According to the experts, the breastfeeding support and education of mothers in the Czech Republic is insuficient. There is declining number of children who are brestfed exclusively to six months of life, premature babies posing even greater problem in this matter. Much of this problematic trend resides in the lack of support for mothers. A major problem in the Czech Republic is the fact that there are still a few maternity hospitals which are arranged so that mothers can be with their babies immediately after birth, especially if we talk about preterm newborns. Breastfeeding is the most important way to ensure the healthiest nutritional needs of an infant. It allows not only nutrition, but also feeling of safety and security, which is very important in proper development of the child. Furthermore, the breastfeeding contributes to the creation of solid emotional relationship between mother and child. Among other things, breastfeeding is undoubtedly the cheapest possible child nutrition. Goal of this thesis is to draw attention to a small number of premature babies, who are fully breastfed at discharge from the hospital leading to many negative consequences such as reduced immunity, psychosocial issues, et cetera. In our opinion, the problem is caused by lack of time, excessive workload of nurses and doctors' little initiative. Through this thesis we would like to draw attention to current knowledge and information about the breastfeeding preterm infants in perinatal centers. We also mapped the number of premature babies fully breastfed at discharge from hospital and identified through research the causes of low prevalence of breastfeeding these children. Another objective was to map the knowledge and skills of nurses in practice, to determine the connection between these skills and the difference in diet between compared hospitals. Finally, we propose solutions to the identifed shortcomings. The theoretical part processed characteristics of a premature baby, anatomy and physiology of breastfeeding and its benefits for the child, proper breastfeeding technique, the importance of nurses in the management of breastfeeding and activities to promote breastfeeding in the Czech Republic and in the world. In the empirical part we used qualitative and quantitative research. We collected data in three randomly selected perinatal centers in the Czech Republic during the fourth quarter of 2012. The stated objectives of the study were processed using a questionnaire, content analysis of documents and methodology and regression trees. The research showed that all of the top centers have similar level of child care. However, there are significant differences in nutrition and ways of feeding the children and nursing care. The study showed that child nutrition at discharge from hospital is different, and this may have an impact on the later development of the child, as evidenced by other studies. Differences in nursing care most relevant to the proper and effective education of the mothers, which both can be observed from the investigation, have the greatest impact on the type of diet at the end of the hospitalization of the infant.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Bakgrund: Barnhälsovårdens uppdrag är att arbeta hälsofrämjande och förebyggande med alla barn och deras familjer. Att bli förälder till ett prematurfött barn har i studier visat sig ha långtgående effekter på familjen. Krisreaktioner som stress, ångest och oro är vanliga hos föräldrarna. I takt med att fler barn som föds för tidigt överlever, förändras kraven på barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskorna och familjernas behov av insatser från barnhälsovården. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att möta familjer med prematurfödda barn inom barnhälsovården. Metod: Kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats. Semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskor. Data analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visar att barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskorna värdesätter tidigare yrkeserfarenhet och kunnighet i mötet med familjerna. Oavsett erfarenhet, var de i behov av och värdesatte kontinuerlig fortbildning. Möten med familjer i kris gjorde barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskorna osäkra eftersom de saknade formell utbildning kring sådana samtal. Barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskorna arbetar familjefokuserat och anpassar barnhälsovårdens program efter barnets och familjens behov. Utgångspunkten var barnets hälsa snarare än dess prematuritet. Barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskorna framhöll att tidig kontakt med familjen stärkte den kommande relationen.  Slutsats: Barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskorna är i behov av kontinuerlig fortbildning samt utbildning i hur man möter en familj i kris. Genom att arbeta familjefokuserat, stöttar de familjerna till en fungerande vardag och att se det friska hos barnet. Tidig kontakt med familjen främjar relationen mellan dem och barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskorna. Få studier är gjorda där barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter beskrivs, vilket motiverar nyttan med studien. / Background: Primary child health care offer health support and promotion to all families. Studies have shown that the birth of a premature child has long-term effects on the family. Stress reactions such as worrying and anxiety were common with the parents. Improved survival rates in premature children therefore create new demands on primary child health care nurses and the support families need from the primary child health care.  Aim: The aim of this study was to describe primary health care nurses’ experiences of meeting families with premature children in a primary child health care context. Method: Qualitative research design with inductive approach. Semistructured interviews with eight primary child health care nurses. Data was analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The result implies that the nurses value professional experience and knowledge. Regardless of work life experience, all nurses requested further training. Meeting families with traumatic experiences, made the nurses insecure since they lacked formal training in dealing with such situations. The nurses applied family-centered care to all meetings with the families, adapting the child health care program to the needs of the child and its family. Health rather than conditions related to the prematurity was the center of attention. The nurses agreed that meeting the families at an early stage was imperative to building their forthcoming relationship. Conclusion: The nurses need further professional knowledge and as well as training in how to respond to a family crisis. By applying family-centered care to all families, the nurses give families support in day-to-day life and promote child health. Early connection between nurses and families boosts their relationship. Research into primary child health care nurses’ experiences is limited which motivates this study’s relevance.

A pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo famílias com crianças com atraso de desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor devido à prematuridade e que estão em atendimento interdisciplinar em equoterapia, abordagem terapêutica que tem como recurso primordial o cavalo e seu ambiente. Ela foi realizada com duas crianças do Núcleo de Equoterapia do Caxangá Golf & Country Club, suas respectivas famílias e profissionais que acompanham as crianças na equoterapia. Os instrumentos utilizados constaram de observação das crianças nas sessões; entrevista com terapeutas da instituição, com os pais e, quando necessário, outros cuidadores. Foi constatada a importância do vínculo da criança com o animal para sua maior participação na terapia e para o investimento familiar, e como este interfere positivamente no andamento da terapia; a importância da interação entre a criança, a equipe e outros praticantes no processo de socialização; a adequação dos estímulos do ambiente equoterápico pela equipe interdisciplinar, bem como as trocas entre ela e a família; o conhecimento da história da criança para compreensão de seu comportamento e eventos familiares; a importância do feedback da criança quanto ao seu desenvolvimento para o sistema familiar permanecer investindo e acreditando. Percebeu-se melhora da criança no aspecto socioafetivo, facilitando e sendo facilitado pelas relações familiares. Portanto, através da pesquisa puderam ser compreendidas as repercussões da equoterapia, bem como seus elementos intervenientes no desenvolvimento socioafetivo da criança com retardo neuropsicomotor por prematuridade / This research has as objective to study families of children that have a delay on neuropsicomotor development due to prematurity and that are frequenting an interdisciplinary therapy called equine therapy, a therapeutical approach that has as primordial source the horse and its environment. It was carried through with two children of the Caxangá Golf & Country Club Nucleus of Equine therapy, its respective families and professionals who accompany the children in the therapeutical process. The instruments used consisted of comments of the children in the sessions; interviews with therapists of the institution, with the parents and, when necessary, with other carers. The importance of the bond of the child with the animal was evidenced by its bigger participation in the therapy and by the family investment, as this intervenes positively to the course of the therapy; the importance of the interaction between the child, the team and other practitioners in the socialization process; the adequacy of the stimulations of the equine therapy environment by the interdisciplinary team, as well as the exchanges between them and the family; the knowledge of the childs family history for understanding its behavior and family events; the importance of the childs feedback as to its development in the family to remain investing and believing. An improvement of the child in the socio-affective aspect was perceived, facilitating and being facilitated by the family relations. Therefore, through the research we understood the repercussions of the equine therapy, as well as its intervening elements in the socioaffective development of the child with neuropsicomotor retardation due to prematurity

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Queiroz.pdf: 2001077 bytes, checksum: 8aba3c882bd8bb51ebc93f0eff75c16f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-12-29 / This research has as objective to study families of children that have a delay on neuropsicomotor development due to prematurity and that are frequenting an interdisciplinary therapy called equine therapy, a therapeutical approach that has as primordial source the horse and its environment. It was carried through with two children of the Caxangá Golf & Country Club Nucleus of Equine therapy, its respective families and professionals who accompany the children in the therapeutical process. The instruments used consisted of comments of the children in the sessions; interviews with therapists of the institution, with the parents and, when necessary, with other carers. The importance of the bond of the child with the animal was evidenced by its bigger participation in the therapy and by the family investment, as this intervenes positively to the course of the therapy; the importance of the interaction between the child, the team and other practitioners in the socialization process; the adequacy of the stimulations of the equine therapy environment by the interdisciplinary team, as well as the exchanges between them and the family; the knowledge of the child s family history for understanding its behavior and family events; the importance of the child s feedback as to its development in the family to remain investing and believing. An improvement of the child in the socio-affective aspect was perceived, facilitating and being facilitated by the family relations. Therefore, through the research we understood the repercussions of the equine therapy, as well as its intervening elements in the socioaffective development of the child with neuropsicomotor retardation due to prematurity / A pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo famílias com crianças com atraso de desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor devido à prematuridade e que estão em atendimento interdisciplinar em equoterapia, abordagem terapêutica que tem como recurso primordial o cavalo e seu ambiente. Ela foi realizada com duas crianças do Núcleo de Equoterapia do Caxangá Golf & Country Club, suas respectivas famílias e profissionais que acompanham as crianças na equoterapia. Os instrumentos utilizados constaram de observação das crianças nas sessões; entrevista com terapeutas da instituição, com os pais e, quando necessário, outros cuidadores . Foi constatada a importância do vínculo da criança com o animal para sua maior participação na terapia e para o investimento familiar, e como este interfere positivamente no andamento da terapia; a importância da interação entre a criança, a equipe e outros praticantes no processo de socialização; a adequação dos estímulos do ambiente equoterápico pela equipe interdisciplinar, bem como as trocas entre ela e a família; o conhecimento da história da criança para compreensão de seu comportamento e eventos familiares; a importância do feedback da criança quanto ao seu desenvolvimento para o sistema familiar permanecer investindo e acreditando. Percebeu-se melhora da criança no aspecto socioafetivo, facilitando e sendo facilitado pelas relações familiares. Portanto, através da pesquisa puderam ser compreendidas as repercussões da equoterapia, bem como seus elementos intervenientes no desenvolvimento socioafetivo da criança com retardo neuropsicomotor por prematuridade