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In 1755 Henrietta Louisa Jeffreys, Countess of Pomfret, donated a substantial collection of Greco-Roman statuary to the University of Oxford. Once part of a larger collection assembled under Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel, the statues had descended to Jeffreys through the family of her husband, Thomas Ferrnor, having been purchased in 1691 for their country seat at Easton Neston in Northamptonshire. Oxford gratefully received this benefaction and it was publicly (and variously) commemorated. Emphasis on 'quality' and reliance on 'authority' have previously obscured the importance of the Pomfret statuary, subsuming it within Arundel's iconic connoisseurship. Interdisciplinary in approach, this dissertation employs new archival evidence to resituate the Pomfret marbles within larger historical and art-historical contexts and (citing contemporary images and texts) re-evaluates the collection's cultural significance. Adopting the approach of Dr. Carol Gibson-Wood, my work augments new scholarship concerned with reassessing the character of the early modern art market and its associated collecting practices. The primary concern in the dissertation is restoring the voice of Henrietta Louisa Jeffreys, whose motives for the benefaction have previously been misrepresented. Her personal response to social and cultural conditions actuated both her obtaining the statues and her dispensing of them. A second concern is to contextualize Oxford's status within the socio-political discourse of early Georgian England in order to demonstrate that the Pomfret collection was genuinely valuable to the Ufiiversity. The collection provided a collective symbol of vertu (which implied commitment to correct moral behaviour and taste) for that embattled academic institution and identified Oxford as a location of national importance. The dissertation's structure is provided with a third consideration which ultimately incorporates the other two - the provenance of the statuary. While proceeding chronologically from Arundel's acquisition through Oxford's reception, the historical details are augmented with analyses of how the collection was promoted and perceived. By revealing how ideals and ideologies of vertu informed the collection, its donation, its publicists, and its audience, this dissertation addresses the wider significance of the Pomfret benefaction in early modern England.

This research describes a large, newly-recorded archaeological site in the Upper Apalachicola River valley, northwest Florida, and a private collection of artifacts from it, as well as test excavations, three-dimensional modeling, clay/pottery sourcing through chemical analysis, and direct radiocarbon dating of ceramics to relate the site with regional archaeological chronologies and settlement patterns. A University of South Florida (USF) 2013 field school conducted excavations at the multicomponent midden on the western floodplain of the Apalachicola River called the McKinnie site (8JA1869). Students collaborated with a local collector and family members to learn about the site's history. Data from the collection and excavations show that the site was inhabited through four thousand years of prehistory, serving as a rich seasonal resource base for local people in the area starting in the Middle Archaic Period, and as a small place of occupation during the Woodland Period, until people moved out into the river valley to live in farming villages. We also investigated a series of fascinating features, stored in the private collection and excavated by USF, which may have been intentionally buried at the site up to 5500 years ago. They may be evidence of some ancient ochre processing to obtain pigments, or some other special activity.

Cette thèse porte sur la culture de la collection en tant que fait social. Elle étudie d’abord les discours tenus par les collectionneurs et les regroupements de collectionneurs à propos de leur pratique. Cet examen révèle les motivations qui justifient socialement un geste essentiellement individualiste en le rattachant à des bénéfices collectifs : bonification de la connaissance historique, construction de l’identité nationale, éducation citoyenne. Les collectionneurs propagent une vision utilitaire de leur activité, rationalisant un passe-temps qui a mauvaise presse. L’analyse permet aussi de mettre au jour les caractéristiques qui fondent l’image du praticien idéal et les critères de valorisation de la collection particulière et des éléments qui la composent. La thèse envisage également le collectionnement comme pratique et démontre que collectionner consiste à poser une série de gestes qui peuvent être regroupés en trois catégories d’actions principales : l’acquisition, la gestion et la diffusion. Elle décrit comment et auprès de qui les collectionneurs acquièrent les objets et révèle l’importance des réseaux locaux et internationaux de transactions. Elle met ensuite en évidence les soins apportés aux objets dans le cadre de la gestion de la collection : préparation, nettoyage, accrochage, rangement, classement, inventaire et catalogage. Elle établit finalement que la monstration s’effectue à différentes occasions et sous diverses formes devant un public choisi. La thèse propose une histoire culturelle de la pratique de la collection, et non une étude des collections. Les objets accumulés et classés (monnaies, médailles, timbres, artefacts amérindiens, objets archéologiques, œuvres et objets d’art, autographes, livres, documents anciens, spécimens d’histoire naturelle) ne sont pas considérés en eux-mêmes mais comme production d’une démarche qui est la matière véritable de la recherche. Elle présente une lecture critique du collectionnement et appréhende les aspirations, les croyances, les valeurs, les représentations des collectionneurs. Car collectionner est une façon d’organiser l’univers et la collection traduit, par les choix opérés dans la sélection de pièces et leur ordonnancement, une manière de voir le monde et de le comprendre. La pratique ainsi considérée est une voie permettant d’étudier la sociabilité masculine, la signification de notions telle que la virilité ou la nation, et l’importance faite à l’histoire, à la science et à l’éducation publique. / This dissertation focuses on the culture of collecting as a social act. It begins by studying the discourse held by individual collectors and groups of collectors pertaining to their collecting practices. This examination reveals the motivations that justify the social importance of an essentially individualistic act, by connecting it to various collective benefits such as furthering historical knowledge, building national identity, and civic education. The collectors propagate a utilitarian vision of their activities, and rationalize a hobby that is often negatively perceived. This analysis exposes the characteristics that compose the image of an ideal practitioner, as well as the criteria established to determine the status of private collections and their components. The dissertation also considers collecting as a practice, and demonstrates that collecting consists of a series of acts that can be grouped into three main categories: acquiring, managing, and disseminating. It describes how, and from whom collectors acquired objects, and reveals the importance of local and international networks of transaction. It then highlights the care given to objects in the area of collection management: preparing, cleaning, hanging, storing, classifying, inventory, and cataloguing. Finally, it establishes the particular forms, occasions, and public to which collections are exhibited. The dissertation does not consist of a study of collections, but instead puts forward a cultural history of the practice of collecting. The objects amassed and classified (coins, medallions, stamps, aboriginal artefacts, archeological objects, works of art, autographs, books, rare documents, natural history specimens) are not considered in themselves, but rather as the product of a process that is the true subject of this research. It presents a critical reading of collecting and seeks to understand the aspirations, beliefs, values and representations of collectors, for collecting is a way to organize the world, and thus the collection reveals, through the choices made in the selection of pieces and the order in which they are placed, a way to see and understand this world. The practice of collecting is considered as a way in which to study male sociability, the significance of notions such as virility or the nation, and the importance given to history, sciences, and civic education.

Cette étude se propose de présenter l'évolution des collections privées d'art contemporain en Grèce au cours du siècle dernier. Malgré la forte présence du phénomène, les études à ce sujet sont rares, surtout concernant la période contemporaine qui est souvent délaissée au profit de l'archéologie et de la période byzantine. Pourtant, le phénomène du collectionnisme est très présent en Grèce et il est étroitement lié à I'histoire politique et sociale du pays, à des phénomènes tels que l'évergétisme, la diaspora et l'essor économique du pays à partir des années quatre-vingts lors de son entrée dans la Communauté Économique Européenne. Ainsi, l'aspect du phénomène se trouve-t-il en constante mutation. L'objectif de cette étude est donc une première approche des divers aspects du collectionnisme, étudié en relation avec l'histoire culturelle du pays, à travers les portraits de nombreux collectionneurs grecs qui ont vécu au XXe siècle. Ces passionnés d'art ont fortement marqué le paysage artistique et culturel de leur pays d'origine - mais aussi parfois de leur pays d'accueil - notamment grâce à la mise en valeur d'artistes et à l'influence du goût, mais surtout parce que leur activité est liée à la constitution de collection de musées de beaux-arts et de fondations privées. / This study aims to describe the history and situation of the private contemporary art collections in Greece du ring the last century. Despite the strong presence of the phenomenon, studies on this subject are scarce, especially in regard to the contemporary period, which is often neglected in favor of the Archeological and Byzantine period. However, the phenomenon of collecting contemporary art is very present in Greece and it is closely linked to the political and social history, to phenomenas such as benefaction, diaspora and the economic growth of the country, from the eighties upon entry into the European Economic Community. Thus, the appearance of the phenomenon is constantly changing. What is studied here is a first approach to the various aspects of collecting contemporary art in relation to the cultural history of the country, through the portraits of many iconic Greek collectors who lived in the twentieth century. These art lovers have strongly influenced the artistic and cultural landscape of their country of origin - but also sometimes to their home countries - through the discovery of artists and the influence of taste. The latter was achieved especially because their activity was related to the establishment of the permanent collections of fine art museums and private foundations.

This thesis addresses the nineteenth-century art collection of Donald Alexander Smith, Lord Strathcona (1820--1914), in relation to intersecting questions of imperialism, colonial relations, and cultural status. Both the formation of the collection and its dispersal are linked to a dialectic of cultural hegemony and national identity in nineteenth-century Canada. Smith came penniless to Montreal from Scotland in 1838, became the wealthiest man in Canada by the end of the century, and is known as Lord Strathcona after being raised to the peerage by Queen Victoria in 1897. My discussion of the rise and fall of Strathcona's collection is informed by postcolonial theory and its critical re-reading of imperialism. While British imperialism was the ideology that governed Strathcona's activities, Anthony Giddens's structuration theory is introduced to account for how personal agency remains operative within this dominant ideology. / Strathcona formed a significant collection of European paintings and Asian art, which was, however, largely dispersed by the institution charged with its care, thus reducing its significance. Krzysztof Pomian's concept of collectors as select individuals who mediate symbolic cultural power through semiotic constructs provides an important methodological anchor for an analysis of the collector and his collection, as does Carol Duncan's work on the motivation to collect art and to structure cultural identity through control of museums. As well, the princely model of collecting reveals the humanist values operative throughout the centuries by comparison of Strathcona to the Medici in terms of the deployment of spectacle. / This thesis makes use of primary source materials to compare Strathcona's collection to several of his peers in order to place him in his cultural milieu during a time in Canadian history when Montreal was a British enclave in a French province. Analysis of fragmented primary source inventories, catalogues, personal letters, and records held by the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts and the National Archives of Canada, identification of paintings documented in the Notman photographs of 1914--1915, and my tracing of the public portraits of Strathcona by Robert Harris still on view in Montreal institutions allowed me to create useful inventories that previously did not exist.

Orientador: Silvana Barbosa Rubino / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T10:05:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Susin_IvaniaValim_M.pdf: 8583299 bytes, checksum: 0afe2acdd65aa89530f1ab1bcdace597 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O Acervo Edmundo Gardolinski constitui-se no principal conjunto documental desta pesquisa. Gardolinski (1914-1974) era descendente de poloneses, engenheiro civil e fotógrafo amador. Seu acervo consiste em uma coleção de vestígios particulares de inúmeros temas da vida pessoal e profissional, arquivados em diferentes suportes. São livros, jornais e revistas, cartas, anotações pessoais e fotografias. Do conjunto documental, selecionei apenas a porção fotográfica e, a partir dele, as fotografias da construção da Vila do IAPI, em Porto Alegre - o mais importante projeto profissional da vida de Gardolinski. O objetivo da pesquisa é inserir-se nos debates sobre o uso da fotografia em trabalhos históricos, considerando a imagem técnica como um artefato material, autônomo e independente de seu autor ou referente. A análise inclui a circulação e a influência dos objetos na relação entre eles e os sujeitos, e entre os sujeitos. Além disso, as fotografias são entendidas enquanto suportes de uma memória arquivada, ao conformar uma imagem de si do sujeito, ao mesmo tempo em que criam uma nova visualidade para a Vila do IAPI / Abstract: The Collection Edmundo Gardolinski constitutes the main set of documents of this research. Gardolinski (1914-1974) was a descendant of Polish immigrants, civil engineer and amateur photographer. His collection consists of a compilation of particular traces of numerous issues of his personal and professional life, archived on various media. It is composed of books, newspapers and magazines, letters, personal notes and photographs. Within this collection, I have only selected the photography portion and, among them, the photographs of the construction of Vila do IAPI in Porto Alegre - the most important project of Gardolinski's professional life. The purpose of the research is to promote an insertion in debates about the use of photography in historical works, considering the technical image as a physical artifact, autonomous and independent of its author or referent. The analysis includes the circulation and the influence of the objects in the relationship between such objects and the subjects, as well as between subjects. Moreover, the photographs are seen as carriers of a filed memory, since it conforms an image the subject itself, while creating a new visuality for the Vila do IAPI / Mestrado / Politica, Memoria e Cidade / Mestre em História

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Over a period of two decades, Raymond D. Nasher, a Dallas-based real estate developer, and his late wife Patsy amassed a collection of significant modern sculptures. For years, pieces from the private collection--numbering over 300 as of 1990--were on display in various museums and civic institutions, and they were installed on a rotating basis at Northpark Center, a Dallas shopping mall developed by Nasher. Since the 1987 Dallas Museum of Art exhibition, the collection has been shown in several major international museums. This study documents the formative period of the collection, the Nashers' collecting and exhibiting philosophies, and four early exhibitions of the sculptures. It includes a chronology of the Nashers and major acquisitions of sculpture.

For this thesis the animal bones collected from the archaeological excavations at the ancient site of Burgaz have been analyzed for the study of animal exploitation, human diet, social differentiation and the environment of Burgaz and Dat&ccedil / a during the Classical Period. Comparison of the results with evidence from other sites to determine the extent to which there might have been local trends in animal husbandry. Because this kind of a research is not common among archaeologists specialising in the classical period the methodology and each process of the laboratory work has been set out. Burgaz/Dat&ccedil / a is a coastal settlement but sea products do not have an important place in the human diet of the Dat&ccedil / a Burgaz inhabitants. After analysis of the Burgaz bones it was determined that domestic cattle, sheep/goat, pig, horse, donkey and dog were present alongside wild goat, wild pig, fallow deer, red deer, roe deer, badger and birds as well as fish and shellfish from the sea. More than half of the bones that were identified, 220 of 430, come from floor filling levels beneath floors. It was understood that these bones were in filling materials that were brought from dump site(s). Among these bones were some worked cattle bones which have close parallels with Roman period finds at Sagalassos. Because of most of identified bones come from filling levels beneath floors it was not possible to reach definite conclusions about social hierarchy at ancient Burgaz. Sheep/goat and cattle were kept for their secondary products, such as milk, wool and power. They were slaughtered in their old age by experienced people and played an important place in diet of the Burgaz inhabitants. Pigs, on the other hand, were slaughtered when young. From the wild species found in the Classical and Hellenistic Periods it can be said that the Dat&ccedil / a environment was diverse enough to accommodate a range of wild animals whose habitat indicates the existence of forested areas (with large leafed and coniferous trees) as well as of meadows and grasslands.