Résumé: L’écart de santé entre les communautés autochtones et non autochtones démontre un dysfonctionnement dans la distribution des soins de santé. Les autochtones revendiquent la nécessité d’élaborer des programmes de santé adaptés à leurs besoins. Ces programmes accorderaient une place plus importante à leur culture, permettraient d’intégrer l’aspect traditionnel de la guérison et de son financement. À la suite des multiples demandes des autochtones, à vouloir reprendre en main leur vie, le gouvernement fédéral a créé la politique de transfert de programmes de santé vers les Premières nations et les Inuits. Cette politique a pour objectif de les responsabiliser, mais aussi de les aider progressivement à prendre le contrôle de leurs services de santé. La première partie de ce mémoire présentera le cadre historique de la santé autochtone. La vision autochtone et la vision canadienne seront étudiées ainsi que le mode d’allocation des ressources destinées à ces derniers. La deuxième partie explorera la prestation de services de santé à travers la politique de transfert de programmes de santé vers les Premières Nations, dans le but de savoir si cette politique répond réellement aux besoins des communautés. Enfin, nous verrons quelles solutions pourront être trouvées pour incorporer de programmes de guérisons traditionnelles, au sein des soins de santé.||Abstract: The health gap between aboriginals and non aboriginals demonstrates a dysfunction in the distribution of health care in Canada. Aboriginal communities claim the need to develop health programs tailored to their needs. These programs would give more prominence to their culture, and would allow for the integration of their traditional healing methods. Following numerous requests from the aboriginal communities who want to resume control of their lives, the federal government created the Health Transfer Policy to First Nations and Inuit. This policy aims to empower First Nations and Inuit to take back the control of their health services. Part one of this thesis will provide the historical context of Aboriginal and Canadian health care system and the method of allocating resources to them. Both Aboriginal and Canadian perspectives will be discussed, as well as the method of allocating resources to them. Part two will explore the provision of health services through the Health Transfer Policy to First Nations and Inuit. In order to know whether this policy really meets the community needs and see what solutions could be found to incorporate traditional healing programs into the aboriginal health care system.

Thesis (MTech(Business Administration))-- Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012 / In the education and training environment retention and a high throughput rate of students are common objectives of many learning institutions from government sponsored community training programmes to tertiary institutions. High dropout and attrition in many of these education and training programmes is, therefore of great concern for all stakeholders in these institutions. The high dropout rate experienced in entrepreneurial training programmes is, in particular, of great concern, given its importance in the South African economy. The New Venture Creation (NVC) Learnership NQF Level 4, is one such training programme rolled out by the South African government to develop entrepreneurs in the previously disadvantaged section of the South African population for various socio-economic and political reasons. The Services SETA were responsible for the roll out NVC Learnership for previously disadvantaged individuals (PDI„s) within the Saldanha Bay Municipal area. The PDI‟s refer to those sections of the population who were isolated in terms of new venture creation during the apartheid regime. Depriving these South Africans of the necessary entrepreneurial skills for new venture creation had an impact on their participation in entrepreneurship and the formal economy. The social context of the potential entrepreneur, further, impact hugely on objectives envisaged for these programmes. One of the key objectives of the programme is to change the attitude towards entrepreneurship from the tendency to start survivalist to establishing sustainable business ventures. The entrepreneurial mind-set of the trainee and the training context, therefore, play a huge role. In order to address the issue of huge trainee dropout and develop the mind-set of trainees in NVC programmes, this study seeks to explore the issue of academic resilience as a key area of intervention to ensure higher retention and throughput rate.The current study was concerned with assessing the personal factors and other factors in the training context perceived by trainees‟ to influence their academic resilience in the New Venture Creation (NVC) training programme.An in-depth literature study was done to establish the factors on a personal level and in the training context that tend to influence the academic resilience of trainees. Graduates in a NVC Learnership in St. Helena Bay formed the case study to assess these factors by means of a structured questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The semi-structured interview offered graduates the opportunity to elaborate on certain findings in the questionnaire. A focus group session was held with another group who did a similar NVC NQF Level 4 Learnership, to corroborate and validate the findings of the interviews in the first group.The research revealed that personal and training contextual factors do influence the academic resilience of trainees in the NVC training programme. The research findings, further, revealed that these factors have huge implications for facilitation and, in particular, on a pedagogical level.

M.Ed. / The word HIV/AIDS has dominated the media day in and day out, news is up as to how the pandemic is ravaging the whole world. Particularly at risk are the children and young people. In this mist of confusion and frustration one cannot really afford to turn a blind eye on this scourge. As there is no cure for HIV/AIDS, the only hope is “awareness” so that people can adequately protect themselves. The aim of this research is to find out whether the inclusion of HIV/AIDS- programmes in the school curriculum may not create an awareness about the epidemic, and as such, prevent the vast spread of the virus. In the light of the statement above, the following questions were formulated: • Are the young people and children aware of the trends and patterns of HIV/AIDS? • Would the inclusion of HIV/AIDS-programmes in the school curriculum bring awareness about the pandemic and reduce the vast spread of the virus? In order to research the problem as stated above, qualitative and quantitative methods were chosen. The choice was informed by the fact that using combined methods will prevent biased findings, develop and enhance the understanding of social phenomena and strengthening triangulation. The findings indicated that the HIV/AIDS-programmes should form part of the curriculum. The conclusions made were based on the impact of HIV/AIDS developed from the literature overview in Chapter 2 and findings from data in Chapter 4. vi Recommendations were made to National, Provincial and School level: • There is a need for a coherent National HIV/AIDS curriculum development strategy which will ensure systematic planning on HIV/AIDS-programmes generally, and in particular conduct a survey to collect data on awareness levels in life skills education. • Effective and monitored communication systems among various stakeholders and curriculum implementers are needed to conduct workshops on HIV/AIDS. • Regional officials need to be empowered to enter into partnerships with other accredited programmes to combat HIV/AIDS. • Educators should be encouraged to develop HIV/AIDS lessons in classrooms in line with national guidelines. Lastly, this study was worth undertaking, taking cognisance of the rate at which HIV/AIDS is killing the people. If the recommendations are considered, there will be an increase of awareness and hopefully a change of behaviour. / Dr. M.C. van Loggerenberg

Magister Public Health - MPH / The study aims to assess the characteristics of donor funding for national tuberculosis, malaria and HIV programmes to Zambia over an 8 year period in order to inform it more effective and efficient utilization. / South Africa

Magister Public Health - MPH / Background:HIV is a worldwide pandemic with an estimated 2.5 million children under the age of 15 living with HIV in the world in 2009. Children account for approximately 14% of all HIV-related deaths around the world. Several studies have shown that the use of antiretroviral drugs greatly improve the lives of HIV-1 infected individuals, however, most of these studies report on outcomes of ART programmes in developed world and for adult patients. Very few settings have published outcomes of paediatric ART programmes.Objectives This research was aimed at describing the long term (at least one year) treatment outcome of HIV-1 infected children in the HIV/AIDS Prevention Group (HAPG) program in Bela-Bela in the Limpopo province of South Africa.Study design and methods: A quantitative approach involving a retrospective cohort design was used for the study. The study included all children under the age of 15 that were enrolled in the HATG treatment programme in Bela-Bela between February 2004 and December2009.Immunological, virological, clinical outcomes and loss to follow-up were determined for this cohort. Mortality and survival was also determined. Results: The median age of children in this study was 5 years (IQR: 2-7) with 14% (10/71) of them being less than 18 months. Median CD4 count at commencement of ART, viral load and weight were 358 cells/mm3 (IQR 203.5-, 125673 RNA copies/μL (IQR 58094-328424.5) and 14.5Kg (IQR: 11.0-18.35) respectively. CD4 counts and weight showed increase within the study period, and there was also a decline in viral load. Loss to follow-up was 7.04% while mortality was 19% with 21.43% of mortality cases being children who were ≤18months. Mortality occurred within the first year of ART initiation and occurred in cases that had advanced disease.Conclusion: This study shows that the ART program in Bela-Bela has a positive outcome on HIV positive children.The high mortality rate was due to children starting ART at an advanced disease stage. Despite the good outcome, it is recommended that a system be put into place that will aid in identifying children at an early stage of the disease and treatment initiated promptly.

The past thirteen years of democratic rule in South Africa have been characterised by policy making and legislative reform aimed at meeting constitutional imperatives. One of the central programmes of reconstruction is the development of human resources. Within the public service this programme has been addressed by a number of policies and laws, however the building of the developmental state remains a challenge for South Africa. The Ten Year Review conducted by the Presidency of the Republic of South Africa identifies the need for delivery within the public service during the second decade of democracy and urges government departments to “focus on practical implementation as distinct from setting out a policy framework which now exists, through the adoption of project management practices and community development works”. To enhance the implementation of strategic objectives and outputs in departments, capacity building coupled with enabling processes for improving the delivery of services on provincial and local government levels is critical. It is within the above context that this dissertation aims to give an analysis of the state of skills in the South African public service. This dissertation will begin by discussing findings on employment experiences of graduates; thereafter an evaluation of the higher education framework in South Africa will be undertaken. A closer look at the framework for skills development and training in the public service will also be explored. The findings relating to graduate employment experiences includes the period it takes them to find employment, the factors that influence employability, the types of jobs they find, their own perceptions of the relation of the level of jobs they found both to their qualification and the sectors of employment. The study will also explore the mobility in the South African labour market as well as moving abroad and the reasons for this choice. The role of the public sector as an employer will also be explored. A comprehensive analysis of the Higher education initiatives, specifically Further Education Training colleges (FET). A critical analysis of institutions created to promote training and skills development in the public service such Public Service Sector Education and Training Authority (PSETA), South African Management and Development Institute (SAMDI), will be explored adjacent to their performance against their mandates with the objective of establishing their effectiveness. The case of the Department of Provincial and Local Government (DPLG) will be used to demonstrate the point that career management programmes are lacking in the public service and this fuels the increase in turnover of staff. Also the DPLG will be used to illustrate that external consultants are used to provide training and not SAMDI and PSETA, these occurrences within the DPLG will be interrogated. Finally the National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS) will be evaluated to determine its effectiveness in tackling the serious challenge of skills in South Africa. / Dissertation (MAdmin (Public Administration))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / unrestricted

EAP, as part of the organizational Human Resource Management services, assists employees in dealing with challenges that affect their productivity at work. It is offered according to different approaches, depending on the size, availability of resources and nature of the organization. Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs) provide services designed to help employees, managers and organizations meet life challenges and remain healthy, engaged, and productive. However, the services that an EAP offers in an organization need to be marketed to its users. This allows the users, who are the employees of that particular organization, to understand and familiarize themselves with those services. Various strategies are used to market EAP. However its influence differs from one organization to another. The study was conducted in the public service to determine the effect of marketing strategies by EAPs during the developmental and implementation phases. More importantly, this study seeks to examine the most effective strategies for EAP marketing in the public service by means of the following objectives:- • A description of marketing strategies for EAPs from a theoretical point of view; • An exploration of marketing strategies which have been applied in the public service by means of an empirical study. • Formation of guidelines on marketing strategies that may ensure effective marketing during the developmental and implementation phases of EAP. The literature study outlines the processes and guidelines for implementation of the EAP during the developmental phases. This includes needs assessment, management consultation, EAP mainstreaming and EAP launch and management training. There is a direct link between the implementation plan for EAP and the marketing strategies to be employed. The main reason for conducting this study is vi therefore to try to align the implementation plan for the EAP with the relevant strategies to be employed, for the benefit of the public service. The empirical findings obtained from a sample of EAP practitioners and EAP heads in the public service have established the main purpose of the study, which will be conducted by following the mixed method research approach. The researcher applied the mixed method approach to find the general understanding by EAP practitioners of the subject being investigated and to verify such information with EAP heads in the public service. Data were presented by means of exact figures gained from precise measurement and the themes in chapter 3. This methodology was aimed at exploring the effective marketing strategies for EAP during the developmental and implementation phases in the public service (Gauteng). The findings of the study and the analysis revealed the effective strategies that should be employed by practitioners when EAP is introduced into a specific public service department to ensure effective and efficient use of its services. The study also formulated guidelines on the effective use of the EAP in the public service. The research conclusions and recommendations served as a basis for the development of a guideline to effectively market the EAP services in the public service during the developmental and implementation phases. / Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / lmchunu2014 / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

Submitted in the fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts (Community Work), University of Zululand in the Department of Social Work, 2010. / The flagship program is a developmental approach aimed at facilitating economic, educational and training opportunities for rural women and children under the age of 15 in order to break the cycle of vulnerability and poverty in South Africa. In Msinga alone, the Integrated Development Plan document (2001:2) indicates that at least 85% of Msinga population is unemployed thereby trapped in poverty. For them to earn a proper living, they depend on subsistence farming which at times successful due to lack of adequate resources like water, gardening equipment and accessible roads, and more. This is supported by Cloud (1985:7) who argues that even those women who have access such resources, it is of a particular concern to the kind of access they have to such resources for carrying out their activities, and the command they have over the benefits thereafter. Therefore, the study was based on assessing the impact of Mashunka Flagship project as an approach to poverty alleviation, under the Msinga Local Municipality funded by the Department of Social Development. The Evaluative research method was used and the interview questionnaires were used to gather information from the sample twenty respondents that were used. Relevant literature was reviewed to gather more information from experts who have done the research before on the topic and the recommendation were made based on the findings of the study. The findings have revealed that the women and children have benefited from the program in many ways, including the community at large, in terms of electricity, access road and water. They received funding from various donors both private and public. All women in the project were trained on various skills. Children are attending early childhood development in the nearby and they eat everyday form the scheme. The findings also revealed the importance of intersectoral collaboration and training of the project members as the important tools towards the sustenance of the project and comprehensive service delivery.

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Education in the Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education, Faculty of Education, at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2011. / This study examined the effectiveness of student support programmes at a tertiary institution. The aims of the study were:  To determine the students’ perceptions about the existing support programmes.  To determine the students’ satisfactions about the existing support programmes. In accordance with these aims, an investigation of students’ perceptions of different student support programmes was undertaken. The participants were 198 full-time, trained undergraduates assisting in providing/rendering/offering the various student support programmes at different sites/campuses of Walter Sisulu University. Using purposive sampling to select the research respondents, data was collected. A quantitative data analysis was used in order to draw conclusions about the effectiveness and satisfaction of respondents with the existing student support programmes offered at Walter Sisulu University. Research results indicated that:  The objectives of the support programmes are clearly stated and that it is possible to achieve set objectives.  The support programmes contribute to the holistic development of the students.  The majority of the respondents were satisfied with the effectiveness of the support programmes. On the basis of the findings, recommendations for enhancing or contributing to the holistic student support and development were put forward. / Walter Sisulu University

Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF EDUCATlON in the DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY of the UNIVERSITY OF ZULULAND, 1999. / • To pursue a study pertaining to the educational needs of employees and the needs of their spouses at certain private companies. • To institute certain guidelines, based on the findings of both a literature study and structured interviews, for private companies to realize the educational needs of their employees and their spouses. A basic point of departure is that companies have an educational responsibility towards their employees. Employee education is a universal phenomenon that is valid for all employees. During this study it was found that certain companies acknowledge the need for educating their employees, which they regard as an investment in human capital. Because the company is engaged in the advancement and development of its employees, the spouses and children are not left behind in the development and advancement process. It has become the responsibility of employers to improve human resources because they are future assets of the company. Employees are engaged in empowerment programmes which uplift the labour force with job-related skills as well as life skills. Labour relations in South African companies have greatly improved due to the employers' acceptance of labour rights. The acceptance of labour rights in companies harmonises the relationships between employers and employees. Productivity becomes the joint effort of the employers and employees. Employers' expectations are determined by employees' educational expectations. Employees are in dire need of educational expertise, and on the other hand employers expect a high rate of productivity. Whilst employees' educational needs are visualized by responsible employers, others have been found to be inadequate in designing educational programmes to uplift and inculcate job know-how to serve the employees, educational needs. Employee empowerment programmes are needed to advance job related skills, but are inadequate as empowerment programmes need to address illiteracy, numeracy and financial assistance. The review of the literature has emphasised the importance of the employees' skills education, employees' empowerment and life skills programmes, and role of an employers' educational responsibility in treating and preventing illiteracy and numeracy. The literature studied and interviews conducted have shown that not all employers have responsibility for the education of their employees, their spouses and children. Education of the labour force, their spouses and children involving lay people in running the company programmes and the development of better services in the company, are discussed as ways and means of preventing illiteracy and numeracy. In the light of the findings of this research, the following was recommended: • That educational programmes directed at employees, their spouses and children are essential for the prevention of illiteracy and numeracy, and should be implemented. • That employees' training programmes with regard to job skills and life skills are needed and should be made available • That financial assistance from private companies should be made available for the education of the children of employees.