatitis B virus core (HBc) particles and entire recombinant N could protect rodents from a hantavirus infection. In this study, the immunogenicity of the two following derivatives based on the DOBV N protein was tested in mice. Chimeric HBV core particles, consisting of truncated HBc (HBcd) particles carrying part of the DOBV N (HBcdDOB120) were expressed in E. coli and the entire DOBV rN in yeast. Hence BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were immunised subcoutanously with both antigens. Mice of both strains elicited strong and longlived N-specific antibody responses after HBcdDOB120 as well as after DOBV rN immunisation. Both derivatives induced antibodies that were highly cross-reactive to the rN of the hantaviruses Puumala, Hantaan, Andes and Sin Nombre. HBcdDOB120 and DOBV rN induced N-specific antibodies of all IgG subclasses, suggesting a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. In the same line, IFN-( and IL-4 was secreted by N-specific lymphocytes from mice immunised with HBcdDOB120 or DOBV rN after in vitro restimulation which also indicated a mixed Th1/Th2 response. However, the frequency of N-specific lymphocytes was low. In mice that exhibited a high HBc-specific antibody titer HBcdDOB120 also induced a strong N-specific immune response. HBcdDOB120 and DOBV rN represent promising vaccine candidates that should be tested for their protective potential in a DOBV challenge model as soon as one gets available. Additionally, as protection might be partially based on N-specific antibodies, their role in protecting against a hantavirus infection should be characterised further.

在資訊爆炸的時代，行銷商在傳遞行銷訊息上面臨了巨大的難題，迫使市場繁衍出全新的行銷方式以抓住消費者的目光，隱性行銷便是這變革中的其一。在台灣，隱性行銷的運用方式除了商品置入外，另一較常見的就是「部落格行銷」。 只是當部落格沾染上行銷的色彩時，讀者將無法分辨文章的內容到底是出自於部落客的個人經驗或是廣告美言，也許會因此破壞讀者對部落客的好感與信任。 本研究目的為探討時尚美妝部落格商業意圖揭露（有／無）與商業意圖揭露時機（前／後）是否會對部落客的態度造成影響；此外本研究亦想探討消費者對商業意圖揭露的既存態度（高／低）是否也是影響該消費者對部落客態度的潛在因素。 本研究採取「實驗室研究法」，並以美妝保養部落格為例。實驗共分為三組（無揭露／揭露於產品置入之前／揭露於產品置入之後），對商業意圖揭露的既存態度則為調節因素。實驗對象主要為國立政治大學曾經在欲購買某產品前有先透過部落格搜集相關資訊的女學生共90人。統計工具使用SPSS進行分析，以檢驗本研究之模型及相關假設。 依據本研究結果，文章商業意圖揭露的有無與時機並不會顯著影響讀者對部落客的態度，另外讀者對商業意圖揭露的既存態度亦不會調節文章商業意圖揭露對部落客態度的影響。

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The purpose of this research is to investigate and to demonstrate the interface of archaeology in restoration interventions in the preexisting architectural heritage. In this context, the restoration of the “Quarteirão dos Trapiches” or Trapiches Block, a current university campus of the Federal University of Sergipe, carried out by the Programa Monumenta in the city of Laranjeiras/Se will be examined. The interaction between archaeology and restoration started in Brasil in the 1960’s with the beginning of Historic Archaeology research, and in the international context, since the first half of the 20th century through the recommendations of the international heritage charters, which followed international meetings of experts in cultural conservation and restoration. The main research aims are: 1) to identify the fundamental aspects of the restoration theories and their interface with the archaeological research; 2) To investigate the archaeological praxis in the preexisting architectural heritage and its contribution for the restoration project; and 3), to reveal institutional aspects which settle postures and practices referred to archaeology and for the preservation of the architectural heritage. / O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é investigar e demonstrar a interface da arqueologia em intervenções restaurativas na preexistência arquitetônica de valor patrimonial. Para tanto será examinada a “Restauração do Quarteirão dos Trapiches”, atual Campus da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, executada pelo Programa Monumenta na cidade de Laranjeiras/SE. A interação entre arqueologia e restauração se materializou no Brasil na década de 1960 com o início das pesquisas em Arqueologia Histórica e é proclamada no contexto internacional desde a primeira metade do século XX com as recomendações das Cartas Patrimoniais, resultantes de sucessivos encontros internacionais de especialistas no campo da preservação do patrimônio cultural. Desta forma estão delineados os seguintes objetivos específicos: 1) Identificar os aspectos fundamentais da Teoria da Restauração e sua interface com a pesquisa arqueológica; 2) Investigar as práticas arqueológicas na preexistência arquitetônica e sua contribuição para o projeto de restauração; e 3) Revelar os aspectos institucionais que regulamentam posturas e práticas referentes à arqueologia e à preservação do patrimônio arquitetônico.