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Regime legal de bens: estudo sobre a opção legislativaChaves, Yara Diwonko Brasil 22 May 2012 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2012-05-22 / The property regime chosen to apply between spouses implies
several consequences in the administration of property and family
relations ships. This study is primarily designed to evaluate the elements
and conjecture economic, legal and social legislation that led to the
country to choose the regime of partial community property as statutory
or supplementary, applied to situations where the spouses do not realize
deed of prenuptial agreement with arrangements other than marriage set
to take effect.
The agreament of comparative law, in this narrow way, appears as
a necessary tool for understanding the legislative option. Reflections on
the historical evolution of the institute and the intense debates taking
place in the doctrine and case law after the enactment of Law 6515 of
December 26, 1977, also assist in the task of making more effective the
analysis desired.
The study of property regime is a tool to solve increasingly
intricate issues, raised by the continuous evolution of the world and
busnises a society increasingly multiple relationships, goals and interests / O regime patrimonial escolhido para vigorar entre os cônjuges
implica inúmeras consequências na administração dos bens e nas relações
familiares do casal. O presente estudo tem por finalidade precípua avaliar
os elementos e conjecturas econômicas, jurídicas e sociais que levaram a
legislação pátria a optar pelo regime da comunhão parcial de bens como
regime legal ou supletivo, aplicado às situações em que os nubentes não
realizam escritura de pacto antenupcial com regime diverso do
estabelecido para vigorar no casamento.
A abordagem de direito comparado, nesse caminho estreito,
aparece como ferramenta necessária para a compreensão da opção
legislativa. Reflexões acerca da evolução histórica do instituto e dos
intensos debates promovidos na doutrina e na jurisprudência após a
edição da Lei 6515, de 26 de dezembro de 1977, também auxiliam na
tarefa de tornar mais efetiva a análise pretendida.
O estudo do regime patrimonial é ferramenta para a resolução de
questões cada vez mais intrincadas, suscitadas pela contínua evolução do
mundo negocial e por uma sociedade cada vez mais múltipla de
relacionamentos, objetivos e interesses
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Beginsels by herverdeling van bates by huwelike buite gemeenskap van goed : met spesifieke verwysing na die begrippe "bydrae" en "skuld"Strijdom, Bartholomeus 06 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / By ontbinding van 'n huwelik buite gemeenskap van goed beskik die hof oor 'n
diskresionere bevoegdheid om 'n herverdeling van bates van die onderskeie boedels te
gelas. Die voorvereiste, naamlik 'n bydrae tot die instandhouding of vergroting van die
boedel van die ander en die uitleg van die bewoording van die wet bring egter mee dat
die hof se diskresie om 'n billike herverdeling te beveel ingekort is. Bydrae behoort op
gelyke vlak tesarne met al die relevante faktore 'n rol te speel. Huwelikswangedrag
behoort 'n beperkte rol te speel by herverdelingsbevele. In sekere gevalle sal dit egter
onbillik wees om skuld as faktor te ignoreer. Die skuld van die party teen wie die
verdeling gevra word behoort nie 'n rol te speel nie. Sekere wetswysiginge is nodig ten
einde die doel van die wet, naamlik bereiking van geregtigheid tussen die partye, te
bewerkstellig. / On dissolution of a maniage out of commwrity of property the court has discretionary
power to order a distribution of the assets of the different estates. The precondition,
namely a contribution to the maintenance or increase of the estate of the other, and the
interpretation of the words of the act, however, results in a curtailment of the court's
discretion to order a just and equitable distribution. Contribution should play a role on
the same level as all the other relevant factors. Misconduct should play a restricted role
in a redistribution order. However, in certain cases it would be inequitable to ignore
misconduct as a factor. The misconduct of the party against whom the redistribution is
sought should not play a role. Certain amendments of the act are necessary to achieve
the aim of the act, namely the attaining of equity between the parties. / Private Law / LL. M.
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Manželské majetkové právo / Law regulating property of spousesNěmečková, Adéla January 2017 (has links)
The topic of my diploma thesis is "Law regulating property of spouses". The diploma thesis concerning marital property law is focused mainly on community property. This institute comes into power as a result of entering into a marriage. The aim of the diploma thesis is to describe ways how to secure separate property of spouses in a marriage. The thesis consists of seven chapters, the first chapter is an introduction to this topic and the seventh chapter is a conclusion. The second chapter of my thesis is devoted mainly to the historical development of the community property since 1811 to the current legislation often called as the "new" Civil Code (no. 89/2012). The diploma thesis describes in its third chapter which property consists of community property and which property is excluded from community property. The fourth chapter is focused on a division of community property in case of dissolution of a marriage. Community property can be divided equally between spouses (a husband and a wife) or differently. Spouses can agree on the division of property or it could be decided by court ruling. If either of the spouses does not ask for court decision, the division of community property is achieved by legal presumption (the rules set in the Civil Code for the division of property used after certain...
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Manželské majetkové právo / Law regulating property of spousesKühnová, Nela January 2018 (has links)
The topic of this Master thesis is Matrimonial property law, that is encoded within the Act no. 89/2012 Sb., Civil Code. The aim of this thesis is to analyze and describe current matrimonial property law regime, mainly the community property regime. The focus is on defining the legal framework of the community property regime and its modification options, such as community property contract or court decision. It also provides a look at the possibilities of protection and defense of the so called debt- free spouse. The text of the thesis is divided into seven chapters, introduction and conclusion. The first chapter provides a definition of some basic terms, such as the matrimonial property law and community property regime. The second chapter focuses on the legal provisions of the community property regime, meaning the general regime. It describes the scope of the community property regime, the assets and liabilities within and out of the scope of the community property. It also introduces the asset management within the community property legal framework. The aim of the third chapter is the contractual community property, as set out by the legal provisions. The law allows for three, alternatively four types of contractual regimes, such as separate property, regime that reserves the moment of...
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Pacto antenupcial no Brasil: formalidades e conteúdo / Pre nuptial agreement in Brazil: formalities and contentCardoso, Fabiana Domingues 20 March 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-03-20 / This study focuses the Pre Nuptial Agreement, analyzing the formalities
required for its elaboration, as well as, the legal aspects and possibilities of its content,
emphasizing the prevention against litigation that the institute can offer, which is currently
not much explored in the national scenery. This work studies the legal business elaborated
by the spouses before they get married institutes rules, mainly on the future family s
patrimony. It regards and presents the legal nature of the pre nuptial agreement, and
focuses the importance of such agreement as a tool to prevent disputes in the ambit of
family law, presenting its legal and social usefulness. This study also debates forms for the
optimization of the use of this tool. This study details the formal elements indispensable to
any pre nuptial agreement, as well as the doctrinaire and jurisprudential views on the
agreement content. This work also demonstrates a brief background of family and marriage
in order to make the understanding of its main subject easier. It presents a number of types
of property rulings, how they are dealt with in the Brazilian legal system and their
correlation with the pre nuptial agreement. The study also explores examples of provisions
that may be set forth in clauses of pre nuptial agreements, both in the patrimonial and
extra-patrimonial ambits. It points out polemic matters related to the pre nuptial
agreements, debating hypothesis of solution for each of them. Furthermore, it presents the
effect of the pre nuptial agreement in private international law and the hypothesis of
invalidity of pre nuptial conventions / O presente trabalho aborda o Pacto Antenupcial, analisando as formalidades
exigidas para sua elaboração, bem como os aspectos e possibilidades jurídicas do seu
conteúdo, enfatizando a função preventiva a litígios que o instituto pode oferecer,
atualmente pouco explorado no cenário nacional. Explora o negócio jurídico elaborado
pelos nubentes antes do casamento que institui regras especialmente sobre o patrimônio da
futura família. Conceitua e apresenta a natureza jurídica do pacto antenupcial, e foca a
importância do pacto como ferramenta de prevenção de conflitos no âmbito do direito de
família, apresentando sua utilidade jurídica e social. Também debate formas para a
otimização do uso dessa ferramenta. Detalha os elementos formais indispensáveis a
qualquer pacto pré-nupcial, bem como apresenta exemplos e o enfoque doutrinário e
jurisprudencial sobre o conteúdo dos pactos. Demonstra uma breve evolução histórica da
família e do casamento visando auxiliar o entendimento do tema principal. Apresenta as
diversas espécies de regimes de bens, seu tratamento no ordenamento jurídico nacional e a
correlação com o pacto antenupcial. Explora exemplos de conteúdo clausulares que os
pactos podem conter, tanto no âmbito patrimonial, quanto no extra-patrimonial. Aponta
questões polêmicas relativas aos pactos, debatendo hipóteses de solução a cada uma delas.
Ademais, apresenta a repercussão do pacto antenupcial no direito internacional privado e
as hipóteses de invalidade das convenções pré-nupciais
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Beginsels by herverdeling van bates by huwelike buite gemeenskap van goed : met spesifieke verwysing na die begrippe "bydrae" en "skuld"Strijdom, Bartholomeus 06 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / By ontbinding van 'n huwelik buite gemeenskap van goed beskik die hof oor 'n
diskresionere bevoegdheid om 'n herverdeling van bates van die onderskeie boedels te
gelas. Die voorvereiste, naamlik 'n bydrae tot die instandhouding of vergroting van die
boedel van die ander en die uitleg van die bewoording van die wet bring egter mee dat
die hof se diskresie om 'n billike herverdeling te beveel ingekort is. Bydrae behoort op
gelyke vlak tesarne met al die relevante faktore 'n rol te speel. Huwelikswangedrag
behoort 'n beperkte rol te speel by herverdelingsbevele. In sekere gevalle sal dit egter
onbillik wees om skuld as faktor te ignoreer. Die skuld van die party teen wie die
verdeling gevra word behoort nie 'n rol te speel nie. Sekere wetswysiginge is nodig ten
einde die doel van die wet, naamlik bereiking van geregtigheid tussen die partye, te
bewerkstellig. / On dissolution of a maniage out of commwrity of property the court has discretionary
power to order a distribution of the assets of the different estates. The precondition,
namely a contribution to the maintenance or increase of the estate of the other, and the
interpretation of the words of the act, however, results in a curtailment of the court's
discretion to order a just and equitable distribution. Contribution should play a role on
the same level as all the other relevant factors. Misconduct should play a restricted role
in a redistribution order. However, in certain cases it would be inequitable to ignore
misconduct as a factor. The misconduct of the party against whom the redistribution is
sought should not play a role. Certain amendments of the act are necessary to achieve
the aim of the act, namely the attaining of equity between the parties. / Private Law / LL. M.
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Eine translationsorientierte Rechtsvergleichung anhand von deutschen und französischen EheverträgenGairing, Sarah 11 May 2023 (has links)
In der Arbeit wird eine translationsorientierte Rechtsvergleichung des deutschen und französischen Güterrechts vorgenommen, um daraus übersetzungsrelevante Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Textsorte Ehevertrag abzuleiten. Die grundsätzliche Fragestellung lautet, wie Eheleute ihre güterrechtlichen Verhältnisse in Deutschland und Frankreich per Ehevertrag regeln können. Nach ausführlichen Länderberichten werden ausgewählte Ehevertragsmuster exemplarisch dargestellt. Parallel dazu wird ein zweisprachiges Glossar erstellt, das relevante güterrechtliche Termini mit teils eigenen Übersetzungsvorschlägen enthält.
Ziel der Arbeit ist es, dem/der Übersetzer:in eine Übersicht über die güterrechtlichen Strukturen beider Länder zu vermitteln und konkrete Übersetzungsvorschläge zu bieten, insbesondere auch für nicht deckungsgleiche Termini und Rechtsinstitute.
Die Arbeit soll damit angesichts einer zunehmenden Zahl von Ehen mit Auslandsbezug oder binationalen Ehen einen rechtstranslatologsichen und translationspraktischen Beitrag für Übersetzer:innen leisten.:1 Einleitung
1.1 Statistiken
1.2 Abgrenzung zu PACS
2 Textsorte Ehevertrag
2.1 Begriffliche Definitionen
2.2 Übersetzungspraxis bei Eheverträgen
2.3 Besonderheiten des Urkundenübersetzens
2.4 Besonderheiten des juristischen Übersetzens: zwischen Sprach- und Rechtsvergleich
3 Grundsätzlicher Aufbau des deutschen und französischen Rechtssystems
3.1 Unterschiedliche Rechtskreise
3.2 Tendenz der Annäherung nationaler Rechtssysteme
3.3 Unterschiedliche Kodifikationsstile des BGB und C. civ.
3.4 Einführung in das Vertragsrecht
3.4.1 Das deutsche Vertragsrecht
3.4.2 Das französische Vertragsrecht
3.4.3 Bewertung von Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden
3.5 Funktionale Rechtsvergleichung als Mittel der Wahl
4 Länderberichte: Güterrecht in Deutschland und Frankreich
4.1 Deutschland
4.1.1 Einführung in das deutsche Güterrecht
4.1.2 Der gesetzliche Güterstand der Zugewinngemeinschaft
4.1.3 Vertragliche Güterstände
a. Die Gütertrennung
b. Die Gütergemeinschaft
4.2 Frankreich
4.2.1 Einführung in das französische Güterrecht
4.2.2 Der gesetzliche Güterstand der communauté réduite aux acquêts
a. Vergleich der gesetzlichen Güterstande in Deutschland und Frankreich
4.2.3 Vertragliche Güterstände
a. Die communauté universelle
b. Die communauté de meubles et acquêts
c. Die séparation des biens
d. Die participation aux acquêts
4.3 Abschließende Bewertung von Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden
4.4 Güterrecht bei Ehen mit Auslandsbezug
4.4.1 EU-Verordnungen zum Güterrecht
4.4.2 Probleme bei Ehen mit Auslandsbezug
4.5 Die deutsch-französische Wahl-Zugewinngemeinschaft
4.5.1 Bestrebungen zur Vereinheitlichung des Güterrechts
5 Der Ehevertrag aus juristischer Perspektive
5.1 Der deutsche Ehevertrag
5.1.1 Funktion und Regelungsinhalte
a. Eheverträge im engeren Sinne
b. Eheverträge im weiteren Sinne
c. Abgrenzung zu Scheidungsfolgen- und Trennungsvereinbarungen
5.1.2 Abschluss und Wirksamkeitsvoraussetzungen
5.1.3 Inhaltliche Vertragsfreiheit und ihre Grenzen
5.2 Der französische Ehevertrag
5.2.1 Funktion und Regelungsinhalte
5.2.2 Avantages matrimoniaux (güterrechtliche Vorteile)
5.2.3 Abschluss und Wirksamkeitsvoraussetzungen
5.2.4 Inhaltliche Vertragsfreiheit und ihre Grenzen
5.3 Bewertung von Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden
6 Eheverträge aus translatorischer Perspektive
6.1 Betrachtung ausgewählter Vertragsmuster
6.2 Textsortenkonventionen
6.3 Übersetzungsverfahren
7 Zusammenfassung und abschließende Bewertung
Verzeichnisse und Anhänge
Literatur
Ehevertragsmuster
Glossar / The main focus of the thesis lies on a translation-oriented legal comparison of the German and French matrimonial property law. The goal is to identify legal, formal, and linguistic similarities and differences of prenuptial agreements in Germany and France, which might be important for translators.
The central question of the research is how spouses can set up their property relations in Germany and in France through prenuptial agreements. After a detailed representation of the country specific legal structures, some German and French prenuptial agreements will be discussed as examples. The final section consists of a bilingual glossary which contains relevant legal terminology in this field with possible translation solutions.
The main goal of the paper is to provide translators with an overview of the German and French property law system and to offer potential translation solutions, especially with respect to terms and legal institutions without direct equivalents in the other legal system.:1 Einleitung
1.1 Statistiken
1.2 Abgrenzung zu PACS
2 Textsorte Ehevertrag
2.1 Begriffliche Definitionen
2.2 Übersetzungspraxis bei Eheverträgen
2.3 Besonderheiten des Urkundenübersetzens
2.4 Besonderheiten des juristischen Übersetzens: zwischen Sprach- und Rechtsvergleich
3 Grundsätzlicher Aufbau des deutschen und französischen Rechtssystems
3.1 Unterschiedliche Rechtskreise
3.2 Tendenz der Annäherung nationaler Rechtssysteme
3.3 Unterschiedliche Kodifikationsstile des BGB und C. civ.
3.4 Einführung in das Vertragsrecht
3.4.1 Das deutsche Vertragsrecht
3.4.2 Das französische Vertragsrecht
3.4.3 Bewertung von Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden
3.5 Funktionale Rechtsvergleichung als Mittel der Wahl
4 Länderberichte: Güterrecht in Deutschland und Frankreich
4.1 Deutschland
4.1.1 Einführung in das deutsche Güterrecht
4.1.2 Der gesetzliche Güterstand der Zugewinngemeinschaft
4.1.3 Vertragliche Güterstände
a. Die Gütertrennung
b. Die Gütergemeinschaft
4.2 Frankreich
4.2.1 Einführung in das französische Güterrecht
4.2.2 Der gesetzliche Güterstand der communauté réduite aux acquêts
a. Vergleich der gesetzlichen Güterstande in Deutschland und Frankreich
4.2.3 Vertragliche Güterstände
a. Die communauté universelle
b. Die communauté de meubles et acquêts
c. Die séparation des biens
d. Die participation aux acquêts
4.3 Abschließende Bewertung von Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden
4.4 Güterrecht bei Ehen mit Auslandsbezug
4.4.1 EU-Verordnungen zum Güterrecht
4.4.2 Probleme bei Ehen mit Auslandsbezug
4.5 Die deutsch-französische Wahl-Zugewinngemeinschaft
4.5.1 Bestrebungen zur Vereinheitlichung des Güterrechts
5 Der Ehevertrag aus juristischer Perspektive
5.1 Der deutsche Ehevertrag
5.1.1 Funktion und Regelungsinhalte
a. Eheverträge im engeren Sinne
b. Eheverträge im weiteren Sinne
c. Abgrenzung zu Scheidungsfolgen- und Trennungsvereinbarungen
5.1.2 Abschluss und Wirksamkeitsvoraussetzungen
5.1.3 Inhaltliche Vertragsfreiheit und ihre Grenzen
5.2 Der französische Ehevertrag
5.2.1 Funktion und Regelungsinhalte
5.2.2 Avantages matrimoniaux (güterrechtliche Vorteile)
5.2.3 Abschluss und Wirksamkeitsvoraussetzungen
5.2.4 Inhaltliche Vertragsfreiheit und ihre Grenzen
5.3 Bewertung von Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden
6 Eheverträge aus translatorischer Perspektive
6.1 Betrachtung ausgewählter Vertragsmuster
6.2 Textsortenkonventionen
6.3 Übersetzungsverfahren
7 Zusammenfassung und abschließende Bewertung
Verzeichnisse und Anhänge
Literatur
Ehevertragsmuster
Glossar
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Problematika rozvodu manželství a jeho důsledků / The issues of marriage divorce and its consequencesNěmeček, Eduard January 2013 (has links)
Mr. Eduard Němeček, MD Divorce issue and its consequences Diploma Thesis 5. Summary: This work proposes a closer look at the divorce-related topics with consequential impacts both on financial situation of divorced spouses and destinies of minor children as resulting from divorced marriages in Czech Republic. Till date, this issue has been solved in different ways at both district and regional courts. In our republic, a more unifying element is represented by decisions of the Supreme and Constitutional Courts. This is a very serious social phenomenon which, according to statistics affects a large number of parents, children, but also childless partners. Yet from ancient times this phenomenon is known to be socially undesirable being almost entirely rejected by the Catholic Church in its canon law. The increase in divorces has resulted namely from the advancement procedure of society. It is a societal phenomenon known to occur irrelatively of the states and political systems, from the totalitarian regimes through those autocratic, up to highly democratic systems of developed countries worldwide. During the creation of this work, up to 40% of marriages have been critically monitored as expected to be ended in divorce. It's a long-term social phenomenon that surpassed all political systems from the...
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The need for a flexible and discretionary system of marital property distribution in the South African law of divorceLowndes, Gillian Claire 11 1900 (has links)
Substantive gender equality has yet to be achieved in South Africa. As such, when a decision is made for one of the spouses to a civil marriage to stay at home and care for the children born of the marriage, or make career sacrifices to care for children, that spouse is usually the wife. As a result, while the husband continues to amass wealth and grow his earning potential, the wife is unable to do so. In circumstances where such spouses are married out of community of property or subject to the accrual system with onerous exclusion clauses in the antenuptial contract, the wife may be left with little more than a claim for rehabilitative maintenance in the event of a divorce. The courts only have the discretion to make an equitable distribution of marital property in civil marriages with complete separation of property concluded prior to 1 November 1984 (or 2 December 1988) and customary marriages. It is arguable that this limitation of the judicial discretion violates the equality clause contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. A broad judicial discretion to equitably redistribute the spouses’ assets upon divorce is therefore proposed in this dissertation. / Private Law / LL.M.
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The need for a flexible and discretionary system of marital property distribution in the South African law of divorceLowndes, Gillian Claire 11 1900 (has links)
Substantive gender equality has yet to be achieved in South Africa. As such, when a decision is made for one of the spouses to a civil marriage to stay at home and care for the children born of the marriage, or make career sacrifices to care for children, that spouse is usually the wife. As a result, while the husband continues to amass wealth and grow his earning potential, the wife is unable to do so. In circumstances where such spouses are married out of community of property or subject to the accrual system with onerous exclusion clauses in the antenuptial contract, the wife may be left with little more than a claim for rehabilitative maintenance in the event of a divorce. The courts only have the discretion to make an equitable distribution of marital property in civil marriages with complete separation of property concluded prior to 1 November 1984 (or 2 December 1988) and customary marriages. It is arguable that this limitation of the judicial discretion violates the equality clause contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. A broad judicial discretion to equitably redistribute the spouses’ assets upon divorce is therefore proposed in this dissertation. / Private Law / LL. M.
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