The diploma thesis deals with the concept of Public private partnerships in the Czech Republic. Specifically it focuses on healthcare and social services. At first we introduce the partnership between the public and private sector in general. We inform about its forms, risks, advantages and disadvantages. We concentrate on legislative and institutional environment in the Czech Republic. The fundamental contribution of the thesis can be seen in monitoring of individual realized and unrealized projects. There we make effort to find common factors of their realization. The main aim is to answer the question whether PPP projects are appropriate tool for solving the situation in the health sector. The results show that the state PPP projects are not appropriate instrument to address investment in the current conditions. On the contrary better management is seen at municipalities especially in social services. PPP projects can not be seen as means of solving long-term problems in the health sector in the Czech Republic. In conclusion we give recommendation regarding application of the concept of PPP in the healthcare or the social services in this country.

The focus of this study is to critically analyse the legislative framework for private and public private zonemodels in Zambia. The analysisis against the background of Zambia’scommitment to promote private sector development and the initiative to use the investmentpolicy tool of special economic zones (SEZs). The analysis is based on the salient provisions of Zambia’s Development Agency Act and Public Private Partnerships Act which regulate SEZs and public private partnerships respectively.. The main question sought to be addressed is the efficacy of the legislative framework for private and public private model zones, taking into account accommodation of private sector participation and nature of the investment and business environment. In addressing this question this study will analyse the salient provisions of the aforementioned laws showing how private sector actors are accommodated in the development and operation of the zones.The provisions under the aforementioned laws are to an extent analysed in conjunction with some of Zambia’s international trade and investment obligations such as the World Trade organisation Trade Related Investment Measures. An examination of how the incentives in SEZs are used is also provided as well as some lessons from Ghana, Mauritius and identified international best practices The main findings of the study include the following:  In so far as admission of investors to develop and operate SEZs is concerned the legislative framework does not generally discriminate between local and foreign investors and that admission through PPPs accommodates various kinds of well-known PPPs, even allowing prospective investors to kick start projects through submission of unsolicited proposals;  The need for Zambia’s SEZ policy to continuously evolve and diversify by undergoing relevant changes and improvements so that it remains relevant and adapts to the evolving nature of market availability and needs of SEZs whilst leveraging on Zambia’s comparative advantages;  The interplay between SEZs and Zambia’s international obligations present challenges and opportunities and thus revealing cause for the better appreciation of opportunities and complexities of SEZ policies and consequence of Zambia’s membership in more than one regional arrangement Need to periodically review the incentive structure so that Zambia does not inadvertently loss revenue through incentives that do not necessarily prove useful to investors or yield the intended benefits for the country. Based on the foregoing findings, among others,this study concludes that factors relating to the establishment of SEZs in Zambia incorporate private sector participation through the lifecycle of SEZs, that is to say from the time the investment is sought to be made to when it is becomes operationalmaking significant stride towards achieving openness to private sector participation through private and public private zone models. Against the foregoing findings and conclusion this study recommends,interalia, forcontinuous and timely observation and assessment of the shifts in use of SEZ policies vis-à-vis changes in the macroeconomic conditions in whichthe SEZ policy is to be implemented and investor market availability. The rationale of the recommendation is so that any necessary review of the Zambian SEZ policy and pursuit of enhanced private sector development is done from an informed position. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / gm2015 / Centre for Human Rights / LLM / Unrestricted

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters (Information Science) in the Department of Library and Information Studies at the University of Zululand, 2017 / This study investigates the different medical records management regimes within public and private hospitals in the Umhlathuze Area, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The study made a comparison and examined whether the current management practices support service delivery in the context of the Batho Pele principles. In doing this, the study reviewed extensive literature on records management standards and theories, legislative framework of medical records in order to establish the extent of the level of compliance to the set regulatory framework in the management of medical records in South Africa. It also assessed the depth of the integration of ICTs in the management of medical records in South Africa. The targeted study sample in both the public and private hospital was 193. Of these, only 180 responded and this represented a respondent‟s rate of 93.5%. The study was largely a quantitative research. The study adopted a survey research design and used multiple forms of data collection techniques such as structured questionnaires, observations and document review. Quantitative data collected was analysed to obtain some descriptive statistics while qualitative data was analysed using content analysis to derive particular themes pertinent to the study. The two sets of results were compared and contrasted to produce a single interpretation and then conclusions were drawn. The study findings established that the records management practices in both hospitals were not well entrenched thus undermining quality health service delivery. This was evidenced by lack of awareness and existence of the records management policies and procedures manual; lack of adherence records management standard; lack of security measures, with rampant cases of missing files, folios and torn folders; delays in access and use of records; lack of an elaborate electronic records management programme and low levels of skill and training opportunities in records management. The use of paper records is still dominant in the public hospital; while the electronic medical record system was in place in the private hospital with some degree of success even though implementation challenges continue to exist. The integration of ICTs in the management of medical records was more evident in the private hospital while the public hospital continues to be underfunded undermining the current capacity for effective medical records management. The role of accurate, reliable and trustworthy medical records in the ii | P a g e context of quality health service delivery in accordance with Batho Pele principle in both hospitals remains problematic. In order to enhance the role of medical records for quality service delivery, the study recommended that a regulatory framework for records management should be developed and implemented in both hospitals. It is also recommended that more technical and human resource capacity is required in the public hospital to help speed up the services to its user while the private hospitals need to entrench their evolving capabilities in medical records management. The study further recommends that training around records management should be provided to all staff that deal with medical records management in both hospitals.

Orientador: Cândido Giraldez Vieitez / Banca: Nêusa Maria Dal Ri / Banca: Paulo Rodrigues Ribeiro da Cunha / Banca: Marília Faria de Miranda / Banca: Carlos Bauer / Resumo: O estudo teve como objetivo identificar a política de cooperação universidade-empresa da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - contrapondo os interesses do setor privado e os da universidade. Buscou analisar o posicionamento e a atuação da UNESP, identificar as políticas públicas de incentivo à cooperação, detectar a posição do segmento docente e, em última instância, analisar se os interesses da universidade e os interesses privados têm sido conciliados nas ações práticas da instituição. O objeto do estudo está contido no contexto de mudanças da universidade, provocadas principalmente pela diminuição do papel do Estado em vários setores, particularmente o educacional, que traz como uma das conseqüências o processo de privatização. O estudo considerou que a regulamentação da política universidadeempresa não é explícita, além de ser omissa e permissiva, ou seja, não foram identificadas, na pesquisa, ações efetivas no sentido de definir claramente as linhas de atuação para a parceria com o setor empresarial. Na atuação prática, constatou-se a inexistência de qualquer instrumento de controle dessas atividades, somada ao fato de o gerenciamento dos recursos obtidos pelos convênios ser feito pelas fundações de apoio sem a devida prestação de contas. Dessa forma, confirma-se a hipótese de que a falta de uma política explícita para as relações entre a universidade e a empresa tem favorecido os interesses privados das empresas e de um grupo de docentes envolvidos em detrimento dos interesses da universidade. Portanto, a política institucionalizada identificada parece possibilitar formas de privatização interna da UNESP, constituindo-se como um instrumento que favorece a instalação do processo de mercantilização na universidade. / Abstract: The study aimed to identify the cooperation policies of university-company of the State University - UNESP - interposing the interest of the private sector against those of the university. In intent to analyze UNESP actions and position, this work identified public policies of incentive for cooperation, detecting the teaching staff position, and as a final point analyzed whether the university and private interests have been coordinated with practical actions from the institution. The aim of the study was within the context of the academic changes, provoked mainly by the reduction of governmental roles into many sectors, particularly the educational one, consequently leading to a privatization process. The study considered that the regulations for university-company policies are not overt, besides they present omission and lenience, it means, effective actions were not identified during the research so to clearly define proactive approaches towards partnerships with the entrepreneur sector. At the practical action, this study has evidenced the lack of any controlling instrument for those activities, along with the fact that the management of resources obtained by grant foundations agreements were without due account reports. Therefore, the hypothesis of a lack of an overt policy was confirmed in regards to the relationship between university and the company, favoring private interests companies belonging to a group of academic staff- in detriment of the university own interest. As a conclusion, the identified institutionalized policy seems to enable ways that lead to internal privatization of UNESP, constituting itself as an instrument that favors the installment of a commercialization process into the university. / Doutor

Thesis is focused on the analysis of the application Public Private Partnership within the financing of public infrastructures projects. Public infrastructure financing has traditionally lain in the domain of public sector. A tightening of many countries' budgets recently has led to an exploration of alternative resources for financing transport infrastructure as e.g. PPP. The aim of the thesis is to compare or evaluate which form of financing (PPP or using only public finance esp. issue of public bonds) is more effective. The thesis is separate into 2 important parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part of the thesis provides the general description of PPP projects, international experiences and about the legal and institutional framework within the EU and Czech Republic. Practical part of the thesis is focused on the main advantages and disadvantages of PPP projects. Here is also part devoted to the financial models using for the comparison which form of financing (PPP or traditional public procurement) is more efficient. Conclusion of the thesis summarizes the gained findings and also assesses which form of financing is more efficient.

The central argument that I advance in this dissertation is that the influence of the Rockefeller Foundation (RF) and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) in the governance of global health and agricultural development has been derived from their ability to advance knowledge structures crafted to accommodate the preferences of the dominant states operating within the contexts where they have sought to catalyze change. Consequently, this dissertation provides a new way of conceptualizing knowledge power broadly conceived as well as private governance as it relates to the provision of public goods. In the first half of the twentieth-century, RF funds drove scientific research that produced tangible solutions, such as vaccines and high-yielding seed varieties, to longstanding problems undermining the health and wealth of developing countries emerging from the clutches of colonialism. At the country-level, the Foundation provided advanced training to a generation of agricultural scientists and health practitioners, and RF expertise was also pivotal to the creation of specialized International Organizations (IOs) for health (e.g. the League of Nations Health Organization) and agriculture (e.g. the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research) as well as many informal international networks of experts working to solve common problems. Finally in the neo-liberal era, RF effectively demonstrated how the public-private partnership paradigm could provide public goods in the face of externally imposed austerity constraining public sector capacity and the failure of the free-market to meet the needs of populations with limited purchasing power. Since its inception, the BMGF has demonstrated a similar commitment to underwriting innovation through science oriented towards reducing global health disparities and increasing agricultural productivity in poor countries, and has greatly expanded the application of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) approach in both health and agriculture. Unlike its intellectual forebear, BMGF has been far more focused on end-points and silver bullets than investing directly in the training of human resources. Moreover whereas RF has for most of its history decentralized its staff, those of BMGF have been concentrated mainly at its headquarters in Seattle. With no operational programs of its own, BMGF has instead relied heavily on external consultants to inform its programs and remains dependent on intermediary organizations to implement its grants. Despite these and other differences, both RF and BMGF have exhibited a common capacity to catalyse institutional innovation that has benefited historically marginalized populations in the absence of structural changes to the dominant global power structure. A preference for compromise over contestation, coupled with a capacity for enabling innovation in science and governance, has resulted in broad acceptance for RF and BMGF knowledge structures within both state and international policy arenas. This acceptance has translated into both Foundations having direct influence over (i) how major challenges related to disease and agriculture facing the global south are understood (i.e. the determinants and viable solutions); (ii) what types of knowledge matters for solving said problems (i.e. who leads); and (iii) how collective action focused on addressing these problems is structured (i.e. the institutional frameworks).

This research examines the sustainability of private sector participation in urban service delivery in developing countries. The solid waste collection service in Dar es Salaam – Tanzania was used as a case study. Municipalities in Tanzania have not been able to cope with the rapid generation rate of solid waste coupled by the rapid urbanization. This resulted in a relatively large quantity of solid waste remaining poorly managed and uncollected, which left an obvious gap for other stakeholders to participate in service provision. The private sector took the opportunity, in the early 1960s, to fill the gap left by the public sector in service provision. The research found that there are factors affecting the sustainability of the private sector, which include: support from the public sector; capacity from the private sector in terms of collection vehicles and equipment; households’ attitudes and behaviour regarding the privatization of the service; the awareness and participation of households in the service; and involvement of households in decision-making. The research also identified that there is a missing-link between the households, public sector administration and the private sector. The research concludes that, taking into consideration the above factors, the proposed guidelines formulated in this study illustrate ways in which private sector involvement in solid waste collection in urban developing countries will be sustainable.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-03-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:04:29Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 sabia_cpp_dr_mar.pdf: 1059170 bytes, checksum: eb3cb7bb71d2506925911d1e834f3fe8 (MD5) / O estudo teve como objetivo identificar a política de cooperação universidade-empresa da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - contrapondo os interesses do setor privado e os da universidade. Buscou analisar o posicionamento e a atuação da UNESP, identificar as políticas públicas de incentivo à cooperação, detectar a posição do segmento docente e, em última instância, analisar se os interesses da universidade e os interesses privados têm sido conciliados nas ações práticas da instituição. O objeto do estudo está contido no contexto de mudanças da universidade, provocadas principalmente pela diminuição do papel do Estado em vários setores, particularmente o educacional, que traz como uma das conseqüências o processo de privatização. O estudo considerou que a regulamentação da política universidadeempresa não é explícita, além de ser omissa e permissiva, ou seja, não foram identificadas, na pesquisa, ações efetivas no sentido de definir claramente as linhas de atuação para a parceria com o setor empresarial. Na atuação prática, constatou-se a inexistência de qualquer instrumento de controle dessas atividades, somada ao fato de o gerenciamento dos recursos obtidos pelos convênios ser feito pelas fundações de apoio sem a devida prestação de contas. Dessa forma, confirma-se a hipótese de que a falta de uma política explícita para as relações entre a universidade e a empresa tem favorecido os interesses privados das empresas e de um grupo de docentes envolvidos em detrimento dos interesses da universidade. Portanto, a política institucionalizada identificada parece possibilitar formas de privatização interna da UNESP, constituindo-se como um instrumento que favorece a instalação do processo de mercantilização na universidade. / The study aimed to identify the cooperation policies of university-company of the State University - UNESP - interposing the interest of the private sector against those of the university. In intent to analyze UNESP actions and position, this work identified public policies of incentive for cooperation, detecting the teaching staff position, and as a final point analyzed whether the university and private interests have been coordinated with practical actions from the institution. The aim of the study was within the context of the academic changes, provoked mainly by the reduction of governmental roles into many sectors, particularly the educational one, consequently leading to a privatization process. The study considered that the regulations for university-company policies are not overt, besides they present omission and lenience, it means, effective actions were not identified during the research so to clearly define proactive approaches towards partnerships with the entrepreneur sector. At the practical action, this study has evidenced the lack of any controlling instrument for those activities, along with the fact that the management of resources obtained by grant foundations agreements were without due account reports. Therefore, the hypothesis of a lack of an overt policy was confirmed in regards to the relationship between university and the company, favoring private interests companies belonging to a group of academic staff- in detriment of the university own interest. As a conclusion, the identified institutionalized policy seems to enable ways that lead to internal privatization of UNESP, constituting itself as an instrument that favors the installment of a commercialization process into the university.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseneideSP_TESE.pdf: 1708211 bytes, checksum: 75aa7c93a4f575c2208cc19e2a9ad58c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The present study analyzes the expansion of Brazilian superior education, investigating how the public and the private sectors are inserted in this process, taking as analysis dimensions the philanthropic actions, the democratization and the mercantilism. The study had for general objective to analyze the dynamics of the expansion of superior education in Brazil, investigating how it configures the overlap between the public and the private in this process. More specifically was tried: a) to understand the process of participation of the non-state public, state and private sectors with lucrative goals in the expansion of superior education; b) to analyze the limits between the democratization and mercantilism in the process of expansion of superior education; c) to analyze the mechanisms that express the privatization in the process of expansion of superior education; d) to investigate, in a program of the government, how is materialized the overlap between the public and the private, in the expansion of superior education. In the development of the study, was adopted as theoretician and methodological way a historical and critical perspective, because is considered it allows to understand the mediations between the inquiry subject and the historical context in which it is developed, allowing, this way, the true explanation of the studied object. About the technician procedures, it was adopted documentary and bibliographical research. Also, secondary data were searched on the main governmental web sites (INEP, SISPROUNI, INEP, PNUD; IBGE) which produce statistics on superior education and sponsors of private institutions of superior education, as example ABMES and the Court of Accounts of the Union, amongst others. The study results had delineated a picture that allows to evidence that has been occurring, in the country, a process of expansion of superior education, marked for the articulated participation of the public state, private with lucrative ends and private without lucrative ends sectors, but it is distinguished in recent years the prevalence of the private sector with lucrative ends. In result, it is concluded that this process of expansion cannot be considered as dimension of the democratization because it occurs by means that move it away from the education as a right to be placed in the scope of the market, changing the right into a service that is appropriated by mercantile relations / O presente estudo analisa a expans?o do ensino superior brasileiro, investigando como os setores p?blico e o privado se inserem nesse processo, tomando como dimens?es de an?lise a filantropiza??o, a democratiza??o e a mercantiliza??o. O estudo teve por objetivo geral analisar a din?mica da expans?o do ensino superior no Brasil, investigando como se configura a imbrica??o entre o p?blico e o privado neste processo. Mais especificamente procurou-se: a) compreender o processo de participa??o dos setores p?blico n?o-estatal, estatal e privado com fins lucrativos na expans?o do ensino superior; b) analisar os limites entre a democratiza??o e a mercantiliza??o no processo de expans?o do ensino superior; c) analisar os mecanismos que expressam a privatiza??o no processo de expans?o do ensino superior; d) investigar, em um programa do governo, como se materializa a imbrica??o entre o p?blico e o privado, na expans?o do ensino superior. No desenvolvimento do estudo, adotou-se como caminho te?rico-metodol?gico, a perspectiva hist?rico-cr?tica, porque considera-se que ela permite compreender as media??es que se estabelecem entre o objeto da investiga??o e o contexto hist?rico no qual ele se desenvolve, favorecendo, desse modo, a verdadeira explica??o do objeto estudado. No que se refere aos procedimentos t?cnicos, adotou-se a pesquisa bibliogr?fica, documental e, tamb?m, buscou-se dados secund?rios, obtidos em s?tios dos principais ?rg?os governamentais (INEP, SISPROUNI, INEP, PNUD; IBGE) que produzem estat?sticas sobre o ensino superior e de mantenedoras de institui??es privadas de ensino superior a exemplo da ABMES e do Tribunal de Contas da Uni?o, dentre outros. Os resultados do estudo delinearam um quadro que permite constatar que vem ocorrendo, no pa?s, um processo de expans?o do ensino superior, marcado pela participa??o articulada dos setores p?blico estatal, privado com fins lucrativos e privado sem fins lucrativos, mas com preval?ncia, notadamente, nos ?ltimos anos, do setor privado com fins lucrativos. Em decorr?ncia, conclui-se que esse processo de expans?o n?o pode ser considerado como dimens?o da democratiza??o porque ocorre mediante mecanismos que se afastam da educa??o como direito para situar-se no ?mbito do mercado, transfigurando o direito em um servi?o que ? apropriado por rela??es mercantis

This paper is dealing with Public Private Partnership (PPP) as the alternative to the classical public procurement. It describes and compares advantages and disadvantages of this approach and explore legislative and institutional setting in chosen countries of EU to comparison. The main focus of the work concerns the comparison of the development of this concept and its current state of use in those countries. The emphasis was on finding a correlation between the number and volume of PPP projects and the state of national economies in the years 2006-2015, especially in the immediate period of the recent financial crisis, when could be expected increased attractiveness of the concept for political representation. On the specific case is explored its economic efficiency and legitimacy.