O objetivo central desta pesquisa é contextualizar e debater a emergência de um novo mecanismo de governança das relações transnacionais: as regulações privadas. Por meio de uma ampla revisão bibliográfica, o trabalho se propõe, a princípio, a definir as principais abordagens teóricas e conceituais desenvolvidas pela literatura sobre o fenômeno, facilitando, assim a definição do objeto desta pesquisa. Posteriormente, serão apresentadas as principais respostas da literatura a questões relacionadas aos três principais momentos da consolidação de tais mecanismos: sua emergência, adesão por atores privados e resultados. Conforme verificado, nos três casos as duas grandes linhas explicativas apresentadas pela literatura relacionam-se (1) a abordagens baseadas em incentivos de mercado e (2) a abordagens político-culturais voltadas à análise do campo social em que as empresas atuam. Pretende-se assim, contextualizar, fornecer um amplo panorama teórico e determinar as principais variáveis explicativas para a análise da hipótese central deste trabalho de que mecanismos de regulação privada podem ser efetivos fornecedores de bens públicos. Tais variáveis serão, posteriormente, testadas pela parte empírica desta pesquisa. / The main objective of this research is to contextualize and debate the emergence of a new governance mechanism in the transnational relations: private regulations. Through a broad bibliographic review, this work intends, first, to define the most important theoretical and conceptual approaches developed by the literature, facilitating thus the the definition of the specificities of the research\'s object. Second, the main answers to questions regarding the three most crucial moments of private regulations mechanisms consolidation (emergency, adoption by private actors and results) will be presented. As observed in all three cases the two main explanatory approaches presented by the literature relate to (1) approaches based on market incentives, and (2) political-cultural approaches aimed at the analisis of the social field in which firms operate. Hence, the aim is to contextualize, provide a broad theoretical background and determine the main explanatory variables for the analysis of the central hypotheses of this study that both values and market incentives are crucial in the process of adopting private regulatory mechanisms and that such mechanisms can be effective providers of public goods. These hypotheses will then be tested by the empirical part of this research.

O objetivo central desta pesquisa é contextualizar e debater a emergência de um novo mecanismo de governança das relações transnacionais: as regulações privadas. Por meio de uma ampla revisão bibliográfica, o trabalho se propõe, a princípio, a definir as principais abordagens teóricas e conceituais desenvolvidas pela literatura sobre o fenômeno, facilitando, assim a definição do objeto desta pesquisa. Posteriormente, serão apresentadas as principais respostas da literatura a questões relacionadas aos três principais momentos da consolidação de tais mecanismos: sua emergência, adesão por atores privados e resultados. Conforme verificado, nos três casos as duas grandes linhas explicativas apresentadas pela literatura relacionam-se (1) a abordagens baseadas em incentivos de mercado e (2) a abordagens político-culturais voltadas à análise do campo social em que as empresas atuam. Pretende-se assim, contextualizar, fornecer um amplo panorama teórico e determinar as principais variáveis explicativas para a análise da hipótese central deste trabalho de que mecanismos de regulação privada podem ser efetivos fornecedores de bens públicos. Tais variáveis serão, posteriormente, testadas pela parte empírica desta pesquisa. / The main objective of this research is to contextualize and debate the emergence of a new governance mechanism in the transnational relations: private regulations. Through a broad bibliographic review, this work intends, first, to define the most important theoretical and conceptual approaches developed by the literature, facilitating thus the the definition of the specificities of the research\'s object. Second, the main answers to questions regarding the three most crucial moments of private regulations mechanisms consolidation (emergency, adoption by private actors and results) will be presented. As observed in all three cases the two main explanatory approaches presented by the literature relate to (1) approaches based on market incentives, and (2) political-cultural approaches aimed at the analisis of the social field in which firms operate. Hence, the aim is to contextualize, provide a broad theoretical background and determine the main explanatory variables for the analysis of the central hypotheses of this study that both values and market incentives are crucial in the process of adopting private regulatory mechanisms and that such mechanisms can be effective providers of public goods. These hypotheses will then be tested by the empirical part of this research.

Si d’importantes recherches sur les sources du droit et de nombreux travaux sur le droit de la communication par internet ont déjà été menés, cette thèse se distingue des premiers comme des seconds : d’une part, elle interroge des sources souvent originales, loin de réduire le droit à la loi et à la jurisprudence ; d’autre part, elle ne consiste pas en un exposé technique et utilitaire du droit de la communication par internet mais en une étude scientifique et macro-juridique (i.e. détachée des règles et des régimes juridiques). L’observation du droit de la communication par internet est ici au service d’une réflexion relative aux continuités, aux ruptures et aux mouvements actuels et à venir des sources du droit. Cette branche du droit, significative du droit « global » et du droit « postmoderne », est révélatrice de ce à quoi le paysage juridique pourrait ressembler demain, lorsque le droit moderne stato-centré aura été irrémédiablement débordé par un droit « en réseau » dont les propriétés ressemblent fort à celles du réseau mondial qu’est l’internet. Progressivement, les sources auparavant premières deviennent secondaires, celles qui hier demeuraient à l’arrière-plan se retrouvent sur le devant de la scène juridique, tandis que de nouveaux foyers de normes apparaissent. L’objet de cette thèse est de constituer un témoignage de ce renouvellement des lieux et des modes de production des normes en cours / Many books studying the sources of the law and many books studying the Internet law have already been published. This thesis differs from these books : it studies the original sources, not only the state law and the customs; and it is a scientific work and not a practical work. Observations of the Internet law can serve thoughts on the currents and futures continuities and changes of the sources of the law. Studying this young and special law is like studying an example of global law and postmodern law, revealing the specifics of the law of tomorrow, when the modern law centered on the state will be replaced by a different law, whose properties gather those of the Internet. Gradually, the conventional sources are substituted by new sources. This thesis wants to be a witness of these changes in the sources of the law.In terms of legal science and legal thought, lawyers should perhaps avoid analyzing the law of tomorrow with tools and lessons from yesterday. Studying the Internet law invites to build new tools and frameworks in order to describe and explain as accurately as possible the reality of the law. These problems led to the writing of this book. By focusing on specific legal objects that reflect the twenty-first century law, it wants to promote the understanding and the acceptance of changes in the law. Specifically, the objective is to contribute to the renovation of the sources of the law thought when the modern theory appears increasingly archaic because the number, the identity, the architecture and the balance of the sources is permanently evolving